单选题Which is not the reason related to the shrinking of the world’s freshwater reserves ______.A Climate change.B Poor sanitation.C Pollution.D Population growth.
题目
单选题
Which is not the reason related to the shrinking of the world’s freshwater reserves ______.
A
Climate change.
B
Poor sanitation.
C
Pollution.
D
Population growth.
相似考题
参考答案和解析
正确答案：
C
解析：
根据录音首句提到的“The world’s freshwater reserves are shrinking due to pollution, climate change and population growth…”，可见世界上淡水储量减少的原因包括污染、气候变化和人口增长，不包括poor sanitation（卫生条件差）。
【录音原文】
The world’s freshwater reserves are shrinking due to pollution, climate change and population growth, according to a United Nations report presented this week at the World Water Forum in Kyoto. In the next 20 years, the average amount of water available for each person worldwide will drop by one-third. By mid-century, anywhere from 2-7 billion people-out of a projected global population of 9.3 billion-will experience water scarcity.
根据录音首句提到的“The world’s freshwater reserves are shrinking due to pollution, climate change and population growth…”，可见世界上淡水储量减少的原因包括污染、气候变化和人口增长，不包括poor sanitation（卫生条件差）。
【录音原文】
The world’s freshwater reserves are shrinking due to pollution, climate change and population growth, according to a United Nations report presented this week at the World Water Forum in Kyoto. In the next 20 years, the average amount of water available for each person worldwide will drop by one-third. By mid-century, anywhere from 2-7 billion people-out of a projected global population of 9.3 billion-will experience water scarcity.
更多“单选题Which is not the reason related to the shrinking of the world’s freshwater reserves ______.A Climate change.B Poor sanitation.C Pollution.D Population growth.”相关问题
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第1题：
which of the following helped to increase the population of australia significantly?
A. The World War II.
B. The gold rush.
C. The minimum wage.
D. The long wool boom.
参考答案：B
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第2题：
In the author's opinion, __.
A. developing countries should be responsible for environmental problems
B. overpopulation in the world is created by the developed countries
C. rich countries exercise worse influence on environment than poor countries
D. all countries should bring the population growth under control
正确答案：C
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第3题：
共用题干
Renewable Energy Sources
Today petroleum provides around 40%of the world's energy needs,mostly fuelling automobiles .Coal is still used,mostly in power stations,to cover one-quarter of our energy needs,but it is the least efficient,unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel.Natural gas reserves could plug some of the gap from oil,but reserves of that will not last into the 22nd century either.
Most experts predict we will exhaust easily accessible reserves within 50 years.We could fasi reach an energy crisis.We need to rapidly develop sustainable solutions to fuel our future.Lesspolluting renewable energy sources offer a more practical long-term energy solution.They may benefit the world's poor too."Renewable"refers to the fact that these resources are not used faster than they can be replaced.
The Chinese and Romans used watermills over 2,000 years ago. But the first hydroelectric dam was built in England in 1870.Hydroelectric power is now the most common form of renewable energy,supplying around 20%of world electricity. China's Three Gorges Dam,which has just been completed,is the largest ever. At five times the size of the US's Hoover Dam,its 26 turbines will generate the equivalent energy of 1 8 coal-fired power stations.It will satisfy 3%of China's entire electricity demand.Surprisingly,some argue that hydroelectric dams significantly contribute green- house gases.
In 2003,the first commercial power station to harness tidal currents in the open sea opened in Norway .It is designed like windmill,but others take the form of turbines.
As prices fall,wind power has become the fastest growing type of electricity generation-quadrupling worldwide between 1999 and 2005 .Modern wind farms consist of turbines that gener- ate electricity.Though it will be more expensive,there is more than enough wind to provide the world's entire energy needs. Wind farms come in onshore and offshore forms.They can often end up at spots of natural beauty,and are often unpopular with residents.And turbines are not totally benignthey can interfere with radar and leave a significant ecological footprint,altering climate and killing sea birds.Migrating birds may have more luck avoiding them.Scotland is building
Europe's largest wind farm,which will power 200,000 homes.The UK's goal is to generate one- fifth of power from renewable sources,mainly wind,by 2020 .But this may cause problems,be- cause wind is unreliable.Which of the following statements is true of wind power?
A: There is plenty of wind to provide the world's entire energy needs.
B: It is the most rapidly growing type of electricity production.
C: It may not he reliable.
D: All of the above.答案：D解析：文章第一段提到石油（petroleum)、煤( coal）和天然气（natural gas）三种矿物燃料 ( fossil fuel)，并且说这些可采掘到的燃料将在50年的时间里用完，所以需要开发再生能源。文章后几段提到了水资源和风能这两种renewable resources。根据这一理解，C 是正确选项。
A是错误选项，因为第二段第二句说世界上第一个水利大坝建在英国;B是错误选项，因为该段第五句指出三峡大坝比美国的Hoover大坝大五倍；该段第三句说水力发电为世界提供20%的电能，所以D也是错误选项。该段第四句则明确告诉我们C是答案。
文章第三段说2003年挪威首次运营利用潮汐进行发电的商业电站。所以，B是正确选项。
文章第四段提到了A、B、C的内容，所以D是正确选项。
这个问题的理解依赖对整篇文章内容的理解。文章第一段最后一句说：“ ‘ Renewable’refers to the fact that these resources are not used faster than they can be replaced.”其意思是：再生能源消耗的速度很慢，以至于不会被替代。所以，这种能源是sustainable。 -
第4题：
共用题干
Renewable Energy Sources
Today petroleum provides around 40%of the world's energy needs,mostly fuelling automobiles.Coal is still used,mostly in power stations,to cover one-quarter of our energy needs,but it is the least efficient, unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel.Natural gas reserves could plug（填补）some of the gap from oil,but reserves of that will not last into the 22nd century either.Most experts predict we will exhaust easily accessible reserves within 50 years.We could fast reach an energy crisis.We need to rapidly develop sustainable solutions to fuel our future.Less-polluting renewable energy sources offer a more practical long-term energy solution.They may benefit the world's poor too."Renewable"refers to the fact that these resources are not used faster than they can be replaced.
The Chinese and Romans used watermills over 2,000 years ago.But the first hydroelectric dam was built in England in 1870.Hydroelectric power is now the most common form of renewable energy,supplying around 20%of world electricity.China's Three Gorges Dam,which has just been completed, is the largest ever.At five times the size of the US ' s Hoover Dam , its 26 turbines（涡轮机）will generate the equivalent energy of 18 coal-fired power stations.It will satisfy 3%of China's entire electricity demand.
In 2003,the first commercial power station to harness tidal currents in the open sea opened in Norway. It is designed like windmill,but others take the form of turbines.
As prices fall,wind power has become the fastest growing type of electricity generation-quadrupling worldwide between 1999 and 2005.Modern wind farms consist of turbines that generate electricity.Though it will be more expensive,there is more than enough wind to provide the world's entire energy needs.Wind farms come in onshore and offshore forms.They can often end up at spots of natural beauty,and are often unpopular with residents.And turbines are not totally benign-they can interfere with radar and leave a significant ecological footprint,altering climate and killing sea birds.Migrating birds may have more luck avoiding them.Scotland is building Europe's largest wind farm,which will power 200 ,000 homes.The UK's goal is to generate one-fifth of power from renewable sources,mainly wind,by 2020.But this may cause problems,because wind is unreliable.China's Three Gorges Dam ______.
A:is the first hydroelectric dam in the world
B:is of the same size of the US's Hoover Dam
C:is the largest of all the hydroelectric dams in the world
D:supplies around 20%of the world electricity答案：C解析：第一段前三句分别提到了三种能源：石油、煤、天然气，从对其的叙述可知，这些都是非可再生能源。由第二段第三句“…form of renewable energy…”以及第四段倒数第二句“...renewablesources,mainly wind…”可知，风和水是可再生能源。
根据第二段第四句可知，三峡水电站是世界上最大的水电站。
第三段第一句表明，2003年挪威首次运营利用潮汐进行发电的商业电站。
由第四段第一句“As prices fall , wind power has become the fastest growing type of electricitygeneration …”和第三句“… there is more than enough wind to provide the world ' s entire energyneeds."，以及最后一句“But this may cause problems , because wind is unreliable.”可知，本题应选择D项。
对这个问题的理解依赖于对整篇文章的理解。特别是第一段最后一句表明，可再生能源的更新速度比消耗速度快。由此可知，可再生能源可以更新，因而是可持续使用的。 -
第5题：
问答题Pollution 1)Pollution is a problem because man, in an increasingly populated and industrialized world，is upsetting the environment in which he lives. 2) Many scientists maintain that one of man's greatest errors has been to equate growth with advancement. 3) Now “growth” industries are being looked on with suspicion incase their side effects damage the environment and disrupt the relationship of different forms of life. 4) The growing population makes increasing demands on the world’s fixed supply of air, water and land. 5) This rise in population is accompanied by the desire of more and more people for a better standard of living. 6) The problem has been causing increasing concern to living things and their environment.正确答案：
污染 污染已成为问题,因为在当今人口越来越多,社会越来越工业化的世界上,人类正在污染他们居住的环境。2)许多科学家认为人类最大的错误是把发展和进步等同起来。3)现在人们以怀疑的态度看待“发展性”的产业,因为它们的副作用会破坏环境,破坏各种生命之间的关系。4)人口的增长导致对世界上有限的空气、水和土地的需求不断增长。5)伴随着人口增长的是越来越多的人渴望更高的生活水平。6)这个问题已经引起人们时生物及其环境的日益关注。解析： 暂无解析 -
第6题：
单选题German, spoken by just over 100 million people, is one of the world’s ten-largest languages （）population.Ainplaceof
Bbymeansof
Cintermsof
Dbywayof
正确答案： C解析： 暂无解析 -
第7题：
单选题The population of the world is growing at a dangerous（）Ameasure
Brate
Cincrease
Dprogress
正确答案： C解析： 暂无解析 -
第8题：
单选题The author quotes U. N. Secretary General’s remark in the last paragraph mainly to demonstrate that ______.Atelephone is more important to the poor than the Web
Bdigital revolution will be welcomed by the poor
Cthe gap between the rich and the poor can be wider in the information age
Dhalf the world’s population will benefit from knowledge explosion
正确答案： A解析：
题目问的是：作者在最后一段引用联合国秘书长的话主要是为了证明什么？根据文章倒数第2段“We have to get serious not merely about the technology but also the psychology of bridging that divide.”可知，我们在严肃对待科技的同时，还要有填补这一鸿沟的心理；最后一段引用语意思是说，世界上有一半的人还没打过或接过电话，说明贫富悬殊，这一差距在信息时代可能会拉大。故选C。 -
第9题：
判断题Currently, there are about two thirds of the world’s population living in countries where water supply falls short of consumption.A对
B错
正确答案： 对解析：
录音中指出大约one third of the world’s population生活在有“水资源压力”的国家，在这些国家“consumption exceeds 10 per cent of total supply”，也就是说水资源供不应求，因此题干表述与录音内容相一致。fall short of达不到；缺乏。
【录音原文】
Global freshwater consumption rose sixfold between 1900 and 1995—more than twice the rate of population growth. About one third of the world’s population already lives in countries considered to be “water stressed”—that is, where consumption exceeds 10 per cent of total supply. If present trends continue, two out of every three people on Earth will live in that condition by 2025. -
第10题：
单选题Which statement about China is NOT true?AIt comes the second among nations in carbon emissions.
BIt has five percent of the world’s population.
CIt accounted for nearly half of the global increase in emissions in the last decade.
DIts carbon emissions have jumped 47％since l990.
正确答案： D解析：
录音中在介绍美国是二氧化碳最大排放国时，提到“The U.S., with five percent of the world’s population...”，可知美国人口占据世界人口的5%。
【录音原文】
In a recent 12-month span, carbon emissions from the burning of fossil fuels climbed to more than 7, 900, 000, 000 tons, a record high. Global emissions of carbon have been rising steadily since the late 18th century and rapidly since the 1950s. In fact, annual emissions have quadrupled since the mid-20th century.
Three-fourths of global carbon emissions are the result of burning fossil fuels, namely coal, oil, and natural gas. The rest largely come from deforestation. Of the four major sectors contributing to these emissions, electricity generation—at 35％—accounts for the largest share; transportation and industrial processes, 20％each. The remaining 25％is produced by residential and commercial buildings. Two-thirds of the carbon emissions from fossil fuel combustion are emitted by just 10 nations. The U.S., with five percent of the world’s population, is the largest contributor, accounting for nearly one-quarter of global emissions. China is second, with nearly l4％. Other major polluters are Russia, Japan, India, Italy, Canada, South Korea, Germany, and the United Kingdom.
Most of the growth in emissions in the coming decades, however, is expected to come from developing countries. While overall global carbon emissions have risen 13％since 1990, those in China have jumped 47％. Indeed, this one country accounts for nearly half of the global increase in emissions in the last decade. -
第11题：
单选题Which of the following is not true of Ireland.s climate?（）AIt is dry.
BIt is moist.
CIt is mild.
DIt is changeable
正确答案： A解析： 暂无解析 -
第12题：
单选题What is the real cause of the potential water crisis?AThe world population is increasing faster and faster.
BHalf of the world’s water resources have been seriously polluted.
CHumanity has not placed sufficient value on water resources.
DOnly half of the world’s water can be used.
正确答案： B解析：
细节题。文章第一段作者说如果找们现在能比过去更加重视水的话，世界未必就会陷入缺水的困境（即使人口增一倍）。下文阐述避免将来世界缺水的对策和方法，从上文叙述说明水的潜在危机不是人口增加也不是污染严重造成的。更不是用得多，才用了不到一半。根本原因是过去我们没有引起足够的重视，如能像重视石油那样重视水就不会发生水危机，因此C为答案。 -
第13题：
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A) World population is increasing at a rate of 150 per minute.
B) Lower death rates also contribute to world population growth.
C) The population of Columbia has been doubling every year for 21 years.
D) The United States is usually doubling its population about every 87 years.
正确答案：C
答案：C
[试题分析] 事实判断题。
[详细解答] 根据第三段第一句World population is increasing at a rate of 9,000 per hour．可判断A世界人口每分钟增加150人正确；根据该段第二句This is not only due to higher birth rates，but to lower death rates as well．可判断B论断正确；而由第四段的Some countries，such as Columbia， Thailand，Morocco，Costa Rica，and the Philippines．are doubling their populations about every twenty-one years可判断， C哥伦比亚人口持续21年每年翻一番的论断混淆了事实，论断错误；D美国人口每87年翻一番可根据第三段第二句The United States is doubling its population about every eighty-seven years一句判断为正确论断。因此，本题答案为C。
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第14题：
共用题干
Water一the Issue of This Century
The world is running short of freshwater. Populations are growing bigger and thirstier （渴的）,with the result that freshwater is becoming increasingly scarce（缺乏）.Half the world's wetlands have disappeared during the last century,while estimates suggest that wa- ter use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years.
The World Bank report estimates that as much as half of the world's population,concentrated in Africa,the Middle East and south Asia,will face“severe water shortages”by 2025.Local water conflicts and the loss of freshwater ecosystems appear large in some re- gions.
A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025,putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries（渔业）are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits, and half the world's coral reefs（珊瑚礁）may perish in 100 years. Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities,the Bank says.
The report concludes that there is ample evidence to justify immediate and coordinated action to safeguard supplies and use water more efficiently.
Fresh water consumption is rising quickly,and the availability of water in some regions is likely to become one of the most pressing issues of the 21st century.
A third of the world's popu1ation一around two billion people一live in countries that are experiencing moderate to high water shortages.That proportion could rise to half or more in the next 30 years unless institutions（制度）change to ensure better conservation and alloca- tion of water.
China is one country where the portents（征兆）are gloomy. The most waterstressed country in East Asia,China is exploiting 44%of its usable water,a figure projected to rise to6O%by 2020.Primary withdrawal of water of more than 60%is widely considered by water experts to exceed the environmental carrying capacity of a river basin system. Although
China's total use appears still to be reasonable,it has several basins that are severely stressed environmentally.
Withdrawals exceed environmental limits in Afghanistan and Pakistan,and will exceed them in India by 2020.In the Middle East and North Africa,only Morocco has unexploited water resources.The rest have exceeded environmental limits and many are mining aquifers （蓄水层）一bodies of water-bearing rock一the report says.Most of the world's population may live within 100km of the sea in 2025.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned答案：A解析：题干意为“据估计，30年以后水的使用量将增加50%”。利用题干中的细节 信息词/短语water use, 50% , next 30 years作为定位线索，在短文第一段中寻找到相关句： The world is running short of fresh water. Populations are growing bigger and thirstier（渴 的）,with the result that freshwater is becoming increasingly scarce（缺乏）.Half the world's wetlands have disappeared during the last century,while estimates suggest that water use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years．相关句（带下划线的句子）意为“在上个世纪的100年里世界上一半的沼泽地已经消失了，而依据人们的估计来看，30年后水的使用量将增加50%”, 很明显题干陈述的意义与短文中的相关内容一致，因此题干陈述了正确的信息。所以答案为A。
题干意为“大多数发达国家20年以后将面临水的短缺问题”。利用题干中 的细节信息词/短语most developed countries, water shortages, in 20 years作为定位线索， 结果发现most developed countries根本没有在短文中出现，短文中也没有具体提到发达国家水短缺的情况，因此题干陈述的信息是短文中未提及的信息。所以答案为C。
题干意为“到了2025年，地球上大多数的人可能会生活在距离海洋100公 里的范围里”。利用题干中的细节信息短语most of the world's population, 100km of the sea, in 2025作为定位线索，这样在第三段中找到相关句：A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people（与题干中的most of the world's population呼应）may live within 100km of the sea in 2025 , putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries（渔业）are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits, and half the world's coral reefs（珊瑚礁）may perish in 100 years.Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says．相关句（第三段第二句）提到“到2025年，世界上3/4的人将可能生活在距离海洋100公里的范围里”，显然题干陈述的意义与短文相关内容一致。所以答案为A。到目前为 止，在完成的3道题的答案里出现了2个A,1个C，剩下的4道题肯定至少会出现1-3个 B，因此如果考虑节约答题时间，剩下的4小题全选B，这样在该阅读理解题上就通过完成3 小题而直接拿到5小题的分数（即拿到5分！)
题干意为“几乎所有的珊瑚礁都可能在10。年后消失”。利用题干中的细节 信息短语almost all coral reefs, in 100 years作为定位线索，这样在第三段中找到相关句：A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025,putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries（渔业）are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits,and half the world's coral reefs(珊瑚礁）may perish in 100 years.Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says．相关句（第三段倒数第二句）意为“2/3的渔业开发已经处于可承受的边缘，甚至超出了可承受的范围，世界上一半的珊瑚礁可能会在100年后消失”。短文提到“一半的珊瑚礁”可能会在100年后消失，而不是“几乎所有的珊瑚礁”可能会在100年后消失，因此题干陈述的信息与短文内 容不一致。所以答案为B。
题干意为“大西洋中的一些鱼类正处于危险的状况中”。利用题干中的细节 信息词/短语some species of fish, Atlantic, dangerously low levels作为定位线索，在第三段 中寻找到相关句：A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025,putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries（渔业） are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits,and half the world's coral reefs（珊瑚礁）may perish in 100 years. Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says．相关句（带下划线的句子）提到“世界银行说几乎有60%的珊瑚礁和34%的鱼 类因为人类的活动而处于危险的状况中”，这个句子陈述的是全世界鱼类的情况，至于在大西洋是否也是这样，该句中没有提到，依据该句意义也无法推断出大西洋地区鱼类的情况。短文中的其他句子没有再提及鱼类的情况，由此可判断出题干陈述的信息是短文中未提及的信 息。所以答案为C。
题干意为“世界银行的报告意味着应该采取紧急行动来保护水资源的供 应”。利用题干中的细节信息词/短语the World Bank report, urgent action, water supplies 作为定位线索，在第四段中寻找到相关句：The report（指上文中提到的世界银行的报告） concludes that there is ample evidence to justify immediate and coordinated action to safe- guard supplies and use water more efficiently．第四段是一个独立成段句，该段意为“那份报告得出的结论是有大量的证据证明应该立刻采取协调一致的行动来保护水资源的供应，并更有效地使用水资源”。显然题干陈述的意义与短文中的相关意义一致，因此答案为A。
题干意为“印度（现在）超过了水资源的环境使用极限”。利用题干中的细节 信息词/短语India , environmental limits , water use作为定位线索，在最后一段中寻找到相关句：Withdrawals（与上文中提到的withdrawal of water<水资源的使用>呼应）exceed environmental limits in Afghanistan and Pakistan,and will exceed them in India by 2020.In the -
第15题：
共用题干
Renewable Energy Sources
Today petroleum provides around 40%of the world's energy needs,mostly fuelling automobiles.Coal is still used,mostly in power stations,to cover one-quarter of our energy needs,but it is the least efficient, unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel.Natural gas reserves could plug（填补）some of the gap from oil,but reserves of that will not last into the 22nd century either.Most experts predict we will exhaust easily accessible reserves within 50 years.We could fast reach an energy crisis.We need to rapidly develop sustainable solutions to fuel our future.Less-polluting renewable energy sources offer a more practical long-term energy solution.They may benefit the world's poor too."Renewable"refers to the fact that these resources are not used faster than they can be replaced.
The Chinese and Romans used watermills over 2,000 years ago.But the first hydroelectric dam was built in England in 1870.Hydroelectric power is now the most common form of renewable energy,supplying around 20%of world electricity.China's Three Gorges Dam,which has just been completed, is the largest ever.At five times the size of the US ' s Hoover Dam , its 26 turbines（涡轮机）will generate the equivalent energy of 18 coal-fired power stations.It will satisfy 3%of China's entire electricity demand.
In 2003,the first commercial power station to harness tidal currents in the open sea opened in Norway. It is designed like windmill,but others take the form of turbines.
As prices fall,wind power has become the fastest growing type of electricity generation-quadrupling worldwide between 1999 and 2005.Modern wind farms consist of turbines that generate electricity.Though it will be more expensive,there is more than enough wind to provide the world's entire energy needs.Wind farms come in onshore and offshore forms.They can often end up at spots of natural beauty,and are often unpopular with residents.And turbines are not totally benign-they can interfere with radar and leave a significant ecological footprint,altering climate and killing sea birds.Migrating birds may have more luck avoiding them.Scotland is building Europe's largest wind farm,which will power 200 ,000 homes.The UK's goal is to generate one-fifth of power from renewable sources,mainly wind,by 2020.But this may cause problems,because wind is unreliable.Which is the country with the first commercial power station that makes use of ocean currents produced by tides?
A:China.
B:Norway.
C:England.
D:America.答案：B解析：第一段前三句分别提到了三种能源：石油、煤、天然气，从对其的叙述可知，这些都是非可再生能源。由第二段第三句“…form of renewable energy…”以及第四段倒数第二句“...renewablesources,mainly wind…”可知，风和水是可再生能源。
根据第二段第四句可知，三峡水电站是世界上最大的水电站。
第三段第一句表明，2003年挪威首次运营利用潮汐进行发电的商业电站。
由第四段第一句“As prices fall , wind power has become the fastest growing type of electricitygeneration …”和第三句“… there is more than enough wind to provide the world ' s entire energyneeds."，以及最后一句“But this may cause problems , because wind is unreliable.”可知，本题应选择D项。
对这个问题的理解依赖于对整篇文章的理解。特别是第一段最后一句表明，可再生能源的更新速度比消耗速度快。由此可知，可再生能源可以更新，因而是可持续使用的。 -
第16题：
问答题He tried one and experienced thewide-awakefeeling that one-third of the world's population now starts the day with.正确答案：解析： -
第17题：
问答题Pollution is a problem because man, in an increasingly populated and industrialized world, is upsetting the environment in which he lives. Many scientists maintain that one of man’s greatest errors has been to equate growth with advancement. Now “growth” industries are being looked on with suspicion in case their side effects damage the environment and disrupt the relationship of different forms of life, the growing population makes increasing demands on the world’s fixed supply of air, water and land.正确答案：
污染已成为问题,因为在当今人口越来越多,社会越来越工业化的世界上,人类正在污染他们居住的环境。许多科学家认为人类最大的错误是把发展和进步等同起来。现在人们以怀疑的态度看待“发展性”的产业,因为它们的副作用会破坏环境,破坏各种生命之间的关系。人口的增长导致对世界上有限的空气、水和土地的需求不断增长。解析： 暂无解析 -
第18题：
单选题Nearly half the world’s population ______.Astill lives in the developing countries
Bearns less than $1 a day
Chas no access to safe drinking water
D1ives on less than $2 a day
正确答案： D解析：
从录音中提到的“Nearly half the world’s population still has to make do on less than $2 per day”，可知世界上有将近一半的人不得不以每天不到2美元来凑合过活，此处make do on与live on表达意思相一致。 -
第19题：
填空题The world’s most extensive research effort on climate change is now regulated by the U.S. Global Change Research Program.____正确答案： I解析：
由题干中“The world’s most extensive research effort”定位至I段，由本段可直接得出匹配段落为I段。 -
第20题：
单选题Which statement is true about Malta’s immigrant population?AIt has a large immigrant population.
BIts immigrant population is more than 3,000.
CIts immigrant population totals 7,000.
DIts immigrant population comes to less than 1% of the island’s 400, 000 population.
正确答案： B解析：
该段录音中指出Malta（马尔地）是一个人口密集的国家，但是移民数量却依旧很小，官方指出他们尚无确切的统计，但是估测移民人口在3000以下，而这一数字是“less than 1% of the island’s 400, 000 population”，因此选项D正确。
【录音原文】
Malta may be densely populated (three times more than the Netherlands), but its immigrant population is still tiny. Officials say they have no precise total, but their estimate is below 3, 000—fewer than the commonly touted figure of 7, 000 arrivals since 2002, and less than 1% of the island’s 400, 000 population. Malta’s EU partners could be forgiven for feeling that, as in other respects, the union’s southernmost member is just catching up with them. -
第21题：
问答题The world economy has run into a brick wall. Despite countless warnings in recent years about the need to address a looming hunger crisis in poor countries and a looming energy crisis worldwide, world leaders failed to think ahead. The result is a global food crisis. Wheat, corn and rice prices have more than doubled in the past two years, and oil prices have more than tripled since the start of 2004. These food-price increases combined with soaring energy costs will slow if not stop economic growth in many parts of the world and will even undermine political stability, as evidenced by the protest riots that have erupted in places like Haiti, Bangladesh and Burkina Faso. Practical solutions to these growing woes do exist, but we'll have to start thinking ahead and acting globally.
The crisis has its roots in four interlinked trends. The first is the chronically slow productivity of farmers in the poorest countries, caused by their inability to pay for seeds, fertilizers and irrigation. The second is the misguided policy in the U.S. and Europe of subsidizing diversion of food crops to produce biofuels like corn-based ethanol. The third is climate change: take the recent droughts in Australia and Europe, which cut the global production of grain in 2005 and 2006. The fourth is the growing global demand for food and feed grains brought on by swelling populations and incomes. In short, rising demand has hit a limited supply, with the poor taking the hardest blow.
So, what should be done? Here are three steps to ease the current Crisis and avert the potential for a globa1 disaster. The first is to scale-up the dramatic success of Malawi, a famine-prone country in southern Africa, which three years ago established a special fund to help its farmers get fertilizer and high-yield seeds. Malawi’s harvest doubled after just one year. An international fund based on the Malawi model would cost a mere $10 per person annually in the rich world, or $10 billion in all. Such a fund could fight hunger as effectively as the Global Fund to fight AIDS, TB and Malaria is controlling those diseases.
Second, the U.S. and Europe should abandon their policies to subsidizing the conversion of food into biofules. The U.S. government gives farmers a taxpayer-financed subsidy of 51 cents per gal of ethanol divert corn from the food and feed-grain supply. There maybe a case for biofuels produced on lands that do not produce foods—tree crops (like palm oil) , grasses and wood products—but there’s no case for doling out subsidies to put the world’s dinner into the gas tank. Third, we urgently need to weatherproof the world’s crops as soon and as effectively as possible. For a poor farmer, sometimes something as simple as a farm pond—which collects rainwater to be used for emergency irrigation in a dry spell—can make the difference between a bountiful crop and a famine. The world has already committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation Fund to help poor regions climate-proof vital economic activities such as food production and health care but has not yet acted upon the promise.正确答案：
1. F 根据题干中Anti-hunger campaigns和successful可定位到文章第三段第三句话中的the dramatic success of Malawi和第三段末句中的fight hunger,可知马拉维消除饥饿的运动很成功,因此本题选F项。
2. G 本题关键词为biofuels和subsidized,从而可定位到文章第二段第三句:The second is the misguided policy in the U.S. and Europe of subsidizing diversion of food crops to produce biofuels like corn-based ethanol,该句指出美国和欧洲对将粮食作物转化成生物燃料的生产过程进行资助的政策,因此正确答案是G项。
3. E 本题关键词为Protest riots,从而定位到首段倒数第二句,该句提到These food-price increases combined with soaring energy costs...will even undermine political stability, as evidenced by the protest riots that have erupted in places like Haiti,Bangladesh and Burkina Faso,可知抗议暴乱的发生地包括海地、孟加拉国和布基纳法索,因此本题的正确答案为E项。
4. C 题干中not so successful为重点词,本题相关信息来自末端最后一句,该句提到The world has already committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation Fund...but has not yet acted upon the promise,可知承诺建立一个气候适应基金组织(Climate Adaptation Fund)的诺言并未被履行,也就是这方面的努力还未成功,因此本题选C。
5. A 题干关键词为Food shortage,从而定位至首段第二句:Despite countless warnings in recent years about the need to address a looming hunger crisis in poor countries...world leaders failed to think ahead,本句中hunger crisis与题干中Food shortage相对应,可知食物短缺在贫穷国家变得更加严重,因此正确答案为A项。解析： 暂无解析 -
第22题：
问答题Practice 13 (1) Actually, the world’s birth rate is falling. But so is death rate, as medical advances have made it possible for man to live longer than before. Such advances have also reduced baby death rate. (2) Unless population growth is reduced, the world population may reach l2 billion in a century. Is the earth capable of providing a good life for so large a population?正确答案：
(1) 事实上,世界上的生育率在降低,但死亡率也同样在降低,因为医学发展使人们能比以前活得更长。
(2) 除非降低人口增长速度,否则一个世纪之内世界人口将达到120亿。解析： 暂无解析 -
第23题：
单选题From the fourth paragraph, we learn that Google’s money is also invested to help _____.Astart more research programs
Bmake more advanced electric cars
Cdevelop renewable and coal-based energy
Dconduct studies related to climate changes
正确答案： B解析：
信息推断题。由原文第四段第一句“Google. org will also give money to help two climate-change programs announced earlier this year”可知，谷歌公司的第三笔资金用来扶持两个研究气候变化的项目。D项是对这句话的同义转述。A项表述不具体。B项偷换概念，另一个研究气候变化的项目是验收推广电动车使用的工作，而选项中却说制造更多的电动车，意思不一样，可以排除。C项意思不对，不是研发燃烧发电的能源而是研究开发比燃煤能源成本小的多的可再生能源。