单选题Which of the following is true as the size of people’s social network grows?A People spend less time with each network member.B Communicate more in all forms of contact except email.C The number of members contacted by email doesn’t decline.D The perce
题目
单选题
Which of the following is true as the size of people’s social network grows?
A
People spend less time with each network member.
B
Communicate more in all forms of contact except email.
C
The number of members contacted by email doesn’t decline.
D
The percentage of the network contacted by email remains almost the same.
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更多“单选题Which of the following is true as the size of people’s social network grows?A People spend less time with each network member.B Communicate more in all forms of contact except email.C The number of members contacted by email doesn’t decline.D The perce”相关问题
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第1题：
共用题干
More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing
1 Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known,new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences.
2 Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep,as well as a number of other sleep problems,than people who sleep 8 hours a night. People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a night's sleep than 8-hour sleepers.
3 These findings,which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine,demonstrate that people who want to get a good night's rest may not need to set aside, more than 8 hours a night.He added that“it might be a good idea”for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed,but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm this.
4 Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep一for instance,one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more.
5 For the current report,Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep questionaires,in which participants indicated how much they slept during the week and whether they experienced any sleep problems.Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night,arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep,and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning.
6 Kridke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more like-ly to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours.In an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed. As evidence,he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed.“It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed,then they'll spend a higher percentage of time awake.”he said.Long sleepers are reported to be more likely to______.
A: fall asleep again
B: become more energetic the following day
C: sleep less than 7 hours
D: confirm those serious consequences
E: suffer sleep problems
F: sleen more than 8 houlrs答案：E解析：该段中只包含两个句子，而每个句子中提到了have trouble falling asleep“很难入睡”，这表明该段主题应与睡眠问题相关。选项E和选项F都直接提到了sleep problems “睡眠问题”，因此推测答案可能来自这两个选项。选项E意为“睡眠时间长的人和睡眠时间短的人遇到的睡眠问题”，选项F意为“睡眠问题的分类”。结合段落内容来看，段落第一句主要提到people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight“每晚睡9一10个小时的人即睡眠时间长的人”的情况，段落第二句主要提到people who slept only 7 hours each night“每晚只睡 7个小时的人即睡眠时间短的人”呼应，因此E是答案。
整个段落只包含一个句子，该句主要以前的研究揭示了慢性睡眠不足的潜在危险。这与B项“习惯性睡眠不足的危险”呼应一致。所以答案为B。
A和F容易相互成为干扰项，这对于该段主题的判断具有一定的迷惑性，但由于段落中提到的“睡眠问题”是属于问卷上要回答的内容，是和Kripke的直接研究有关，所以判断“Kripke的研究”是段落的主题，因此A是答案。
剩下的3个选项中，选项F作为第1小题的干扰项成为本小题答案的可能性很小，选项C意为“对Kripke报告的批评”，整个段落主要提到了Kripke的研究发现和他的看法： Kridke found ... (Kridke发现）;Kripke noted ... (Kripke指出……); he added...（他补充说……）, 根本没有涉及到对Kripke的批评，因此C是干扰项，答案应该为D。该段首先分析了睡眠时间长的人出现睡眠问题的原因，然后指出克服失眠（睡眠问题的具体表现）的一种方法。
利用题干中的名词短语。good night's rest和名词people作为定位线索，在文章中找到相关句：These findings, which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psycho-somatic Medicine,demonstrate that people who want to get a good night's rest may not need to set aside more than 8 hours a night．依据该句可直接判断F项“睡眠超过8小时”是答案。
利用题干中的名词短语long sleepers作为定位线索，同时关注题干中的其他用词，这样在文章中找到相关句：Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight（与long sleepers呼应）appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep,as well as a number of other sleep problems, than people who sleep 8 hours a night．依据该句可直接判断E项“出现睡眠问题”是答案。
利用题干中的名词短语one of the sleep problems, the middle of the night 作为定位线索，在文章中找到相关句：Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night,arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep,and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning. A项fall asleep again“再次入睡”是fall back to sleep的 近义结构，所以答案为A。
利用题干中的名词结构one survey, higher risk of dying作为定位线索，在 文章中找到相关句：one report（与 survey呼应）demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than peo-ple who sleep more．依据该句可直接判断C项“睡眠不足7个小时”是答案。 -
第2题：
共用题干
More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing
1 Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known,new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences.
2 Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep,as well as a number of other sleep problems,than people who sleep 8 hours a night. People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a night's sleep than 8-hour sleepers.
3 These findings,which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine,demonstrate that people who want to get a good night's rest may not need to set aside, more than 8 hours a night.He added that“it might be a good idea”for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed,but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm this.
4 Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep一for instance,one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more.
5 For the current report,Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep questionaires,in which participants indicated how much they slept during the week and whether they experienced any sleep problems.Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night,arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep,and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning.
6 Kridke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more like-ly to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours.In an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed. As evidence,he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed.“It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed,then they'll spend a higher percentage of time awake.”he said.To get a good night's rest,people may not need to______.
A: fall asleep again
B: become more energetic the following day
C: sleep less than 7 hours
D: confirm those serious consequences
E: suffer sleep problems
F: sleen more than 8 houlrs答案：F解析：该段中只包含两个句子，而每个句子中提到了have trouble falling asleep“很难入睡”，这表明该段主题应与睡眠问题相关。选项E和选项F都直接提到了sleep problems “睡眠问题”，因此推测答案可能来自这两个选项。选项E意为“睡眠时间长的人和睡眠时间短的人遇到的睡眠问题”，选项F意为“睡眠问题的分类”。结合段落内容来看，段落第一句主要提到people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight“每晚睡9一10个小时的人即睡眠时间长的人”的情况，段落第二句主要提到people who slept only 7 hours each night“每晚只睡 7个小时的人即睡眠时间短的人”呼应，因此E是答案。
整个段落只包含一个句子，该句主要以前的研究揭示了慢性睡眠不足的潜在危险。这与B项“习惯性睡眠不足的危险”呼应一致。所以答案为B。
A和F容易相互成为干扰项，这对于该段主题的判断具有一定的迷惑性，但由于段落中提到的“睡眠问题”是属于问卷上要回答的内容，是和Kripke的直接研究有关，所以判断“Kripke的研究”是段落的主题，因此A是答案。
剩下的3个选项中，选项F作为第1小题的干扰项成为本小题答案的可能性很小，选项C意为“对Kripke报告的批评”，整个段落主要提到了Kripke的研究发现和他的看法： Kridke found ... (Kridke发现）;Kripke noted ... (Kripke指出……); he added...（他补充说……）, 根本没有涉及到对Kripke的批评，因此C是干扰项，答案应该为D。该段首先分析了睡眠时间长的人出现睡眠问题的原因，然后指出克服失眠（睡眠问题的具体表现）的一种方法。
利用题干中的名词短语。good night's rest和名词people作为定位线索，在文章中找到相关句：These findings, which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psycho-somatic Medicine,demonstrate that people who want to get a good night's rest may not need to set aside more than 8 hours a night．依据该句可直接判断F项“睡眠超过8小时”是答案。
利用题干中的名词短语long sleepers作为定位线索，同时关注题干中的其他用词，这样在文章中找到相关句：Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight（与long sleepers呼应）appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep,as well as a number of other sleep problems, than people who sleep 8 hours a night．依据该句可直接判断E项“出现睡眠问题”是答案。
利用题干中的名词短语one of the sleep problems, the middle of the night 作为定位线索，在文章中找到相关句：Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night,arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep,and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning. A项fall asleep again“再次入睡”是fall back to sleep的 近义结构，所以答案为A。
利用题干中的名词结构one survey, higher risk of dying作为定位线索，在 文章中找到相关句：one report（与 survey呼应）demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than peo-ple who sleep more．依据该句可直接判断C项“睡眠不足7个小时”是答案。 -
第3题：
共用题干
More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing
Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known,new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences.
Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep,as well as a number of other sleep problems,than people who sleep 8 hours a night. People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a night's sleep than 8-hour sleepers.
These findings,which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, demonstrate that people who want to get a good night's rest may not need to set aside more than 8 hours a night. He added that it might be a good idea for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed,but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm this.
Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep,for instance, one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more.
For the current report,Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep questionnaires,in which participants indicated how much they slept during the week and whether they experienced any sleep problems.Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night,arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep,and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning.
Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours.In an interview,Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed. As evidence,he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed."It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed,then they'll spend a higher percentage of time awake,"he said.To get a good night's rest,people may not need to______.
A:fall asleep again
B:become more energetic the following day
C:sleep less than 7 hours
D:confirm those serious consequences
E:suffer sleep problems
F: sleep more than 8 hours答案：F解析：Investigators … found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling , than…该句回应了文章的主题―睡眠时间太长不是好事。对应被选项发现只有E和F与这个内容有关系，但段落最后一句中又提到了睡眠不足的人的问题，因此判断E（睡眠时间长和睡眠时间短的人所面临的睡眠问题）是答案。
第四段只有一句话：Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep , for instance…这句话表明了该段的中心是“长期睡眠不足的潜在危险“。因此选B。
第五段一开始就提到了Kripke的研究，但后来也说到Sleep problems included … A和F容易相互成为干扰项，具有一定的迷惑性。但由于段落中提到的“睡眠问题”属于Kripke的问卷上要回答的内容，和Kripke的研究有关，所以判断A是答案。
第六段中出现的Kripke found , Kripke noted和he added表明Kripke的观点和态度应该是该段的中心，对比被选项，排除C（段落中没有出现批评的话语）和F(段落中没有具体提到睡眠问题的表现形式），而该段倒数第二句中one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed(克服失眠的方法之一是少花时间在床上）与D呼应。
根据搭配结构need to do sth．判断所有选项都在语法上合适。因此要借助句意来判断，答案是F。
借助句意“根据报道，睡眠时间长的人更有可能……”，并结合文章主题（睡眠时间长不是好事情）判断E合适。也可借助文章中的相关内容（利用题干中的Long sleepers和 more likely作为答案线索）: Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours.
句意为“其中的一个睡眠问题是在半夜醒来，不能……”文章第五段倒数第一句话提到午夜醒来很难再次入睡，直接判断A合适。
句意：“一项调查显示那些习惯性每晚……的人有更高的死亡风险。”在第四段找到相关信息：people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more．判断C是答案。 -
第4题：
共用题干
More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing
Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known,new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences.
Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep,as well as a number of other sleep problems,than people who sleep 8 hours a night. People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a night's sleep than 8-hour sleepers.
These findings,which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, demonstrate that people who want to get a good night's rest may not need to set aside more than 8 hours a night. He added that it might be a good idea for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed,but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm this.
Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep,for instance, one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more.
For the current report,Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep questionnaires,in which participants indicated how much they slept during the week and whether they experienced any sleep problems.Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night,arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep,and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning.
Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours.In an interview,Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed. As evidence,he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed."It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed,then they'll spend a higher percentage of time awake,"he said.One of the sleep problems is waking in the middle of the night,unable to______.
A:fall asleep again
B:become more energetic the following day
C:sleep less than 7 hours
D:confirm those serious consequences
E:suffer sleep problems
F: sleep more than 8 hours答案：A解析：Investigators … found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling , than…该句回应了文章的主题―睡眠时间太长不是好事。对应被选项发现只有E和F与这个内容有关系，但段落最后一句中又提到了睡眠不足的人的问题，因此判断E（睡眠时间长和睡眠时间短的人所面临的睡眠问题）是答案。
第四段只有一句话：Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep , for instance…这句话表明了该段的中心是“长期睡眠不足的潜在危险“。因此选B。
第五段一开始就提到了Kripke的研究，但后来也说到Sleep problems included … A和F容易相互成为干扰项，具有一定的迷惑性。但由于段落中提到的“睡眠问题”属于Kripke的问卷上要回答的内容，和Kripke的研究有关，所以判断A是答案。
第六段中出现的Kripke found , Kripke noted和he added表明Kripke的观点和态度应该是该段的中心，对比被选项，排除C（段落中没有出现批评的话语）和F(段落中没有具体提到睡眠问题的表现形式），而该段倒数第二句中one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed(克服失眠的方法之一是少花时间在床上）与D呼应。
根据搭配结构need to do sth．判断所有选项都在语法上合适。因此要借助句意来判断，答案是F。
借助句意“根据报道，睡眠时间长的人更有可能……”，并结合文章主题（睡眠时间长不是好事情）判断E合适。也可借助文章中的相关内容（利用题干中的Long sleepers和 more likely作为答案线索）: Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours.
句意为“其中的一个睡眠问题是在半夜醒来，不能……”文章第五段倒数第一句话提到午夜醒来很难再次入睡，直接判断A合适。
句意：“一项调查显示那些习惯性每晚……的人有更高的死亡风险。”在第四段找到相关信息：people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more．判断C是答案。 -
第5题：
Which of the following statements is true according to Tocqueville？( )A.As social conditions and opportunities improve，social satisfaction grows more quickly.
B.Social mechanisms have seemingly conflicting nature.
C.As social conditions improve，there will be fewer people enjoy the social privilege.
D.As social conditions improve，the people will have more concentrated power.答案：B解析：细节题。根据最后一段第一句social frustration increases as social conditions improve可知，A项错误；根据最后一段最后一句He wrote that this growing hatred of social privilege，as social conditions improve，leads to the state concentrating more power to itself可知，享有特权的不是人民而是state本身，故D项错误；全文并未提及“享受特权的人数”问题，因此C项错误。故本题选B。参考译文：法国政治科学家、历史学家、哲学家和政治家阿历克西·德·托克维尔以一本四卷册的书《美国的民主》闻名于世。他于1831年来到美国，研究美国的民主形式及其对世界其他地方的意义。在仅仅九个月的访问之后，他完成了一本非凡的作品，至今被奉为经典。托克维尔有着非同寻常的观察力。他不仅描述了政府的民主制度及其运作方式，而且还描述了它对美国人的思考、感受和行为的影响。许多学者认为，托克维尔对美国传统信仰和价值观的理解比任何其他描写美国的人都要深刻。尤其引人注目的是，他在近200年前观察到的这些许多特征今天在美国人身上仍然可见且具有重大意义。他的观察也很重要，因为他访问的时间-19世纪30年代——是在美国工业化之前。这是小农、商人和西部边疆定居的时代，是一个新国家的传统价值观新建立的历史时期。在美国宪法通过大约40年后的短短一代人时间里，这种新的政府形式产生的社会中，人人都有独特的价值观。然而，他是一位中立的观察者，看到了这些品质的两面性。《美国的民主》的第一部分写于1831-1832年，出版于1835年。这本书对美国政府和社会进行了非常积极和乐观的描述，大受欢迎。他试图一瞥美国社会的本质，同时宣扬自己的哲学：阶级平等和不可避免的、根深蒂固的贵族特权。他用了四年时间才完成这本书的剩余部分，并于1840年出版第二部分。第二部分比第一部分更加悲观，他警告了专制和政府集权的危险，并将他的观点和批评直指法国。因此，除了在英国受到高度赞扬之外，它没有像第一部分那样受到欢迎。《美国的民主》着重分析为什么共和党代议制民主在美国取得了成功，但在许多其他地方却失败了。托克维尔指出，宗教在美国能发挥强大作用是因为它与政府分离，所有党派都认同这种分离。他将此与法国作对比，在法国，他认为民主党和宗教之间存在不健康的对立，这与教会和国家之间的联系有关。托克维尔还概述了人类可能过度追求平等，预示着20世纪会产生极权主义国家。托克维尔观察到社会机制存在矛盾，这在后来被称为“托克维尔效应”，即“随着社会条件的改善，社会挫折感也会增加”。他写道，随着社会条件的改善，这种对社会特权日益增长的仇恨导致国家将更多的权力集中到自己身上。 -
第6题：
单选题Which of the following may be the best reason for casual dining?AFamily members need more time to relax.
BBusy schedules leave people no time for formality.
CPeople, want to practice economy in times of scarcity.
DYoung people won’t follow the etiquette of the older generation.
正确答案： A解析：
细节题。题目询问快餐产生的原因。第五段第二句提到，长时间的上班工作和棘手的家庭时间表，很难把所有聚餐的人都等齐，所以忙碌的主人坚持进餐的人可以在家里吃外卖的盛在纸盘上的食品。这与B项“繁忙的家庭时间表使人们没时间按礼仪去就餐”同义，故B为答案。 -
第7题：
单选题Which of the following is true as the size of people’s social network grows?APeople spend less time with each network member.
BCommunicate more in all forms of contact except email.
CThe number of members contacted by email doesn’t decline.
DThe percentage of the network contacted by email remains almost the same.
正确答案： C解析：
录音中指出“随着一个人的社交网络范围增加，人们便难以联系大比例的网络成员。随着网络范围扩大，网络联系比例下降。这对几乎所有的联系方式都适用，电子邮件例外”。并且提到“the percentage of one’s social network contacted weekly by email does not decline, but remains about the same at about 20% of their ties.”，所以D项正确。 -
第8题：
单选题Which of the following is true about the Internet according to the passage?AAmericans were more in contact before the advent of the Internet.
BThe Internet is weakening the tie of social networks.
CIf you use the internet, you are more likely to get help from network members.
DInternet users are more likely to receive help from non-users.
正确答案： B解析：
录音中最后一句提到“Internet users are more likely than non-users to receive help from network members.”(网络用户比非网络用户更有可能获得来自网络成员的帮助)，由此可知如果你使用网络，你更有可能得到网络成员的帮助，所以选C。
【录音原文】
As the size of a person’s social network increases, it becomes more difficult for people to contact a large percentage of network members. The percentage of one’s social network contacted declines as network size grows. This pattern holds true for almost all forms of contact analyzed in the Social Ties survey. The one exception is email.
As the size of people’s social network increases, the percentage of one’s social network contacted weekly by email does not decline, but remains about the same at about 20% of their ties. Several qualities of email help explain this finding. Email enables people to maintain more relationships easily because it is convenient as a communication tool and it gives the control in managing communication. The nature of email is such that people could carry on conversations at different times and at their leisure. This makes it possible for a quick note to an associate, whether it is about important news or seeking advice on an important decision. Moreover, it is almost as easy to email a message to many people as it is to email to only one...
Contrary to fears that email would reduce other forms of contact, there is “media multiplexity”: that is, the more contact by email, the more in-person and phone contact. Therefore, Americans are probably more in contact with members of their communities and social networks than before the advent of the Internet. And Internet users are more likely than non-users to receive help from network members. -
第9题：
共用题干
More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing
1 Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known,new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences.
2 Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep,as well as a number of other sleep problems,than people who sleep 8 hours a night. People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a night's sleep than 8-hour sleepers.
3 These findings,which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine,demonstrate that people who want to get a good night's rest may not need to set aside, more than 8 hours a night.He added that“it might be a good idea”for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed,but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm this.
4 Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep一for instance,one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more.
5 For the current report,Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep questionaires,in which participants indicated how much they slept during the week and whether they experienced any sleep problems.Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night,arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep,and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning.
6 Kridke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more like-ly to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours.In an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed. As evidence,he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed.“It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed,then they'll spend a higher percentage of time awake.”he said.One survey showed that people who habitually_____each night have a higher risk of dying.
A: fall asleep again
B: become more energetic the following day
C: sleep less than 7 hours
D: confirm those serious consequences
E: suffer sleep problems
F: sleen more than 8 houlrs答案：C解析：该段中只包含两个句子，而每个句子中提到了have trouble falling asleep“很难入睡”，这表明该段主题应与睡眠问题相关。选项E和选项F都直接提到了sleep problems “睡眠问题”，因此推测答案可能来自这两个选项。选项E意为“睡眠时间长的人和睡眠时间短的人遇到的睡眠问题”，选项F意为“睡眠问题的分类”。结合段落内容来看，段落第一句主要提到people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight“每晚睡9一10个小时的人即睡眠时间长的人”的情况，段落第二句主要提到people who slept only 7 hours each night“每晚只睡 7个小时的人即睡眠时间短的人”呼应，因此E是答案。
整个段落只包含一个句子，该句主要以前的研究揭示了慢性睡眠不足的潜在危险。这与B项“习惯性睡眠不足的危险”呼应一致。所以答案为B。
A和F容易相互成为干扰项，这对于该段主题的判断具有一定的迷惑性，但由于段落中提到的“睡眠问题”是属于问卷上要回答的内容，是和Kripke的直接研究有关，所以判断“Kripke的研究”是段落的主题，因此A是答案。
剩下的3个选项中，选项F作为第1小题的干扰项成为本小题答案的可能性很小，选项C意为“对Kripke报告的批评”，整个段落主要提到了Kripke的研究发现和他的看法： Kridke found ... (Kridke发现）;Kripke noted ... (Kripke指出……); he added...（他补充说……）, 根本没有涉及到对Kripke的批评，因此C是干扰项，答案应该为D。该段首先分析了睡眠时间长的人出现睡眠问题的原因，然后指出克服失眠（睡眠问题的具体表现）的一种方法。
利用题干中的名词短语。good night's rest和名词people作为定位线索，在文章中找到相关句：These findings, which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psycho-somatic Medicine,demonstrate that people who want to get a good night's rest may not need to set aside more than 8 hours a night．依据该句可直接判断F项“睡眠超过8小时”是答案。
利用题干中的名词短语long sleepers作为定位线索，同时关注题干中的其他用词，这样在文章中找到相关句：Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight（与long sleepers呼应）appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep,as well as a number of other sleep problems, than people who sleep 8 hours a night．依据该句可直接判断E项“出现睡眠问题”是答案。
利用题干中的名词短语one of the sleep problems, the middle of the night 作为定位线索，在文章中找到相关句：Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night,arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep,and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning. A项fall asleep again“再次入睡”是fall back to sleep的 近义结构，所以答案为A。
利用题干中的名词结构one survey, higher risk of dying作为定位线索，在 文章中找到相关句：one report（与 survey呼应）demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than peo-ple who sleep more．依据该句可直接判断C项“睡眠不足7个小时”是答案。 -
第10题：
共用题干
More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing
1 Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known,new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences.
2 Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep,as well as a number of other sleep problems,than people who sleep 8 hours a night. People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling re-freshed after a night's sleep than 8-hour sleepers.
3 These findings,which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine,demonstrate that people who want to get a good night's rest may not need to set aside more than 8 hours a night.He added that“it might be a good idea” for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed,but cau-tioned that more research is needed to confirm this.
4 Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep一for instance,one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more.
5 For the current report,Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep ques-tionaires,in which participants indicated how much they slept during the week and whether they experienced any sleep problems. Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night,arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep,and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning.
6 Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more like-ly to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours. In an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed. As evidence,he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed.“It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed,then they'll spend a higher percentage of time awake.”he said.Paragraph 4______
A: Kripke's Research
B: Dangers of Habitual Shortages of Sleep
C: Criticism on Kripke's Report
D: A way of Overcoming Insomnia
E: Sleep Problems of Long and Short Sleepers
F: Classification of Sleep Problems答案：B解析：该段中只包含两个句子，而每个句子中提到了have trouble falling asleep“很难入睡”，这表明该段主题应与睡眠问题相关。选项E和选项F都直接提到了sleep problems “睡眠问题”，因此推测答案可能来自这两个选项。选项E意为“睡眠时间长的人和睡眠时间短的人遇到的睡眠问题”，选项F意为“睡眠问题的分类”。结合段落内容来看，段落第一句主要提到people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight“每晚睡9-10个小时的人即睡眠时间长的人”的情况，段落第二句主要提到people who slept only 7 hours each night“每晚只睡 7个小时的人即睡眠时间短的人”呼应，因此E是答案。
整个段落只包含一个句子，该句主要提到以前的研究揭示了慢性睡眠不足的潜在危险。这与B项“习惯性睡眠不足的危险”呼应一致。所以答案为B。
A和F容易相互成为干扰项，这对于该段主题的判断具有一定的迷惑性，但由于段落中提到的“睡眠问题”是属于问卷上要回答的内容，是和Kripke的研究直接有关，所以判断“Kripke的研究”是段落的主题，因此A是答案。
剩下的3个选项中，选项F作为第1小题的干扰项成为本小题答案的可能性很小，选项C意为“对Kripke报告的批评”，整个段落主要提到了Kripke的研究发现和他的看法：Kripke found... (Kripke发现）; Kripke noted... (Kripke指出…); he added...（他补充说…），根本没有涉及到对Kripke的批评，因此C是干扰项，答案应该为D。该段首先分析了睡眠时间长的人出现睡眠问题的原因，然后指出克服失眠（睡眠问题的具体表现）的一种方法。
利用题干中的名词短语a good night's rest和名词people作为定位线索，在文章中找到相关句：These findings, which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psycho-somatic Medicine,demonstrate that people who want to get a good night's rest may not need to set aside more than 8 hours a night．依据该句可直接判断F项“睡眠超过8小时”是答案。
利用题干中的名词短语long sleepers作为定位线索，同时关注题干中的其他用词，这样在文章中找到相关句：Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight（与long sleepers呼应）appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep,as well as a number of other sleep problems, than people who sleep 8 hours a night．依据该句可直接判断E项“出现睡眠问题”是答案。
利用题干中的名词短语one of the sleep problems, the middle of the night 作为定位线索，在文章中找到相关句：sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night,arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep,and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning. A项fall asleep again“再次入睡”是fall back to sleep的近，义结构，所以答案为A。
利用题干中的名词结构one survey, higher risk of dying作为定位线索，在文章中找到相关句：one report（与 survey呼应）demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than peo-ple who sleep more．依据该句可直接判断C项“睡眠不足7个小时”是答案。 -
第11题：
共用题干
More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing
Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known,new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences.
Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep,as well as a number of other sleep problems,than people who sleep 8 hours a night. People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a night's sleep than 8-hour sleepers.
These findings,which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, demonstrate that people who want to get a good night's rest may not need to set aside more than 8 hours a night. He added that it might be a good idea for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed,but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm this.
Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep,for instance, one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more.
For the current report,Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep questionnaires,in which participants indicated how much they slept during the week and whether they experienced any sleep problems.Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night,arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep,and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning.
Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours.In an interview,Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed. As evidence,he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed."It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed,then they'll spend a higher percentage of time awake,"he said.One survey showed that people who habitually______each night have a higher risk of dying.
A:fall asleep again
B:become more energetic the following day
C:sleep less than 7 hours
D:confirm those serious consequences
E:suffer sleep problems
F: sleep more than 8 hours答案：C解析：Investigators … found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling , than…该句回应了文章的主题―睡眠时间太长不是好事。对应被选项发现只有E和F与这个内容有关系，但段落最后一句中又提到了睡眠不足的人的问题，因此判断E（睡眠时间长和睡眠时间短的人所面临的睡眠问题）是答案。
第四段只有一句话：Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep , for instance…这句话表明了该段的中心是“长期睡眠不足的潜在危险“。因此选B。
第五段一开始就提到了Kripke的研究，但后来也说到Sleep problems included … A和F容易相互成为干扰项，具有一定的迷惑性。但由于段落中提到的“睡眠问题”属于Kripke的问卷上要回答的内容，和Kripke的研究有关，所以判断A是答案。
第六段中出现的Kripke found , Kripke noted和he added表明Kripke的观点和态度应该是该段的中心，对比被选项，排除C（段落中没有出现批评的话语）和F(段落中没有具体提到睡眠问题的表现形式），而该段倒数第二句中one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed(克服失眠的方法之一是少花时间在床上）与D呼应。
根据搭配结构need to do sth．判断所有选项都在语法上合适。因此要借助句意来判断，答案是F。
借助句意“根据报道，睡眠时间长的人更有可能……”，并结合文章主题（睡眠时间长不是好事情）判断E合适。也可借助文章中的相关内容（利用题干中的Long sleepers和 more likely作为答案线索）: Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours.
句意为“其中的一个睡眠问题是在半夜醒来，不能……”文章第五段倒数第一句话提到午夜醒来很难再次入睡，直接判断A合适。
句意：“一项调查显示那些习惯性每晚……的人有更高的死亡风险。”在第四段找到相关信息：people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more．判断C是答案。 -
第12题：
共用题干
More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing
Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known,new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences.
Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep,as well as a number of other sleep problems,than people who sleep 8 hours a night. People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a night's sleep than 8-hour sleepers.
These findings,which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, demonstrate that people who want to get a good night's rest may not need to set aside more than 8 hours a night. He added that it might be a good idea for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed,but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm this.
Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep,for instance, one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more.
For the current report,Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep questionnaires,in which participants indicated how much they slept during the week and whether they experienced any sleep problems.Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night,arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep,and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning.
Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours.In an interview,Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed. As evidence,he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed."It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed,then they'll spend a higher percentage of time awake,"he said.Long sleepers are reported to be more likely to______.
A:fall asleep again
B:become more energetic the following day
C:sleep less than 7 hours
D:confirm those serious consequences
E:suffer sleep problems
F: sleep more than 8 hours答案：E解析：Investigators … found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling , than…该句回应了文章的主题―睡眠时间太长不是好事。对应被选项发现只有E和F与这个内容有关系，但段落最后一句中又提到了睡眠不足的人的问题，因此判断E（睡眠时间长和睡眠时间短的人所面临的睡眠问题）是答案。
第四段只有一句话：Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep , for instance…这句话表明了该段的中心是“长期睡眠不足的潜在危险“。因此选B。
第五段一开始就提到了Kripke的研究，但后来也说到Sleep problems included … A和F容易相互成为干扰项，具有一定的迷惑性。但由于段落中提到的“睡眠问题”属于Kripke的问卷上要回答的内容，和Kripke的研究有关，所以判断A是答案。
第六段中出现的Kripke found , Kripke noted和he added表明Kripke的观点和态度应该是该段的中心，对比被选项，排除C（段落中没有出现批评的话语）和F(段落中没有具体提到睡眠问题的表现形式），而该段倒数第二句中one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed(克服失眠的方法之一是少花时间在床上）与D呼应。
根据搭配结构need to do sth．判断所有选项都在语法上合适。因此要借助句意来判断，答案是F。
借助句意“根据报道，睡眠时间长的人更有可能……”，并结合文章主题（睡眠时间长不是好事情）判断E合适。也可借助文章中的相关内容（利用题干中的Long sleepers和 more likely作为答案线索）: Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours.
句意为“其中的一个睡眠问题是在半夜醒来，不能……”文章第五段倒数第一句话提到午夜醒来很难再次入睡，直接判断A合适。
句意：“一项调查显示那些习惯性每晚……的人有更高的死亡风险。”在第四段找到相关信息：people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more．判断C是答案。 -
第13题：
Which of the following is true regarding the use of switches and hubs for network connectivity（）。
- A、Switches take less time to process frames than hubs take.
- B、Switches do not forward broadcasts.
- C、Hubs can filter frames.
- D、Using hubs can increase the amount of bandwidth available to hosts.
- E、Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.
正确答案:E -
第14题：
单选题Which of the following is true about email according to the passage?AEmail reduces other forms of contact.
BEmail enhances other forms of contact.
CAbout 25% of network members are contacted by email weekly.
DWith email, people try hard to maintain more relationships.
正确答案： C解析：
录音中指出“Contrary to fears that email would reduce other forms of contact…”(与电子邮件会减弱其他的交流形式的担心相反…)，由此可推测出电子邮件可能会加强其他交流形式，所以选B。 -
第15题：
单选题According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?AMost voters support the government's effort to help young people to work.
BSome people protest against the government's attempt to force young people to work.
CThere are more than one million young people who took part in the program.
DThere are more than one million young people who are jobless.
正确答案： C解析： -
第16题：
单选题Which of the following is true regarding the use of switches and hubs for network connectivity?（）ASwitches take less time to process frames than hubs take.
BSwitches do not forward broadcasts.
CHubs can filter frames.
DUsing hubs can increase the amount of bandwidth available to hosts.
ESwitches increase the number of collision domains in the network.
正确答案： E解析： 暂无解析