单选题Sugar manufactures have ______.A tried hard to make experiments on their own with sugar on humans and animalsB invested millions of dollars in buying best names of scientists to sell sugar.C hoped to encounter some scientific findings about sugar.D tri
题目
tried hard to make experiments on their own with sugar on humans and animals
invested millions of dollars in buying best names of scientists to sell sugar.
hoped to encounter some scientific findings about sugar.
tried hard to establish public relations in order to open the market for sugar.
相似考题
更多“单选题Sugar manufactures have ______.A tried hard to make experiments on their own with sugar on humans and animalsB invested millions of dollars in buying best names of scientists to sell sugar.C hoped to encounter some scientific findings about sugar.D tri”相关问题
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第1题：
In some parts of the world, such as in England, tea ______ with milk and sugar.
A is serving
B serves
C is served
D served
参考答案C
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第2题：
A
If you go to a fast food restaurant．you will probably see a lot of teenagers． Today，many teenagers are overweight，and some of．this is because of their bad eating habits．， Most teenagers love food with a lot of fat，oil，salt，and sugar． People often call this kind of food "junk food"．
But． bad eating habits go beyond fast food． We find many teenagers eat unhealthily． Some don't have breakfast before they go to school． During the day，some don't have a proper meal for lunch． In a recent survey at one school，scientists found that over two-thirds of the students didn't follow a healthy diet． They didn't like vegetables，and many of them didn't like to eat fruits． They preferred to eat food with a lot of salt，sugar，or fat．
Parents today also worry about their children's diet． Some doctors give the ．following ad-vice :
★Teenagers shouldn't eat too much junk food．
★ Teenagers shouldn’t eat food with too much salt． Salt can cause high blood pressure(高血压) in the future．
★Teenagers should eat food with less fat，oil，and sugar．
★Teenagers need to eat some fruits and vegetables every day: Fruits and vegetables arerich in vitamins(维生素 ) and have little fat．
★Teenagers need to drink more milk． Milk will help their bones grow．
★Teenagers need to eat breakfast every day． This is good for their body and mind．
( )21．"Junk food" contains(包含) a lot of ________．
A． milk and sugar
B． fruits and sugar
C． vegetables and salt
D． fat，oil，salt and sugar
正确答案：D
．21．D【解析】由第一段最后两句Most teenagers love food with a.lot of fat，oil，salt，and sugar. People of- ten call this kind of food“junk food".可知。 -
第3题：
共用题干
第二篇
Diabetes（糖尿病）and Eye Damage
Over 2 million Canadians have diabetes.It is the leading cause of blindness in North
Americans under 65 years of age.Diabetes is a condition where the body either cannot
produce enough insulin（胰岛素）or cannot respond properly to insulin. Insulin is important
because it moves glucose（葡萄糖）,a simple sugar, into the body's cells from the blood.
The food people eat provides the body with glucose,which is used by the cells as a source
of energy.If insulin isn't available or doesn't work correctly to move glucose from the blood
into the cells,glucose will stay in the blood,leading to high blood sugar levels.
High blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels,including the tiny blood vessels in
the eye．This leads to an eye disease known as diabetic retinopathy（糖尿病型视网膜病）.
The retina（视网膜）is an area at the back of the eye that changes light into nerve signals.
With diabetic retinopathy,some blood vessels in the retina are lost,and some of the other
blood vessels begin to"leak"blood.This causes the retina to swell,and gradually cuts off
its supply of oxygen and nutrients（滋养物）.Eventually , the retina starts to grow new
blood vessels to replace the damaged ones.Unfortunately,these new vessels are not as
strong as the old ones.They are more likely to break,causing bleeding in the eye.
At first,people with diabetic retinopathy will not notice any symptoms.As the disease
gets worse , they may notice blurred（模糊的）vision, black spots or flashing lights. As
time goes on,it can progress to blindness.Everyone with diabetes is at risk for diabetic
retinopathy,and the risk increases the longer you've had diabetes.
Fortunately,you can reduce your risk.If you do not have diabetes,but think you may
be at risk for this condition,visit your doctor to be screened for diabetes.If you do have
diabetes:
Have frequent eye check-ups.
Make sure that you monitor your blood sugar frequently and use your medications as
recommended by your doctor. There is evidence to show that keeping your blood sugar
under tight control can slow down eye damage.
If you have high blood pressure,follow your recommended diet and medications to
keep it under control.If you are not sure whether you have high blood pressure,or whether
your blood pressure is under control,discuss this with your doctor.Glucose cannot be turned into energy in the body
A: without diabetes.
B: without sugar.
C:without insu}in.
D:without food.答案：C解析： -
第4题：
To make the fish__nice,she put insome sugar and wine vinegar.A.taste
B.to taste
C.tasted
D.tasting答案：A解析： -
第5题：
共用题干
The Tough Grass That Sweetens Our Lives
Sugar cane was once a wild grass that grew in New Guinea and was used by local people for roofing their
houses and fencing their gardens. Gradually a different variety evolved which contained sucrose（蔗糖） and
was chewed on for its sweet taste.Over time,sugar cane became a highly valuable commercial plant,grown
throughout the world.___________(46)
Sugar became a vital ingredient in all kinds of things , from confectionery（糖果点心）to medicine,
and,as the demand for sugar grew,the industry became larger and more profitable.________(47)Many
crops withered（枯萎）and died,despite growers'attempts to save them,and there were fears that the
health of the plant would continue to deteriorate.
In the 1960s,scientists working in Barbados looked for ways to make the commercial species stronger
and more able to resist disease.They experimented with breeding programmes,mixing genes from the wild
species of sugar cane,which tends to be tougher,with genes from the more delicate,commercial type.
________(48)This sugar cane is not yet ready to be sold commercially,but when this happens,it is
expected to be incredibly profitable for the industry.
__________(49)Brazil,which produces one quarter of the world's sugar,has coordinated an interna-
tional project under Professor Paulo Arrudo of the Universidade Estaudual de Campinas in Sao Paulo.Teams
of experts have worked with him to discover more about which parts of the genetic structure of the plant are
important for the production of sugar and its overall health.
Despite all the research,however,we still do not fully understand how the genes act in sugar cane.
_________(50)This gene is particularly exciting because it makes the plant resistant to rust,a disease which
probably originated in India,but is now capable of infecting sugar cane across the world.Scientists believe
they will eventually be able to grow a plant which cannot be destroyed by rust._________（46）
A:Eventually,a commercial plant was developed which was 5 percent sweeter than before,but also much stronger and less likely to die from disease.
B:Unfortunately,however,the plant started to become weaker and more prone to disease.
C: One major gene has been identified by Dr Angelique D, Hont and her team in Montpelier, France.
D:The majority of the world's sugar now comes from this particular commercial species.
E:Sugar cane is now much more vigorous and the supply of sugar is therefore more guaranteed.
F: Since the 1960s,scientists have been analysing the mysteries of the sugar cane'S genetic code.答案：D解析：前一句话提到，甘蔗成了一种非常有价值的商业作物，在世界范围种植起来。因此这句话应该是讲种植甘蔗成了获得糖的主要来源。故选D。
前面一句说由于对糖需求的增加，种植甘蔗这一行业也得以壮大并且获利更多。后面 一句提到，很多甘蔗作物枯萎并且死掉，尽管种植者试图去救治它们，大家还是担心甘蔗的健 康状况会持续恶化。所以中间的句子应该是承接的转折句。故选B。
前面讲到，科学家们正在寻找一种能使商业型甘蔗更强壮、抗病性高的方法。他们实 验把野生甘蔗的基因和商业用甘蔗的基因相结合。后面一句讲这种类型的甘蔗还没有开始商 业化地出售。由此可知，中间的句子应该是讲将研发的这种商业型甘蔗的特点，故选A。
该句位于段首应该是主题句。根据后面的内容该段主要讲，巴西这个甘蔗生产大国和 一位教授合作来研究在甘蔗的基因结构中，哪一部分对生产糖最重要以及它整体的健康状况。 故选F，意思是“从二十世纪六十年代起，科学家们就开始分析甘蔗基因的神秘性。”
前一句讲，尽管做了这么多的研究，但是我们仍不清楚甘蔗的基因情况。后一句开头 说“这一基因之所以独特地存在是因为······”，这里提到的这一基因（this gene）应该是新发现 的，故选C。第6部分：完形填空 -
第6题：
The scientists have conducted a series of experiments.A:actions
B:tests
C:effects
D:technologies答案：B解析：科学家们已经进行了一系列的实验。action“行动，活动”，如：The government is taking actions to deal with a housing crisis．政府正在采取行动解决住房危机。test“试验”，如：I try to finish the test within ten minutes．我试图在10分钟之内完成这项试验。 effect “影响”，如：The sunshine has many effects on the skin．阳光对皮肤有很多种影响。technology “技术”，如：Science and technology are the primary productive force．科学技术是第一生产力。只有tests意思上和experiments最接近。 -
第7题：
The scientists are（）a series of experiments to learn more about how the body adapts to weightlessness.
Adefining
Bhaving
Ccarrying
Ddoing
D
略 -
第8题：
单选题Which of the following is the best revision of the underlined portion of sentence 2 (reproduced below)?This is the experience that a thinker has when, after they thought about a problem long and hard, they suddenly come upon a solution in a flash when they are no longer thinking about it.Athat a thinker has when, after they thought long and hard about a problem, their solution suddenly arises like a flash
Bthat thinkers have when a solution suddenly had arisen like a flash after they were thinking long and hard about a problem
Cthat a thinker has when, after having thought long and hard about a problem, they suddenly come upon a solution
Dthat thinkers have when, after having thought long hard hard about a problem, they suddenly come upon a solution
Ethat thinkers have when, thinking long and hard about a problem, they suddenly come upon a solution in a flash
正确答案： B解析：
D选项最符合逻辑且最简洁。 -
第9题：
单选题The shop doesn't have brown sugar in（）at the moment, but they expect to have some tomorrow.Astore
Bstorage
Cstock
Dportion
正确答案： B解析： 暂无解析 -
第10题：
单选题— Would you like some tea, please?— Yes, and I prefer tea ______ some sugar.Ato
Bfor
Cwith
Dfrom
正确答案： B解析：
考查介词辨析。根据回答，我喜欢加糖的茶。可知，这里用with意为“随着，和…”，表示伴随。 -
第11题：
单选题The scientists are（）a series of experiments to learn more about how the body adapts to weightlessness.Adefining
Bhaving
Ccarrying
Ddoing
正确答案： C解析： 暂无解析 -
第12题：
单选题All of the following are true about sugar EXCEPT ______.ARefined sugar alone can be a diet for people to live on for a few days
BSugar can cause diabetes, cancer and heart diseases
CUnrefined sugar was once good and very cheap if used to feed and fatten livestock
DSugar cannot be used as a daily diet
正确答案： A解析：
文中第二段指出The five surviving sailors were finally rescued nine days after the accident.，即“海难中的船员靠吃糖活了九天”，A项正确。第五段指出removal of sugar from diets ahs cured symptoms of crippling, worldwide diseases such as diabetes, cancer and heart illnesses，即取消饮食中的糖可治愈许多疾病，B项正确。第四段指出As a steady diet, sugar is worse than nothing，即“一些事例证明糖作为一种固定饮食，其坏处比不吃任何东西还多”，D项也正确。只有C项不是文中所论内容，故选C项。 -
第13题：
No Sweet Talk About Sugar
Sugar's proponents call it quick energy, opponents say it's empty calories (卡路里) 。 But to the average person, who consumes a quarter of a pound of it each day, sugar is mostly an irresistibly good taste.In fact, people seem to have an innate "sweet tooth."
Human societies have long equated sweetness with goodness - sweet mystery of life, sweet smell of success, sweetheart - and that enhances (增强;提高) the attraction.But in recent years, sugar has also been singled out as a potential enemy of the healthy life.Cited for such evils as distracting youngsters from more nutritious (营养的) foodstuffs, enhancing obesity (肥胖), ruining teeth and causing diabetes(糖尿病), it has become the most maligned (恶毒的) of the main components of our diet.
Sugar, like starch, is a carbohydrate (碳水化合物).Its many types include sucrose (table sugar refined from sugarcane or beets), lactose (milk sugar), fructose (fruit sugar), glucose (blood sugar), dextrose (右旋糖), maltose(麦芽糖) and galactose (半乳糖).Seventy percent of the sugar in the labels on all the packaged products in your pantry (食品室) and see how many list sugar (or corn syrup) as a main ingredient (成分) 。
Early this century, the average North American consumed about 76 pounds of refined sugar a year, but starches formed two thirds of his dietary carbohydrates.Today, per-capita refined sugar consumption hovers around 95 pounds, and all types of sugar represent more than half the carbohydrate calories.But in relying on sucrose-sweetened processed foods as a main carbohydrate source, we may miss the essential nutrients - fiber, vitamins and minerals - found in other carbohydrate foods like fruits, vegetables and breads.
The body has no physiological need for sucrose that cannot be satisfied by other, more nutritious foods.The body can convert starches to sugar, or use the sugar in fruits and vegetables for energy.In fact, nutrition experts say that even the purported (传说的) need for sugar as quick energy is a myth except in a few rare situations, such as a diabetic in insulin shock.During exercise, the body calls upon its reserve of glycogen (肝糖) (and, if that runs low, fatty acids from the breakdown of triglycerides) to supply the muscles with needed energy.If you eat sugar before exercising, your body simply stores it.
As for sugar's reputed adverse (不利的) health effects, the following can be said on the basis of available evidence:
Obesity, Sugar supplies four calories per gram - about the same as protein and less half that of fat.Excess caloric intake, not sugar, causes obesity.But since calories can be highly concentrated in sugar-sweetened foods, you may eat many more calories than you need of such foods before you feel full or even realize how much you consumed.
Tooth decay.Sugar definitely promotes the development of dental caries.Bacteria in the mouth digest (消化) the sugar on tooth surfaces, and produce acid which eats away the enamel (珐琅).It is the time sugar remains on the teeth, rather than the amount eaten, that makes the difference.To reduce the risk of decay, dentists recommend rinsing your mouth or brushing you teeth after consuming anything sweet, and avoiding sweets between meals.
Diabetes.In diabetes, the pancreas (胰腺) fails to produce enough insulin to clear the blood of excess glucose.Thus, diabetics must curb their intake of sweets lest their blood-sugar levels rise dangerously high.But the important factor in diabetes is controlling body weight.
Heart Disease.The theory that sugar is an important factor in heart disease does not have wide support among experts, who say that fats and cholesterol (胆固醇) are the more likely culprits (罪魁祸首).
Some people have a tendency to develop high blood levels of fatty substances called triglycerides, which may promote atherosclerosis (动脉硬化).They are often advised to reduce their sugar intake, but losing weight is more important.Diets free of sucrose can lower abnormally high triglyceride levels, but they have been found to have little or no effect on triglyceride levels that are acceptable in the first place.
1、What does the word "innate" mean?()
A、born with
B、implanted
C、bad
D、healthy
2、Which of the following statements is NOT true?()
A、There are many types of sugar such as sucrose, lactose, fructose, etc.
B、Sugar can cause many health problems such as obesity, tooth decay and diabetes.
C、Sugar is not nutritious because it doesn't contain fiber, vitamin and mineral.
D、Sugar is physiologically needed by the body and can not be substituted by other substance.
3、"Curb their intake of sweets" can also be referred to as()their intake of sweets.
A、increase
B、decrease
C、limit
D、take
4、Based on the ideas presented in the passage we can conclude that ().
A、there is not available evidence to show sugar's bad effects
B、if you eat a lot of sweet food, you may suffer from obesity, because such food contains a lot of calories
C、to limit sugar intake is the most important thing for the atherosclerosis patient
D、most experts believe that sugar can cause heart disease
5、From the passage, we know().
A、sugar eats away the enamel, thus causing tooth decay
B、the cause for diabetes is the excessive intake of sugar
C、fats and cholesterol have nothing to do with heart disease
D、high level triglycerides may increase the chances of atherosclerosis
参考答案：ADCBD
-
第14题：
You should have blended the butter with the sugar thoroughly.A:spread
B:mixed
C:beaten
D:covered答案：B解析： -
第15题：
I don’t want ( ) sugar in my Coffee
A any
B some
C a
D an答案：A解析： -
第16题：
In preparing scientific reports of laboratory experiments,a student should exhibit his findings in logical order and clear language.A:furnish
B:propose
C:raise
D:present答案：D解析：本句话的意思：准备实验报告时，学生应将结果以符合逻辑的顺序和清晰的语言呈现出来。furnish意为“配备，提供”，如：furnish the room with two beds给房间放置两张床；furnish me with new information给我提供新消息。propose意为“建议”，如：He proposed that a change should be made.他建议做一些改变。raise意为“提出”，如：I'm glad you raised that point．你能把那一点指出来，我感到很高兴。present意为“呈现”，最符合题意，如：Tobacco company is trying to present a favorable image.烟草公司正努力塑造一个积极的形象。 -
第17题：
You should have blended the butter with the sugar thoroughly.A:spread
B:mixed
C:beaten
D:covered答案：B解析： -
第18题：
共用题干
The Tough Grass that Sweetens Our Lives
Sugar cane was once a wild grass that grew in New Guinea and was used by local people for roofing their
houses and fencing their gardens. Gradually a different variety evolved which contained sucrose（蔗糖）and
was chewed on for its sweet taste.Over time,sugar cane became a highly valuable commercial plant,grown
throughout the world.___________(46)
Sugar became a vital ingredient in all kinds of things, from confectionery（糖果点心）to medicine,
and,as the demand for sugar grew,the industry became larger and more profitable._________(47)Many
crops withered（枯萎）and died,despite growers'attempts to save them,and there were fears that the health
of the plant would continue to deteriorate.
In the 1960s,scientists working in Barbados looked for ways to make the commercial species stronger
and more able to resist disease.They experimented with breeding programmes,mixing genes from the wild
species of sugar cane,which tends to be tougher,with genes from the more delicate,commercial type.
_________(48)This sugar cane is not yet ready to be sold commercially,but when this happens,it is
expected to be incredibly profitable for the industry.
___________(49)Brazil,which produces one quarter of the world's sugar,has coordinated an interna-
tional project under Professor Paulo Arrudo of the Universidade Estaudual de Campinas in Sao Paulo.Teams
of experts have worked with him to discover more about which parts of the genetic structure of the plant are
important for the production of sugar and its overall health.
Despite all the research,however,we still do not fully understand how the genes function in sugar
cane.__________(50)This gene is particularly exciting because it makes the plant resistant to rust,a dis-
ease which probably originated in India,but is now capable of infecting sugar cane across the world.Scien-
tists believe they will eventually be able to grow a plant which cannot be destroyed by rust.__________(46)
A:The majority of the world's sugar now comes from this particular commercial species.
B:Unfortunately,however,the plant started to become weaker and more prone to disease.
C:Eventually,a commercial plant was developed which was 5 percent sweeter than before,but also much stronger and less likely to die from disease.
D:Since the 1960s,scientists have been analysing the mysteries of the sugar cane's genetic code.
E:One major gene has been identified by Dr Angelique D'Hont and her team in Montpelier,France.
F: Sugar cane is now much more vigorous and the supply of sugar is therefore more guaranteed.答案：A解析：前一句话提到，甘蔗成了一种非常有价值的商业作物，在世界范围种植起来。因此这 句话应该是讲种植甘蔗成了获得糖的主要来源。故选A。
前面一句说由于对糖需求的增加，种植甘蔗这一行业也得以壮大并且获利更多。后面 一句提到，很多甘蔗作物枯萎并且死掉，尽管种植者试图去救治它们，大家还是担心甘蔗的健 康状况会持续恶化。所以中间的句子应该是承接的转折句。故选B。
前面讲到，科学家们正在寻找一种能使商业型甘蔗更强壮、抗病性更高的方法。他 们实验把野生甘蔗的基因和商业用甘蔗的基因相结合。后面一句讲这种类型的甘蔗还没有 开始商业化地出售。由此可知，中间的句子应该是讲将研发的这种商业型甘蔗的特点。故 选C。
该句位于段首应该是主题句。根据后面的内容该段主要讲，巴西这个甘蔗生产大国和 一位教授合作来研究在甘蔗的基因结构中，哪一部分对生产糖最重要以及甘蔗整体的健康状 况。故选D，意思是“从二十世纪六十年代起，科学家们就开始分析甘蔗基因的神秘性。”
前一句讲，尽管做了这么多的研究，但是我们仍不清楚甘蔗的基因情况。后一句开头说“这一基因之所以独特地存在是因为······”，这里提到的这一基因（this gene）应该是新发现 的。故选E。第6部分：完形填空 -
第19题：
单选题PPL scientists will try to solve their problem by ______.Aremoving the sugar molecule on the surface of pig cells.
Bdistinguishing human tissues form those of pigs.
Cusing the sugar-free nucleus in cloning a pig.
Dtaking out the sugar genes from the cell of a pig.
正确答案： C解析：
细节理解题。根据题干信息定位到第三段第三句“PPL scientists recently succeeded in finding the gene responsible for the sugar and knocking it out of the nucleus of a pig cell.”，由此可知，科学家们已经成功的将存在于猪的细胞核里的与糖分子相关的基因剔除了，这些基因存在于猪的细胞核，而不是细胞表面，故A选项错误；B选项的观点无中生有；PPL的科学家想用不含糖的细胞核克隆猪，防止人体产生排斥反应，以解决他们的问题，故C项正确；D选项只是解决该问题过程当中的一个步骤，不是解决问题的全部，故不选。 -
第20题：
单选题According to scientists diabetes causes all the following EXCEPT_____.Alack of insulin
Baccumulation of sugar energy
Cbrain damages
Ddisorder in the immune system
正确答案： D解析：
最后一段提到糖尿病发生的原因。首先是免疫系统，它非但不抵御进去体内的细菌，反而攻击身体的某些部位，所以免疫系统混乱，不能正常工作，故D正确。糖尿病将胰岛里产生胰岛素的细胞杀死，没有了胰岛素就不能吸收糖分，糖分堆积在体液中和其他组织中，体内缺少糖分提供能量，故A，B正确。C在文中并未提及。 -
第21题：
单选题Mother told Rose to buy some sugar in the supermarket and _____.Ashe did so
Bso she did
Cso did she
Dshe did such
正确答案： A解析：
so替代前面提到的要求所做的事情，此时不用倒装，故选A。 -
第22题：
问答题Excessive sugar has a strong mal-effect on the functioning of active (1) o____ such as the heart, kidneys and the brain. Shipwrecked sailors who ate and drank nothing but sugar for nine days surely went (2)____ some of this trauma. This incident occurred when a vessel carrying a (3) ca____ of sugar was shipwrecked in 1793. The five (4)____(survive) sailors were finally rescued nine days after the accident. They were in a wasted condition due to starvation, having consumed nothing but (5)____.French physiologist F. Magendie was inspired by that incident to (6) co____ a series of experiments with (7) an____. In the experiments, he fed dogs a diet of sugar and water. All the dogs wasted and died. The shipwrecked sailors and the French physiologist’s experimental dogs proved the same point. As a steady diet, sugar is worse than nothing. Plain water can keep you (8) a____ for quite some time. Sugar and water can kill you. Humans and animals are “unable to subsist (9)____ a diet of sugar”. The dead dogs in Professor Magendie’s (10) la____ alerted the sugar industry to the hazards of free scientific inquiry. From that day to this, the sugar industry has invested millions of dollars in behind-the-scenes, subsidized science. The best scientific names that money could buy have been hired, in the hope that they could one day come up with something at least pseudoscientific in the way of glad tidings about sugar.正确答案： 1.organs 后面提到的心脏、肾和大脑都属于人体器官,所以此处应填organs。
2.through go through经历 (痛苦、困难等),遭受。trauma损伤,创伤。
3.cargo 船上载的糖属于船货。cargo船货,货物。
4.surviving 动名词作形容词,作sailors的定语。
5.sugar 第一段最后一句提到过Shipwrecked sailors who ate and drank nothing but sugar for nine days…。
6.conduct conduct experiment做实验。
7.animals 空格后面提到在实验中他只喂狗水和糖,可见他的实验对象是动物。
8.alive 淡水可以让人存活很长时间,与后面一句提到的“水和糖一起会让人死亡”对应。
9.on subsist on靠…生活,以…维持生命。
10.laboratory / lab 上文提到在Magendie做的一系列试验中所有的狗都死了,可断定此处的死狗是在Magendie的实验室中。解析： 暂无解析 -
第23题：
单选题Scientists find that it is possible to cure diabetes by means of _____.Aoperation on pancreas
Bstopping the accumulation of blood cells
Caccumulation sugar energy
Dpreventing the immune system from making mistakes
正确答案： D解析：
最后一段最后一句提到了这种治疗的新方法“he potential new treatments would either stop the immune system from making a mistake or suppress an existing erroneous response.”，或者组织免疫系统出错，或者压制现存的错误反应。故选D。