单选题We learn from Para. 8 and Para. 9 that______.A diabetes patients must take medication upon diagnosis.B medication is the first line of defense against Type 2 diabetes.C both lifestyle and medication are important for diabetes patients.D diabetes patien

Research recently conducted on the side effects of the medication __________ that it should not be prescribed to diabetic patients.

A.has found
B.has been found
C.finds
D.was finding

共用题干
Alcoholism
1 .Yes,alcoholism can be treated. Alcoholism treatment programs use both counseling and medication（药物治疗）to help a person stop drinking. Most alcoholics need help to recover from their disease. With support and treatment,many people are able to stop drinking and rebuild their lives.
2. A range of medication is used to treat alcoholism. Benzodiazepines（苯二氮平类药物） are sometimes used during the first days after a person stops drinking to help him or her safely withdraw from alcohol. However,these medications are not used beyond the first few days because they may be highly addictive. Other medications help people remain sober（清醒）. One medication used for this purpose is naltrexone（环丙甲经二经吗啡酮) . When combined with counseling,naltrexone can reduce the strong desire for alcohol and help prevent a person from returning to heavy drinking. Another medication, disulfiram（戒酒硫）,discourages drinking by making the person feel sick if he or she drinks alcohol. Though several medications help treat alcoholism,there is no“magic bullet”.Developing new and more effective medications to treat alcoholism remains a high priority for researchers.
3 .Alcoholism treatment works for many people. But just like any chronic disease,there are different levels of success in treatment.Some people stop drinking and remain sober. Others cannot stop drinking for any length of time. With treatment,one thing is clear,however,the longer a person stops drinking alcohol,the more likely he or she will be able to stay sober.
4 .No,alcoholism cannot be cured at this time. Even if an alcoholic hasn't been drinking for a long time,he or she can still return to the drinking habit.To guard against it,an alcoholic must continue to avoid all alcoholic drinks.

For alcoholism treatment,there is no single medication that works______.
A: stay confused
B: alcoholic drinks
C: medical treatment
D: feel sick
E: in every person
F: stop drinking

共用题干
Exercise can Replace Insulin for Elderly Diabetics
Most older people with so-called type Ⅱ diabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week,according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlin gske Tidende on Monday.
Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet's Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body's ability to utilise insulin by 30 percent,the newspaper reported.
This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today, it said.
Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type Ⅱ,all more than 60 years of age,exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months.After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects'muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked.
Associate Professor Dr. Hemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthy non一exercising persons.
“This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups.Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes,but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms. At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment,”Dela was quoted as saying.
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas,controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes.
Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up a sweat,but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise.
Most diabetics realise that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise,Dela added.

The subjects of the research tests conducted at the Copenhagen Central Hospital included______.
A: elderly non-diabetic men
B: elderly type Ⅱ diabetic men
C: both sexes of all ages
D: both A and B

Text 4 Consuming high-quality plant foods such as whole grains,fruits,vegetables,nuts and legumes may substantially lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes,researchers including one of Indian-origin have claimed."This study highlights that even moderate dietary changes in the direction of a healthful plant-based diet can play a significant role in the prevention of type 2 diabetes,"said Ambika Satija from Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health in the US."These findings provide further evidence to support current dietary recommendations for chronic disease prevention,"she said.While previous studies have found links between vegetarian diets and improved health outcomes,including reduced risk of type 2 diabetes,this new study is the first to make distinctions between healthy plant-based diets and less healthy ones that include things like sweetened foods and beverages,which may be detrimental for health.The study also considered the effect of including some animal foods in the diet.Researchers followed more than 200,000 male and female health professionals in the US for more than 20 years who had regularly filled out questionnaires on their diet,lifestyle,medical history,and ncw disease diagnoses as part of three large long-term studies.They evaluated participants'diets using a plant-based diet index in which they assigned plant-derived foods higher scores and animal-derived foods lower scores.The study found that high adherence to a plant-based diet that was low in animal foods was associated with a 20 percent reduced risk of type 2 diabetes compared with low adherence to such a diet,researchers said.Eating a healthy version of a plant-based diet was linked with a 34 per cent lower diabetes risk,while a less healthy version-including foods such as refrned grains,potatoes,and sugar-sweetened beverages-was linked with a 16 per cent increased risk,they said.Even modestly lowering animal food consumption-for example,from 5-6 servings per day to about 4 servings per day-was linked with lower diabetes incidence,the study found."A shift to a dietary pattern higher in healthful plant-based foods,such as vegetables,fruits,whole grains,legumes,nuts,and seeds,and lower in animal-based foods,especially red and processed meats,can confer substantial health benefits in reducing risk of type 2 diabetes,"said Frank Hu from Harvard Chan School.Researchers suggest that healthful plant-based diets could be lowering type 2 diabetes risk because such diets are high in fiber,antioxidants,unsaturated fatty acids,and micronutrients such as magnesium,and are low in saturated fat.Healthy plant foods may also be contributing to a healthy gut microbiome,they said.
From the new study,we can infer that_____

A.sweet fruit juice and beverages are beneficial to our health
B.animal foods should not be included in our diet for the sake of health
C.fried potatoes are healthy food comparing with animal foods
D.eating less meat is helpful to reduce the diabetes incidence

Text 4 Consuming high-quality plant foods such as whole grains,fruits,vegetables,nuts and legumes may substantially lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes,researchers including one of Indian-origin have claimed."This study highlights that even moderate dietary changes in the direction of a healthful plant-based diet can play a significant role in the prevention of type 2 diabetes,"said Ambika Satija from Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health in the US."These findings provide further evidence to support current dietary recommendations for chronic disease prevention,"she said.While previous studies have found links between vegetarian diets and improved health outcomes,including reduced risk of type 2 diabetes,this new study is the first to make distinctions between healthy plant-based diets and less healthy ones that include things like sweetened foods and beverages,which may be detrimental for health.The study also considered the effect of including some animal foods in the diet.Researchers followed more than 200,000 male and female health professionals in the US for more than 20 years who had regularly filled out questionnaires on their diet,lifestyle,medical history,and ncw disease diagnoses as part of three large long-term studies.They evaluated participants'diets using a plant-based diet index in which they assigned plant-derived foods higher scores and animal-derived foods lower scores.The study found that high adherence to a plant-based diet that was low in animal foods was associated with a 20 percent reduced risk of type 2 diabetes compared with low adherence to such a diet,researchers said.Eating a healthy version of a plant-based diet was linked with a 34 per cent lower diabetes risk,while a less healthy version-including foods such as refrned grains,potatoes,and sugar-sweetened beverages-was linked with a 16 per cent increased risk,they said.Even modestly lowering animal food consumption-for example,from 5-6 servings per day to about 4 servings per day-was linked with lower diabetes incidence,the study found."A shift to a dietary pattern higher in healthful plant-based foods,such as vegetables,fruits,whole grains,legumes,nuts,and seeds,and lower in animal-based foods,especially red and processed meats,can confer substantial health benefits in reducing risk of type 2 diabetes,"said Frank Hu from Harvard Chan School.Researchers suggest that healthful plant-based diets could be lowering type 2 diabetes risk because such diets are high in fiber,antioxidants,unsaturated fatty acids,and micronutrients such as magnesium,and are low in saturated fat.Healthy plant foods may also be contributing to a healthy gut microbiome,they said.
About type 2 diabetes,which of the following statement is true?

A.Eating vegetables,fruits and refined grains could decrease its risk.
B.The dietary pattern including vegetables,legumes etc.is beneficiaL
C.Diets having less animal foods could decrease its risks t0 30 percent
D.Plant-based diet could make its risk decrease t0 34 percent.

Text 4 Consuming high-quality plant foods such as whole grains,fruits,vegetables,nuts and legumes may substantially lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes,researchers including one of Indian-origin have claimed."This study highlights that even moderate dietary changes in the direction of a healthful plant-based diet can play a significant role in the prevention of type 2 diabetes,"said Ambika Satija from Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health in the US."These findings provide further evidence to support current dietary recommendations for chronic disease prevention,"she said.While previous studies have found links between vegetarian diets and improved health outcomes,including reduced risk of type 2 diabetes,this new study is the first to make distinctions between healthy plant-based diets and less healthy ones that include things like sweetened foods and beverages,which may be detrimental for health.The study also considered the effect of including some animal foods in the diet.Researchers followed more than 200,000 male and female health professionals in the US for more than 20 years who had regularly filled out questionnaires on their diet,lifestyle,medical history,and ncw disease diagnoses as part of three large long-term studies.They evaluated participants'diets using a plant-based diet index in which they assigned plant-derived foods higher scores and animal-derived foods lower scores.The study found that high adherence to a plant-based diet that was low in animal foods was associated with a 20 percent reduced risk of type 2 diabetes compared with low adherence to such a diet,researchers said.Eating a healthy version of a plant-based diet was linked with a 34 per cent lower diabetes risk,while a less healthy version-including foods such as refrned grains,potatoes,and sugar-sweetened beverages-was linked with a 16 per cent increased risk,they said.Even modestly lowering animal food consumption-for example,from 5-6 servings per day to about 4 servings per day-was linked with lower diabetes incidence,the study found."A shift to a dietary pattern higher in healthful plant-based foods,such as vegetables,fruits,whole grains,legumes,nuts,and seeds,and lower in animal-based foods,especially red and processed meats,can confer substantial health benefits in reducing risk of type 2 diabetes,"said Frank Hu from Harvard Chan School.Researchers suggest that healthful plant-based diets could be lowering type 2 diabetes risk because such diets are high in fiber,antioxidants,unsaturated fatty acids,and micronutrients such as magnesium,and are low in saturated fat.Healthy plant foods may also be contributing to a healthy gut microbiome,they said.
The best title for the text should be_____

A.Plant-Based Diet May Lower Risk ofType 2 Diabetes
B.Better Not to Eat Too Many Animal Foods
C.We Should Eat Vegetable Foods to Prevent Chronic Diseases
D.Plant-Based Diet with High Fiber and Low Fat Is Beneficial

共用题干
Exercise can Replace Insulin for Elderly Diabetics
Most older people with so-called type Ⅱ diabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week,according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlin gske Tidende on Monday.
Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet's Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body's ability to utilise insulin by 30 percent,the newspaper reported.
This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today, it said.
Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type Ⅱ,all more than 60 years of age,exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months.After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects'muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked.
Associate Professor Dr. Hemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthy non一exercising persons.
“This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups.Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes,but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms. At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment,”Dela was quoted as saying.
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas,controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes.
Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up a sweat,but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise.
Most diabetics realise that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise,Dela added.

To what a degree have diabetics to exercise in order to achieve the desired effect?
A:To the degree where they begin to sweat.
B: To the degree where they feel exhausted.
C: To the point when they feel thirsty.
D: To the point when they have to take insulin.

共用题干
Exercise can Replace Insulin for Elderly Diabetics
Most older people with so-called type Ⅱ diabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week,according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlin gske Tidende on Monday.
Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet's Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body's ability to utilise insulin by 30 percent,the newspaper reported.
This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today, it said.
Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type Ⅱ,all more than 60 years of age,exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months.After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects'muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked.
Associate Professor Dr. Hemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthy non一exercising persons.
“This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups.Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes,but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms. At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment,”Dela was quoted as saying.
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas,controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes.
Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up a sweat,but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise.
Most diabetics realise that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise,Dela added.

Physical exercise may increase the body ability to utilise insulin by______.
A: 70 percent
B: 30 percent
C: 60 percent
D: only a few percent

diabetes mellitus

Text 4 Consuming high-quality plant foods such as whole grains,fruits,vegetables,nuts and legumes may substantially lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes,researchers including one of Indian-origin have claimed."This study highlights that even moderate dietary changes in the direction of a healthful plant-based diet can play a significant role in the prevention of type 2 diabetes,"said Ambika Satija from Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health in the US."These findings provide further evidence to support current dietary recommendations for chronic disease prevention,"she said.While previous studies have found links between vegetarian diets and improved health outcomes,including reduced risk of type 2 diabetes,this new study is the first to make distinctions between healthy plant-based diets and less healthy ones that include things like sweetened foods and beverages,which may be detrimental for health.The study also considered the effect of including some animal foods in the diet.Researchers followed more than 200,000 male and female health professionals in the US for more than 20 years who had regularly filled out questionnaires on their diet,lifestyle,medical history,and ncw disease diagnoses as part of three large long-term studies.They evaluated participants'diets using a plant-based diet index in which they assigned plant-derived foods higher scores and animal-derived foods lower scores.The study found that high adherence to a plant-based diet that was low in animal foods was associated with a 20 percent reduced risk of type 2 diabetes compared with low adherence to such a diet,researchers said.Eating a healthy version of a plant-based diet was linked with a 34 per cent lower diabetes risk,while a less healthy version-including foods such as refrned grains,potatoes,and sugar-sweetened beverages-was linked with a 16 per cent increased risk,they said.Even modestly lowering animal food consumption-for example,from 5-6 servings per day to about 4 servings per day-was linked with lower diabetes incidence,the study found."A shift to a dietary pattern higher in healthful plant-based foods,such as vegetables,fruits,whole grains,legumes,nuts,and seeds,and lower in animal-based foods,especially red and processed meats,can confer substantial health benefits in reducing risk of type 2 diabetes,"said Frank Hu from Harvard Chan School.Researchers suggest that healthful plant-based diets could be lowering type 2 diabetes risk because such diets are high in fiber,antioxidants,unsaturated fatty acids,and micronutrients such as magnesium,and are low in saturated fat.Healthy plant foods may also be contributing to a healthy gut microbiome,they said.
The author's attitude towards refined grains is_____.

A.supportive
B.indifferent
C.negative
D.critical

Text 4 Consuming high-quality plant foods such as whole grains,fruits,vegetables,nuts and legumes may substantially lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes,researchers including one of Indian-origin have claimed."This study highlights that even moderate dietary changes in the direction of a healthful plant-based diet can play a significant role in the prevention of type 2 diabetes,"said Ambika Satija from Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health in the US."These findings provide further evidence to support current dietary recommendations for chronic disease prevention,"she said.While previous studies have found links between vegetarian diets and improved health outcomes,including reduced risk of type 2 diabetes,this new study is the first to make distinctions between healthy plant-based diets and less healthy ones that include things like sweetened foods and beverages,which may be detrimental for health.The study also considered the effect of including some animal foods in the diet.Researchers followed more than 200,000 male and female health professionals in the US for more than 20 years who had regularly filled out questionnaires on their diet,lifestyle,medical history,and ncw disease diagnoses as part of three large long-term studies.They evaluated participants'diets using a plant-based diet index in which they assigned plant-derived foods higher scores and animal-derived foods lower scores.The study found that high adherence to a plant-based diet that was low in animal foods was associated with a 20 percent reduced risk of type 2 diabetes compared with low adherence to such a diet,researchers said.Eating a healthy version of a plant-based diet was linked with a 34 per cent lower diabetes risk,while a less healthy version-including foods such as refrned grains,potatoes,and sugar-sweetened beverages-was linked with a 16 per cent increased risk,they said.Even modestly lowering animal food consumption-for example,from 5-6 servings per day to about 4 servings per day-was linked with lower diabetes incidence,the study found."A shift to a dietary pattern higher in healthful plant-based foods,such as vegetables,fruits,whole grains,legumes,nuts,and seeds,and lower in animal-based foods,especially red and processed meats,can confer substantial health benefits in reducing risk of type 2 diabetes,"said Frank Hu from Harvard Chan School.Researchers suggest that healthful plant-based diets could be lowering type 2 diabetes risk because such diets are high in fiber,antioxidants,unsaturated fatty acids,and micronutrients such as magnesium,and are low in saturated fat.Healthy plant foods may also be contributing to a healthy gut microbiome,they said
The study by Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health reveals that_____

A.people having type 2 diabetes should not eat grains but vegetables
B.type 2 diabetes is difficult to be prevented and cured
C.vegetarians will not get chronic diseases like type 2 diabetes
D.taking more vegetables will reduce the risk oftype 2 diabetes

共用题干
What Is Insulin-dependent Diabetes?
When you eat,your body takes the sugar from food and turns it into fuel.______(46)Your body uses glucose for energy,so it can do everything from breathing air to playing a video game.But glucose can't be used by the body on its own-it needs a hormone called insulin to bring it into the cells of the body.
Most people get the insulin they need from the pancreas,a large organ near the stomach?The pancreas makes insulin;insulin brings glucose into the cells;and the body gets the energy it needs.When a person has insulin一dependent diabetes,it's because the pancreas is not making insulin.So someone could be eating lots of food and getting all the glucose he needs,but without insulin,there is no way for the body to use the glucose for energy.______(47)
You may have heard older people talk about having diabetes,maybe people of your grandparents'age.Usually,this is a different kind of diabetes called non一insulin一dependent diabetes.It can also be called Type 2 diabetes,or adult-onset diabetes.______(48)
When a kid is diagnosed with juvenile(insulin-dependent)diabetes,he will have that type of diabetes for his whole life.It won't ever change to non-insulin-dependent diabetes when he gets older.
Scientists now think that a person who has juvenile diabetes was born with a certain gene or genes that made the person more likely to get the illness.______(49)
Many scientists believe that along with having certain genes,something else outside the person's body, like a viral infection,is necessary to set the diabetes in motion by affecting the cells in the pancreas that make insulin.
But the person must have the gene(or genes)for diabetes to start' out with一this means you can't get diabetes just from catching a flu,virus,or cold.And this type of diabetes isn't caused by eating too many sugary foods,either.Diabetes can take a long time to develop in a person's body-sometimes months or years?Another important thing to remember is that diabetes is not contagious.______(50)

______(47)
A:Genes are something that you inherit from your parents,and they are in your body even before you're born.
B:This sugar-fuel is called glucose?
C:It may be possible to beat insulin resistance through lifestyle changes.
D:You can't catch diabetes from people who have it,no matter how close you sit to them or if you kiss them.
E:The glucose can't get into the cells of the body without insulin.
F:When a person has this kind of diabetes,the pancreas usually can still make insulin,but the person's body needs more than the pancreas can make?