单选题The scientists have absolute freedom as to what research they think it best to_______A pursue B devote C adjust D engage

She tried her best to_______ the life there, but failed to make any _______.

A.adjust to; sense
B.adapt to; trouble
C.adapt to; effort
D.adjust to; difference

The US$3-million Fundamental physics prize is indeed an interesting experiment,as Alexander Polyakov said when he accepted this year’s award in March.And it is far from the only one of its type.As a News Feature article in Nature discusses,a string of lucrative awards for researchers have joined the Nobel Prizes in recent years.Many,like the Fundamental Physics Prize,are funded from the telephone-number-sized bank accounts of Internet entrepreneurs.These benefactors have succeeded in their chosen fields,they say,and they want to use their wealth to draw attention to those who have succeeded in science.What’s not to like?Quite a lot,according to a handful of scientists quoted in the News Feature.You cannot buy class,as the old saying goes,and these upstart entrepreneurs cannot buy their prizes the prestige of the Nobels,The new awards are an exercise in self-promotion for those behind them,say scientists.They could distort the achievement-based system of peer-review-led research.They could cement the status quo of peer-reviewed research.They do not fund peer-reviewed research.They perpetuate the myth of the lone genius.The goals of the prize-givers seem as scattered as the criticism.Some want to shock,others to draw people into science,or to better reward those who have made their careers in research.As Nature has pointed out before,there are some legitimate concerns about how science prizes—both new and old—are distributed.The Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences,launched this year,takes an unrepresentative view of what the life sciences include.But the Nobel Foundation’s limit of three recipients per prize,each of whom must still be living,has long been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modern research—as will be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs boson.The Nobels were,of course,themselves set up by a very rich individual who had decided what he wanted to do with his own money.Time,rather than intention,has given them legitimacy.As much as some scientists may complain about the new awards,two things seem clear.First,most researchers would accept such a prize if they were offered one.Second,it is surely a good thing that the money and attention come to science rather than go elsewhere,It is fair to criticize and question the mechanism—that is the culture of research,after all—but it is the prize-givers’money to do with as they please.It is wise to take such gifts with gratitude and grace.
The critics think that the new awards will most benefit

A.the profit-oriented scientists.
B.the founders of the new awards.
C.the achievement-based system.
D.peer-review-led research.

The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that__________.

A.scientists have found a way to prolong the period of clinical death
B.biological death occurs when vital organs have suffered permanent damage
C.modern scientists divide the process of dying into clinical and biological death
D.cooling delays the processes leading to biological death

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第三篇

Animal Testing Controversy

To paraphrase 18th-century statesman Edmund Burke,"All that is needed for the triumph of a misguided cause is that good people do nothing." One such cause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals have rights ruling out their use in research.Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates,whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care.Leaders of the animal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on public funding,and few people understand the process of health care research.Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in research settings,many are perplexed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal.
For example,a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or is animals一no meat,no fur,no medicines.Asked if she opposed immunizations,she wanted to know if vaccines come from animal research.When assured that they do,she replied,"Then I would have to say yes."Asked what will happen when epidemics return,she said,"Don't worry,scientists will find some way of using computers."Such well-meaning people just don't understand.
Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate,understandable way一in human terms,not in the language of molecular biology.We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmother's hip replacement,a father's bypass operation,a baby's vaccinations,and even a pet's shots.To those who are unaware that animal research was nee-- ded to produce these treatments,as well as new treatments and vaccines,animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.
Much can be done.Scientists could"adopt"middle school classes and present their own re-search.They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor,lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth.Research institutions could be opened to tours,to show that laboratory animals receive humane care.Finally,because the ultimate stakeholders are patients,the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper,who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research,but all who receive medical treatment.If good people do nothing there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the precious embers of medical progress.

From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is________.
A:a well-known humanist
B:a medical practitioner
C:an enthusiast in animal rights
D:a supporter of animal research

Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night,no matter what we（ ）during the day.

A.should have done
B.would have done
C.may have done
D.must have done

I cannot think of anything ________happened that day which I would have wished otherwise.

A. which
B. who
C. that
D. what

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第三篇

Citizen Scientists

Understanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle events一
flowering,the appearance of leaves and the first frog calls of the spring一all around the world.But ecologists
can't be everywhere so they're turning to non-scientists,sometimes called citizen scientists,for help.
Climate scientists are not present everywhere.Because there are so many places in the world and not
enough scientists to observe all of them,they're asking for your help in observing signs of climate change
across the world.The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific

research interest一birds,trees,flowers budding,etc.and send their observations to a giant database to be
observed by professional scientists.This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they
would never be able to gather on their own.Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a
hyper-local beat,citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live in.All that's needed to become
one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send them in.
A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Phenology
Network."Phenology"is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.
One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant
flowering and leafing eveiy year.The program,called Project BudBurst,collects life cycle data on a variety of
common plants from across the United States.People participating in the project一which is open to every-
one一record their observations on the Project BudBurst website.
"People don't have to be plant experts一they just have to look around and see what's in their neighbor-
hood,"says Jennifer Schwartz,an education consultant with the project."As we collect these data,we'll be
able to make an estimate of how plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the climate
changes."

What are citizen scientists asked to do?
A:To develop a specific research interest and become professional scientists.
B:To send their research observations to a professional database.
C:To increase their knowledge about climate change.
D:To keep a record of their research observations.

共用题干
第三篇

Animal Testing Controversy

To paraphrase 18th-century statesman Edmund Burke,"All that is needed for the triumph of a misguided cause is that good people do nothing." One such cause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals have rights ruling out their use in research.Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates,whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care.Leaders of the animal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on public funding,and few people understand the process of health care research.Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in research settings,many are perplexed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal.
For example,a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or is animals一no meat,no fur,no medicines.Asked if she opposed immunizations,she wanted to know if vaccines come from animal research.When assured that they do,she replied,"Then I would have to say yes."Asked what will happen when epidemics return,she said,"Don't worry,scientists will find some way of using computers."Such well-meaning people just don't understand.
Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate,understandable way一in human terms,not in the language of molecular biology.We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmother's hip replacement,a father's bypass operation,a baby's vaccinations,and even a pet's shots.To those who are unaware that animal research was nee-- ded to produce these treatments,as well as new treatments and vaccines,animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.
Much can be done.Scientists could"adopt"middle school classes and present their own re-search.They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor,lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth.Research institutions could be opened to tours,to show that laboratory animals receive humane care.Finally,because the ultimate stakeholders are patients,the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper,who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research,but all who receive medical treatment.If good people do nothing there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the precious embers of medical progress.

Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is________.
A:cruel but natural
B:inhuman and unacceptable
C:inevitable but vicious
D:pointless and wasteful