问答题Changes in the way people live bring about changes in the jobs that they do. More and morepeople live in towns and cities instead on farms and in villages.　　　　 1．____Cities and states have to provide services city people want, such like more police　　 2

Changes in the way people live bring about changes in the jobs that they do. More and morepeople live in towns and cities instead on farms and in villages.　　　　 1．____Cities and states have to provide services city people want, such like more police　　 2．____protection, more hospitals, and more schools. This means that more policemen,more nurses and technicians, and more teachers must be hired. Advances in technology has also changed people’s lives. Dishwashers and washing　　　　　　    　 3．____machines do jobs that were once done by the hand. The widespread use　　　　　    　　 4．____of such electrical appliances means that there is a need for servicemen tokeep it running properly.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　    　　　 　 5．____　　People are earning higher wages and salaries. This leads to changes in　 　　 　 　6．____the way of life. As income goes down, people may not want more food to　　　　     　　7．____eat or more clothes to wear. But they may want more and better care from doctors, dentists and hospitals. They are likely to travel more and to want more education. Nevertheless, many more jobs are available in these services.　　  　　8．____　　The government also affects the kind of works people do. The governments　　　　　 9．____of most countries spend huge sums of money for international defense. They hire　　  　10．____thousands of engineers, scientists, clerks, typists and secretaries to work on themany different aspects of defence.

Directions:In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summary below by choosing no more than three words from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.　　Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage.The City of the Future　　What will city life be like in the future? Some people think that life in the cities is going to be horrible. They predict that cities will become more and more crowded. As the number of people increases, there will be less space for each person. This overcrowding will cause other problems—more crime, dirtier streets, and worse problems with traffic than we have now. How will people find enough drinking water, energy (such as gas and electricity), and housing? Because life will be hard, people who live in cities will worry more, and they may become sick. For these reasons, some say that nobody will want to live in urban areas.　　How can we solve such problems as overcrowding, crime, and traffic? In some cities, thousands of people are already sleeping in the streets because there is so little suitable housing—and because rents are so high. The crime rate isn’t going down. Instead, it is increasing so fast that many people are afraid to go out at night. Traffic is also getting worse. More and more often, traffic jams are so bad that cars don’t move at all for several blocks. These urban problems have been getting worse, not better, so many people see no hope for the future of the city.　　Los Angeles, California, for instance, has no subway system and the buses are slow. Instead, most commuters drive many miles from their homes to work. Many of these drivers spend several hours each day on busy freeways. New York, by contrast, has a mass transit system—buses, commuter trains, and subways. Because the public transportation is crowded and dirty, however, many people drive private cars, and the traffic jams are worse than in Los Angeles.　　On the other hand, some cities have clean, fast, and pleasant public transportation systems. In Paris, France, and Toronto, Canada, for example, anyone can use mass transit to move quickly from one part of the city to another.　　The disadvantages of any modern city are not unique to that city—that is, cities all over the world have to solve the problems of traffic jams, crime, housing, energy, drinking water, and overcrowding. Yet many cities have found answers to one or more of these difficulties. Some European cities, such as Stockholm, Sweden, or London, England, have planned communities that provide people with apartments, jobs, shopping centers, green space, entertainment, and transportation. Many U.S. cities are rebuilding their downtown areas. Urban planners can learn from one another. They can try solutions that have been successful in other parts of the world.　　Summary:　　Some people think that life in the cities is going to be horrible. They say that cities will become more and more crowded and many other problems will be caused by this 　1　Due to the hard life, people do not want to live in 　2　These urban problems such as overcrowding, crime and traffic have been getting worse, so many people 　3　for the future of the city. However, these disadvantages of any modern city are not unique to that city. All the cities all over the world must solve the problems and fortunately, many of them have found answers to one or more of these difficulties. For example, 　4　or London has planned communities providing people with apartments, jobs and so on. Besides, many U. S. cities 　5　In a word, solutions that have been successful in a place should be adopted and tried in another place.

Changes in the way people live bring about changes in the jobs that they do.More and more people live in towns and cities instead on farms and in villages.　 (1)_______Cities and states have to provide services city people want, such like more　　　 (2)_______police protection, more hospitals, and more schools. This means that morepolicemen, more nurses and technicians, and more teachers must be hired.Advances in technology, has also changed people’s lives. Dishwashers and　　　　 (3) _______shing machines do jobs that were once done by the hand. The widespread use　　　  (4) _______of such electrical appliances means that there is a need for servicemen to keep it(5) _______running properly.　　People are earning higher wages and salaries. This leads changes in the way　 (6) _______of life. As income goes down, people may not want more food to eat or more　　　  (7) _______clothes to wear. But they may want more and better care from doctors, dentistsand hospitals. They are likely to travel more and to want more education.Nevertheless, many more jobs are available in these services.　　　　　　　　　   (8) _______　　The government also affects the kind of works people do. The governments　    (9) _______of most countries spend huge sums of money for international defense. They　　　 (10) _______hire thousands of engineers, scientists, clerks, typists and secretaries to work onthe many different aspects of defense.

练习14　　Research has also been done into the way people’s behavior changes in a number of small, apparently unimportant ways when they lie. It has been found that if they are sitting down at the same time, they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual.

According to the passage, what problem does Sao Paulo have?

By making some very simple changes at home, old people _____.

Practice 9　　In the United States most people are simultaneously consumers and producers; they are also voters who help influence the decisions of the government. The mixture among consumers, producers and government changes constantly, making a dynamic rather than a static economy. In the last decade consumers have made their concern known and government has responded by creating agencies to protect consumer interests and promote the general public welfare. In another development, the population and the labor force have moved dramatically from farms to cities, from the fields to the factories, and above all to service industries, thus providing more personal and public services. In today's economy these providers of services far outnumber producers of agricultural and manufactured goods.　　Generally, there are three kinds of businesses: (1) those started and managed personally by single owners or single entrepreneurs; (2) the partnership where two or more people share the risks and rewards of a business, and (3) the corporation where shareholders as owners can buy and sell their shares at any time on the open market. This latter structure, by far the most important, permits the amassing of large sums of money by combining investment of many people, making possible large-scale enterprises.