单选题Mo Yan’s winning of the Nobel Prize is ______ encouragement for China’s literature and ______ nation’s young writers.A the; anB an; theC a; theD the; a
题目
单选题
Mo Yan’s winning of the Nobel Prize is ______ encouragement for China’s literature and ______ nation’s young writers.
A
the; an
B
an; the
C
a; the
D
the; a
相似考题
更多“Mo Yan’s winning of the Nobel Prize is ______ encouragement”相关问题
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第1题：
dr wang is a well－known scientist and __________he has won the nobel prize.A. not all all
B. after all
C. in genera
D. above all
参考答案：D
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第2题：
Which of the following statements about writers in 1920s is true?A.Mark Twain published his last and most important novel.
B.F.Scott Fitzgerald received the Nobel Prize.
C.Freudian psychology influenced many modern writers.
D.Most writers were politically radical.
正确答案：C
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第3题：
Mo Yan is ______ Nobel Prize.
A: famous as
B: famous for
C: famous to
D: famous of
参考答案：B
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第4题：
of winning the prize. What were better, I had useful 81______
正确答案：
81. were改为was -
第5题：
You don't know what you've got till it's gone,Joni Mitchell rold us.So now that the 2018 Nobel Prize in Literature will be postponed-it seems worth asking what,exactly,the prize gives us.For decades,the choices of the Swedish Academy have failed to provoke much interest from American publishers and readers.This i.s not just because American readers are resistant to fiction in translation,as publishers often complain.On the contrary,over the last two decades,many foreign writers have made a major impact on American literature.But then,the failure of the Swedish Academy to reflect the actual judgment of literary history is nothing new.If you drew a Venn diagram showing the winners of the Nobel Prize in one circle and the most influential and widely read 20th-century writers in the other,their area of overlap would be surprisingly small.Does this mean that a different group of critics and professors in a bigger,more diverse country woulcl have done a better job at picking the winners?Very possibly.In the mind of the general public,the Nobel basically descends from the sky to bless the winner.But it is nothing more or less than the decision of a particular group of readers,with their own strengths and weaknesses.And the problem with the Nobel Prize in Literature goes deeper.No matter who is in the room where it happens,the Nobel Prize is based on the idea that merit can best be determined by a small group of specialists.This may make sense for the prizes in the sciences,since those fields are less than penetrable to anyone but fellow practitioners.Even in the sciences,however,there is a growing sense that the tradition of awarding the prize to just one or two people distoris the way modern science is actually practiced today:Most important discoveries are the work of teams,not of individual geniuses brooding in isolation.Literature is at least produced by individual authors;but in this case,the Nobel's reliance on seemingly expert judgment runs into a different problem.For literature is not addressed to an audience of experts;it is open to the judgment of every reader.Nor is literature proZressive,with new discoveries replacing old ones:Homer is just as groundbreaking today as he was 2,500 years ago.This makes it impossible to rank literary works according to an objective standard of superiority.Good criticism helps people to find the books that will speak to them,but it doesn't attempt to simply name"the most outstanding work,"in the way the Nobel Prize does.A book earns the status of a classic,not because it is approved by a committee or put on a syllabus,but simply because a lot of people like it for a long time.Literary reputation can only emerge on the free market,not through central planning.
It's implied that the Swedish Academy fails toA.see the value of non-English novels.
B.arouse the passion of worldwide readers.
C.recognize many historically great writers.
D.expand the influence of American literature.答案：C解析：由题干关键词the Swedish Academy和fails to锁定至第二段。该段④⑤句指出，瑞典文学院未能反映出文学历史的真实评判——上世纪最具影响力、读者群最广的作家中，只有少数获过诺贝尔文学奖。由此可知，瑞典文学院未能对许多历史上伟大的作家给予认可，C.正确。[解题技巧]A.与“美国读者对诺贝尔文学奖不太感兴趣，这并非仅仅因为他们抗拒翻译小说”隐藏文意“诺奖大多颁发给非英语小说”相反．D.则由这一隐藏文意过度推导出“未能扩大英语文学（包括美国文学）的影响”。B.将“诺贝尔文学奖未能唤起美国读者热情”夸大为“未能唤起全世界读者热情”。 -
第6题：
共用题干
Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel
Prize Announcements
Two scientists who have won praise for research into the growth of cancer cells could be candidates for the Nobel Prize in medicine when the 2008 winners are presented on Monday,kicking off six days of Nobel announcements.
Australian-born U.S.citizen Elizabeth Blackburn and American Carol Greider have already won a series of medical honors for their enzyme research and experts say they could be among the front-runners for a Nobel.
Only seven women have won the medicine prize since the first Nobel'Prizes were handed out in 1901 .The last female winner was U .S .researcher Linda Buck in 2004,who shared the prize with Richard Axel.
Among the pair's possible rivals are Frenchman Pierre Chambon and Americans Ronald Evans and Elwood Jensen,who opened up the field of studying proteins called nuclear hormone receptors.
As usual,the award committee is giving no hints about who is in the running before presenting its decision in a news conference at Stockholm's Karolinska Institute.
Alfred Nobel,the Swede who invented dynamite,established the prizes in his will in the categories of medicine,physics,chemistry,literature and peace.The economics prize is technically not a Nobel but a 1968 creation of Sweden's central bank.
Nobel left few instructions on how to select winners,but medicine winners are typically awarded for a specific breakthrough rather than a body of research.
Hans Jornvall,secretary of the medicine prize committee,said the 10 million kronor(US$ 1.3 million)prize encourages groundbreaking research but he did not think winning it was the primary goal for scientists.
“Individual researchers probably don't look at themselves as potential Nobel Prize winners when they're at work,”Jornvall told The Associated Press.“They get their kicks from their research and their interest in how life functions.”
In 2006,Blackburn,of the University of California,San Francisco,and Greider,of Johns
Hopkins University in Baltimore,shared the Lasker prize for basic medical research with Jack
Szostak of Harvard Medical School. Their work set the stage for research suggesting that cancer cells use telomerase to sustain their uncontrolled growth.The word“kicks”in line 6 from the bottom probably means_______.
A: knowledge
B: motivation
C: income
D: excitement答案：D解析：从短文的前四段可以看出，只有2004年获得诺贝尔医学奖的Linda Buck不在今年的候选人范围内。
短文的第七段说到，对于如何选拔获奖者诺贝尔并没有多少交代。
短文的第六段说到，诺贝尔奖在设立时并没有经济学奖项。
从上下文不难看出，科学家搞研究的主要目的不是为了获奖，他们从其所从事的研究以及生命运行的兴趣中获得很大快感。
短文的最后一句话表明，研究显示癌细胞利用端粒酶来支持其无限增殖，而这几位科学家的工作为这种研究打下了基础。 -
第7题：
共用题干
Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel
Prize Announcements
Two scientists who have won praise for research into the growth of cancer cells could be candidates for the Nobel Prize in medicine when the 2008 winners are presented on Monday,kicking off six days of Nobel announcements.
Australian-born U.S.citizen Elizabeth Blackburn and American Carol Greider have already won a series of medical honors for their enzyme research and experts say they could be among the front-runners for a Nobel.
Only seven women have won the medicine prize since the first Nobel'Prizes were handed out in 1901 .The last female winner was U .S .researcher Linda Buck in 2004,who shared the prize with Richard Axel.
Among the pair's possible rivals are Frenchman Pierre Chambon and Americans Ronald Evans and Elwood Jensen,who opened up the field of studying proteins called nuclear hormone receptors.
As usual,the award committee is giving no hints about who is in the running before presenting its decision in a news conference at Stockholm's Karolinska Institute.
Alfred Nobel,the Swede who invented dynamite,established the prizes in his will in the categories of medicine,physics,chemistry,literature and peace.The economics prize is technically not a Nobel but a 1968 creation of Sweden's central bank.
Nobel left few instructions on how to select winners,but medicine winners are typically awarded for a specific breakthrough rather than a body of research.
Hans Jornvall,secretary of the medicine prize committee,said the 10 million kronor(US$ 1.3 million)prize encourages groundbreaking research but he did not think winning it was the primary goal for scientists.
“Individual researchers probably don't look at themselves as potential Nobel Prize winners when they're at work,”Jornvall told The Associated Press.“They get their kicks from their research and their interest in how life functions.”
In 2006,Blackburn,of the University of California,San Francisco,and Greider,of Johns
Hopkins University in Baltimore,shared the Lasker prize for basic medical research with Jack
Szostak of Harvard Medical School. Their work set the stage for research suggesting that cancer cells use telomerase to sustain their uncontrolled growth.Which is NOT true of Alfred Nobel?
A: He was from Sweden.
B: He was the inventor of dynamite.
C: He established the prizes in his will.
D: He gave clear instructions on how to select winners.答案：D解析：从短文的前四段可以看出，只有2004年获得诺贝尔医学奖的Linda Buck不在今年的候选人范围内。
短文的第七段说到，对于如何选拔获奖者诺贝尔并没有多少交代。
短文的第六段说到，诺贝尔奖在设立时并没有经济学奖项。
从上下文不难看出，科学家搞研究的主要目的不是为了获奖，他们从其所从事的研究以及生命运行的兴趣中获得很大快感。
短文的最后一句话表明，研究显示癌细胞利用端粒酶来支持其无限增殖，而这几位科学家的工作为这种研究打下了基础。 -
第8题：
Which was NOT originally one of the Nobel Prizes?A The medicine prize. B The literature prize. C The peace prize. D The economics prize.答案：D解析： -
第9题：
诺贝尔奖（Nobel Prize）创立于（）
- A、1901年
- B、1905年
- C、1910年
- D、1912年
正确答案:A -
第10题：
单选题Mo Yan is one of ______ writers in the world.Afamous
Bmore famous
Cmost famous
Dthe most famous
正确答案： D解析：
句意：莫言是世界上最著名的作家之一。本题考查形容词比较等级的用法。这里没有比较对象。所以用最高级，由“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”可知the most famous符合题意。因此选D项。 -
第11题：
单选题_____ is awarded the 2013 Nobel Prize in Literature for her work as “master of the modern short story”, and the 2009 Man Booker International Prize for her lifetime body of work.AAlice Munro
BHelen Keller
CJ. K. Rowing
DAnne Frank
正确答案： B解析：
Alice Munro（爱丽丝·门罗）为加拿大女作家，被誉为“加拿大的契诃夫”。2009年5月，爱丽丝·门罗以其作品一贯的极高水准和在全球的巨大影响，荣获第3届布克国际文学奖。2013年她获得了诺贝尔文学奖，瑞典学院给出的颁奖词是：“当代短篇文学小说大师”。其代表作品为Dance of the happy shades（《快乐影子之舞》）、Runaway（《逃离》）、The view from Castle Rock（《石城远望》）。 -
第12题：
单选题Saul Bellow,a Canadian-born American writer, is another writing intended for another Nobel Prize for Literature.Aoccupied with
Bcredited with
Cconfined to
Dglued to
正确答案： D解析： -
第13题：
He was _________ for the Nobel Prize for literature several times and finally won it.A、shortlisted
B、combated
C、struggled
D、enlisted
参考答案：A
-
第14题：
A Nobel Prize is considered by most people one of the highest international honors a person can receive. As you know, the prizes were started by a Swede called Alfred Nobel. Alfred Nobel was born in Stockholm, the capital of Sweden, and lived from 1833 to1896. Alfred Nobel was a chemist and inventor. He made two important inventions. And so he became very rich. Although he was rich, Nobel was not a happy man. He never married nor had children. Also, he was a sick man in a large part of his life. Nobel died at the age of sixty-three. When he died, he left a fund 基金) of $9,000, 000. The money was to be used in giving prizes to those who made outstanding achievements in physics, chemistry, medicine, literature and the promotion 促进)of world peace. The first Nobel Prizes were given on December 10th, 1901, five years after Nobel’s death. Many famous people from all over the world have been given Nobel Prizes for their achievements. Albert Einstein was one of them. Each Prize has three parts. The first part is a gold medal. Second, a winner of a Nobel Prize is given a diploma(证书)saying that he has been given the Prize. The third part of the prize is a large amount of money—about $40, 000. Often a Prize is given to just one person, but not always. Sometimes, a Prize is shared. It may be given to two or three people who have worked together. Sometimes a Prize is not given at all if there is no outstanding achievement. In 1972, for example, no Nobel Peace Prize was given. It is the Nobel Foundation in Stockholm that decides whether to give the Prize or not
1.Most people think that the Nobel Prize is __________ a person can receive.
A、 the highest honor in the world
B、 one of the highest international honors
C、 a higher honor than others
D、 as high as any other honor
2.Alfred Nobel who started the Nobel Prize was __________
A、 a rich, happy and lucky man
B、 a poor, unhappy and unlucky man
C、 a poor, but happy and lucky man
D、 a rich, unhappy and unlucky man
3.A Nobel Prize is made up of _________
A、 a gold medal and a large amount of money
B、 a gold medal and a diploma
C、 a gold medal and a diploma and a large amount of money
D、 a diploma and a large amount of money
4.A Nobel Prize is given to __________ each year.
A、 just one person
B、 one person
C、 not always one person
D、 three persons
5.When he died, Nobel left an amount of money __________
A、 to his wife and his children
B、 to the university he used to study in
C、 to his parents and his students
D、 to be spend on setting five prizes
参考答案：BDCCD -
第15题：
The only dramatist ever to win a Nobel Prize was ___________.
A、Bernard Shaw
B、Eugene O’Neil
C、Richard Brinsley Sheridan
D、William Shakespeare
参考答案：B
-
第16题：
You don't know what you've got till it's gone,Joni Mitchell rold us.So now that the 2018 Nobel Prize in Literature will be postponed-it seems worth asking what,exactly,the prize gives us.For decades,the choices of the Swedish Academy have failed to provoke much interest from American publishers and readers.This i.s not just because American readers are resistant to fiction in translation,as publishers often complain.On the contrary,over the last two decades,many foreign writers have made a major impact on American literature.But then,the failure of the Swedish Academy to reflect the actual judgment of literary history is nothing new.If you drew a Venn diagram showing the winners of the Nobel Prize in one circle and the most influential and widely read 20th-century writers in the other,their area of overlap would be surprisingly small.Does this mean that a different group of critics and professors in a bigger,more diverse country woulcl have done a better job at picking the winners?Very possibly.In the mind of the general public,the Nobel basically descends from the sky to bless the winner.But it is nothing more or less than the decision of a particular group of readers,with their own strengths and weaknesses.And the problem with the Nobel Prize in Literature goes deeper.No matter who is in the room where it happens,the Nobel Prize is based on the idea that merit can best be determined by a small group of specialists.This may make sense for the prizes in the sciences,since those fields are less than penetrable to anyone but fellow practitioners.Even in the sciences,however,there is a growing sense that the tradition of awarding the prize to just one or two people distoris the way modern science is actually practiced today:Most important discoveries are the work of teams,not of individual geniuses brooding in isolation.Literature is at least produced by individual authors;but in this case,the Nobel's reliance on seemingly expert judgment runs into a different problem.For literature is not addressed to an audience of experts;it is open to the judgment of every reader.Nor is literature proZressive,with new discoveries replacing old ones:Homer is just as groundbreaking today as he was 2,500 years ago.This makes it impossible to rank literary works according to an objective standard of superiority.Good criticism helps people to find the books that will speak to them,but it doesn't attempt to simply name"the most outstanding work,"in the way the Nobel Prize does.A book earns the status of a classic,not because it is approved by a committee or put on a syllabus,but simply because a lot of people like it for a long time.Literary reputation can only emerge on the free market,not through central planning.
Which of the following is true of the Nobel Prize in Literature according to Para.3?A.Its judges are narrow-minded.
B.lts value is overstated by the public.
C.Its decision is interfered by amateurs.
D.Its rewards for the winners are falling.答案：B解析：第三段③句先指出公众对诺贝尔文学奖的看法“犹如一道圣光”，④句随后做出点评“事实上，该奖项不过是某一特定读者群的决定，这些读者各有其优缺点”。可见，作者意欲指出该奖项的评委能力有限，其价值（含金量）被公众高估,B.正确。[解题技巧]A.由①②句“要是换做来自一个更大、更多元化的国家的评委，决定可能更好”主观臆断出“当前评委（因背景不够多元而）目光狭隘”，而但却忽视文意中的不确定性“未必如此”。C.将④句“特定读者（指代评委这类有专业资质的读者）”曲解为“业余人士”，进而得出“奖项决定受到业余人士的干扰”。D.由③句单个词汇bless、descends捏造，原文并未谈及诺奖对获奖者的好处／回报是否减少。 -
第17题：
共用题干
Teaching and Learning Medicine Award
Two scientists who have won praise for research into the growth of cancer cells could be candidates for the Nobel Prize in medicine when the 2008 winners are presented on Monday,kicking off six days of Nobel announcements.
Australian-born U.S.citizen Elizabeth Blackburn and American Carol Greider have already won a Series of medical______(51)for their enzyme（酶）research and experts say they could be among the front-runners for a Nobel.
Only seven women have______(52)the medicine prize since the first Nobel Prizes were______(53) out in 1901.The last female winner was U.S.researcher Linda Buck in 2004,who______(54)the prize with Richard Axel.
Among the pair's possible______(55)are Frenchman Pierre Chambon and Americans Ronald Evans and Elwood Jensen,who______(56)up the field of studying proteins called nuclear hormone receptors（核激素受体）.
As usual,the award committee is giving no______(57)about who is in the running before presenting its decision in a news conference at Stockholm's Karolinska Institute.
Alfred Nobel,the Swede who______(58)dynamite（炸药）,established the prizes in his will in the ______(59)of medicine,physics,chemistry,literature and peace.The economics prize is technically not a Nobel but a 1968 creation of Sweden's central bank.
Nobel left few instructions on how to______(60)winners,but medicine winners are typically______(61)for a specific breakthrough rather than a body of research.
Hans Jornvall , secretary of the medicine prize committee , said the 10 million kronor（瑞典克朗）prize encourages______(62)research but he did not think winning it was the primary goal for scientists."Individual researchers probably don't______(63)at themselves as potential Nobel Prize winners when they,re______(64)work,"Jornvall told the Associated Press-They get their kicks from their research and their interest in how life______(65)."60._________
A:find
B:select
C:locate
D:search答案：B解析：由此空之前的动词won可知，此处应填与奖项、荣誉等有关的内容，故选D。
由此空之后的宾语prize可知，此处的谓语应用动词win，故选C。
handout意思是“分发”，符合句意。shoutout大声宣布；readout读出；deliver不能和out搭配。
该句的内容是表示两个人共同获得了一个奖项，用share…with…结构，表示“和……分享”。
此处表示诺贝尔奖项的两组竞争者，故用单词rival，意思是“竞争者”。match相配的人，对手；counterpart职位或作用相当的人或物；partner搭档。
backup意为“支持”;openup意为“开发，打开”;pickup意为“捡起”;workup意为“逐步发展”。此处表示开发了一项对新领域的研究，故选B。
hint的意思为“线索”，符合文意。proposal提议，建议；suggestion建议，意见；idea主意，想法。
诺贝尔是炸药的发明者。故本题选C。
此空之后的内容列举的是诺贝尔奖项的几种类型，故此处应填category，意为“类型”。
select的意思为“选择”，此处指选出获奖者，符合文意。find发现，找出；locate定位；search搜索。
根据前文内容可知，此处表达的是获得医学诺贝尔奖的条件，故选award，意为“授予，判定”。send发送，派遣；invite邀请；demand要求，需要。
groundbreaking意为“开创性的，突破性的”，诺贝尔奖奖励的是有突破性的研究，符合文意。ordinary一般的；historical历史的；ongoing不间断的，进行的。
lookat除了有“看”的意思外，还可以表示“看待，考虑”，在此处符合文意。regard不能和at搭配使用;laughat嘲笑；smileat朝……微笑。
表达“在工作中”要用atwork的搭配，故选D。
本句话的意思为“他们从研究以及对生命如何运转的好奇中得到乐趣，此处用function符合文意。mean意味着；pass穿过，过去；rise上升。 -
第18题：
共用题干
Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel
Prize Announcements
Two scientists who have won praise for research into the growth of cancer cells could be candidates for the Nobel Prize in medicine when the 2008 winners are presented on Monday,kicking off six days of Nobel announcements.
Australian-born U.S.citizen Elizabeth Blackburn and American Carol Greider have already won a series of medical honors for their enzyme research and experts say they could be among the front-runners for a Nobel.
Only seven women have won the medicine prize since the first Nobel'Prizes were handed out in 1901 .The last female winner was U .S .researcher Linda Buck in 2004,who shared the prize with Richard Axel.
Among the pair's possible rivals are Frenchman Pierre Chambon and Americans Ronald Evans and Elwood Jensen,who opened up the field of studying proteins called nuclear hormone receptors.
As usual,the award committee is giving no hints about who is in the running before presenting its decision in a news conference at Stockholm's Karolinska Institute.
Alfred Nobel,the Swede who invented dynamite,established the prizes in his will in the categories of medicine,physics,chemistry,literature and peace.The economics prize is technically not a Nobel but a 1968 creation of Sweden's central bank.
Nobel left few instructions on how to select winners,but medicine winners are typically awarded for a specific breakthrough rather than a body of research.
Hans Jornvall,secretary of the medicine prize committee,said the 10 million kronor(US$ 1.3 million)prize encourages groundbreaking research but he did not think winning it was the primary goal for scientists.
“Individual researchers probably don't look at themselves as potential Nobel Prize winners when they're at work,”Jornvall told The Associated Press.“They get their kicks from their research and their interest in how life functions.”
In 2006,Blackburn,of the University of California,San Francisco,and Greider,of Johns
Hopkins University in Baltimore,shared the Lasker prize for basic medical research with Jack
Szostak of Harvard Medical School. Their work set the stage for research suggesting that cancer cells use telomerase to sustain their uncontrolled growth.Who is NOT a likely candidate for this year's Nobel Prize in medicine?
A:Pierre Chambon.
B: Linda Buck.
C: Carol Greider.
D: Elizabeth Blackburn.答案：B解析：从短文的前四段可以看出，只有2004年获得诺贝尔医学奖的Linda Buck不在今年的候选人范围内。
短文的第七段说到，对于如何选拔获奖者诺贝尔并没有多少交代。
短文的第六段说到，诺贝尔奖在设立时并没有经济学奖项。
从上下文不难看出，科学家搞研究的主要目的不是为了获奖，他们从其所从事的研究以及生命运行的兴趣中获得很大快感。
短文的最后一句话表明，研究显示癌细胞利用端粒酶来支持其无限增殖，而这几位科学家的工作为这种研究打下了基础。 -
第19题：
Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel Prize Announcements【诺贝尔奖的公布从医学奖开始】
Two scientists who have won praise for research into the growth of cancer cells could be candidates for the Nobel Prize in medicine when the 2008 winners are presented on Monday, kicking off six days of Nobel announcements.
Australian-born U. S. citizen Elizabeth Blackburn and American Carol Greider have already won a series of medical honors for their enzyme research and experts say they could be among the front-runners for a Nobel.
Only seven women have won the medicine prize since the first Nobel Prizes were handed out in 1901. The last female winner was U. S. researcher Linda Buck in 2004, who shared the prize with Richard Axel.
Among the pair's possible rivals are Frenchman Pierre Chambon and Americans Ronald Evans and Elwood Jensen, who opened up the field of studying proteins called nuclear hormone receptors.
As usual, the award committee is giving no hints about who is in the running before presenting its decision in a news conference at Stockholm's Karolinska Institute.
Alfred Nobel, the Swede who invented dynamite, established the prizes in his will in the categories of medicine, physics, chemistry,, literature and peace. The economics prize is technically not a Nobel but a 1968 creation of Sweden's central bank.
Nobel left few instructions on how to select winners, but medicine winners are typically awarded for a specific breakthrough rather than a body of research.
Hans Jornvall, secretary of the medicine prize committee, said the 10 million kronor ( US $1.3 million. prize encourages groundbreaking research but he did not think winning it was the primary goal for scientists.
"Individual researchers probably don't look at themselves as potential Nobel Prize winners when they're at work," Jornvall told The Associated Press. "They get their kicks from their research and their interest in how life functions."
In 2006, Blackburn, of the University of California, San Francisco, and Greider, of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, shared the Lasker prize for basic medical research with Jack Szostak of Harvard Medical School. Their work set the stage for research suggesting that cancer cells use telomerase to sustain their uncontrolled growth.
文章(31~35)
Who is NOT a likely candidate for this year's Nobel Prize in medicine?A Elizabeth Blackburn. B Carol Greider . C Linda Buck. D Pierre Chambon.答案：C解析： -
第20题：
共用题干
Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel
Prize Announcements
Two scientists who have won praise for research into the growth of cancer cells could be candidates for the Nobel Prize in medicine when the 2008 winners are presented on Monday,kicking off six days of Nobel announcements.
Australian-born U.S.citizen Elizabeth Blackburn and American Carol Greider have already won a series of medical honors for their enzyme research and experts say they could be among the front-runners for a Nobel.
Only seven women have won the medicine prize since the first Nobel'Prizes were handed out in 1901 .The last female winner was U .S .researcher Linda Buck in 2004,who shared the prize with Richard Axel.
Among the pair's possible rivals are Frenchman Pierre Chambon and Americans Ronald Evans and Elwood Jensen,who opened up the field of studying proteins called nuclear hormone receptors.
As usual,the award committee is giving no hints about who is in the running before presenting its decision in a news conference at Stockholm's Karolinska Institute.
Alfred Nobel,the Swede who invented dynamite,established the prizes in his will in the categories of medicine,physics,chemistry,literature and peace.The economics prize is technically not a Nobel but a 1968 creation of Sweden's central bank.
Nobel left few instructions on how to select winners,but medicine winners are typically awarded for a specific breakthrough rather than a body of research.
Hans Jornvall,secretary of the medicine prize committee,said the 10 million kronor(US$ 1.3 million)prize encourages groundbreaking research but he did not think winning it was the primary goal for scientists.
“Individual researchers probably don't look at themselves as potential Nobel Prize winners when they're at work,”Jornvall told The Associated Press.“They get their kicks from their research and their interest in how life functions.”
In 2006,Blackburn,of the University of California,San Francisco,and Greider,of Johns
Hopkins University in Baltimore,shared the Lasker prize for basic medical research with Jack
Szostak of Harvard Medical School. Their work set the stage for research suggesting that cancer cells use telomerase to sustain their uncontrolled growth.Which was NOT originally one of the Nobel Prizes?
A: The medicine prize.
B:.The literature prize.
C:.The peace prize.
D: The economics prize.答案：D解析：从短文的前四段可以看出，只有2004年获得诺贝尔医学奖的Linda Buck不在今年的候选人范围内。
短文的第七段说到，对于如何选拔获奖者诺贝尔并没有多少交代。
短文的第六段说到，诺贝尔奖在设立时并没有经济学奖项。
从上下文不难看出，科学家搞研究的主要目的不是为了获奖，他们从其所从事的研究以及生命运行的兴趣中获得很大快感。
短文的最后一句话表明，研究显示癌细胞利用端粒酶来支持其无限增殖，而这几位科学家的工作为这种研究打下了基础。 -
第21题：
单选题1t was______he had made such great contributions to world peace that he won the Nobel Prize for Peace.Athat
Bbecause
Chow
Dwhy
正确答案： A解析： -
第22题：
单选题— Excuse me, is there ______ book by Mo Yan?— Yes. It’s on ______ bookshelf over there.Aa; /
Ba; the
C/;the
Dthe; a
正确答案： A解析：
句意：——请问有莫言的书吗?——有，在那边的书架上。本题考查冠词的用法。第一个空泛指莫言书中的任意一本，所以用a修饰。第二个空，特指说话双方都明确知道的那边的书架，所以填定冠词the，故选B项。 -
第23题：
单选题—It’s said that Mo Yan’s speech was wonderful.—That’s true. We clapped our hands ______ many times during his speech yesterday.Aexcited
Bexcitedly
Cexciting
Dexcitingly
正确答案： D解析：
句意：—据说莫言的演讲很棒。—是的。昨天他演讲的时候我们兴奋地鼓了很多次掌。本题考查副词的用法。此处要填入一个副词来修饰动词clapped，A、C项都是形容词，故可先排除。因为主语是We，故应填入的副词是修饰人的excitedly“兴奋地，兴冲冲地”。excitingly修饰物，表示“使人兴奋地，令人激动地”。