问答题[A] What to do as a student?　　[B] Various definitions of plagiarism　　[C] Ideas should always be sourced　　[D] Ignorance can be forgiven　　[E] Plagiarism is equivalent to theft　　[F] The consequences of plagiarism 　　Scholars, writers and teachers in the mo

题目
问答题
[A] What to do as a student?　　[B] Various definitions of plagiarism　　[C] Ideas should always be sourced　　[D] Ignorance can be forgiven　　[E] Plagiarism is equivalent to theft　　[F] The consequences of plagiarism 　　Scholars, writers and teachers in the modern academic community have strong feelings about acknowledging the use of another person’s ideas. In the English-speaking world, the term plagiarism is used to label the practice of not giving credit for the source of one’s ideas. Simply stated, plagiarism is “the wrongful appropriation or purloining, and publication as one’s own of the ideas, or the expression of ideas of another.”　　1. ____________________　　The penalties for plagiarism vary from situation to situation.  In many universities, the punishment may range from failure in a particular course to expulsion from the university. In the literary world, where writers are protected from plagiarism by international copyright laws, the penalty may range from a small fine to imprisonment and a ruined career. Protection of scholars and writers, through the copyright laws and through the social pressures of the academic and literary communities, is a relatively recent concept. Such social pressures and copyright laws require writers to give scrupulous attention to documentation of their sources.　　2. ____________________　　Students, as inexperienced scholars themselves, must avoid various types of plagiarism by being self-critical in their use of other scholars’ ideas and by giving appropriate credit for the source of borrowed ideas and words, otherwise dire consequences may occur. There are at least three classifications of plagiarism as it is revealed in students’ inexactness in identifying sources properly. They are plagiarism by accident, by ignorance, and by intention.　　3. ____________________　　Plagiarism by accident, or oversight, sometimes is the result of the writer’s inability to decide or remember where the idea came from. He may have read it long ago, heard it in a lecture since forgotten, or acquired it second-hand or third-hand from discussions with colleagues. He may also have difficulty in deciding whether the idea is such common knowledge that no reference to the original source is needed. Although this type of plagiarism must be guarded against, it is the least serious and, if lessons learned, can be exempt from being severely punished.　　4. ____________________　　Plagiarism through ignorance is simply a way of saying that inexperienced writers often do not know how or when to acknowledge their sources. The techniques for documentation —notetaking, quoting, footnoting, listing bibliography—are easily learned and can prevent the writer from making unknowing mistakes or omissions in his references. Although “there is no copyright in news, or in ideas, only in the expression of them,” the writer cannot plead ignorance when his sources for ideas are challenged.　　5. ____________________　　The most serious kind of academic thievery is plagiarism by intention. The writer, limited by his laziness and dullness, copies the thoughts and languages of others and claims them for his own. He not only steals, he tries to deceive the reader into believing the ideas are original. Such words as immoral, dishonest, offensive, and despicable are used to describe the practice of plagiarism by intention.　　The opposite of plagiarism is acknowledgement. All mature and trustworthy writers make use of the ideas of others but they are careful to acknowledge their indebtedness to their sources. Students, as developing scholars, writers, teachers, and professional leaders, should recognize and assume the responsibility to document all sources from which language and thoughts are borrowed. Other members of the profession will not only respect the scholarship, they will admire the humility and honesty.
相似考题

1.– I’m bound to lose again. What should I do? –()(A) What a pity!(B) Next time do better.(C) No problem.(D) Cheer up. You can do it.

2.Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Plagiarism is the practice of dishonestly claiming or implying original authorship of material which one has not actually created, such as when a person incorporates material from someone else's work into his own work without attributing it. The United States of America Office of Research Integrity【C1】______ plagiarism as "the appropriation of another person's idea, processes, results or words without【C2】______ appropriate credit". Moreover, Shakespeare's appropriation of stories into his plays may be considered plagiarism except that Shakespeare【C3】______ claimed that the stories were his own.Within academia, plagiarism is seen as【C4】______ dishonesty and is a serious and punishable academic offense.There is little academic research into the frequency of plagiarism. Any research that has taken place has【C5】______ on universities (high educations). Of the【C6】______ of cheating (including plagiarism, inventing data and cheating during an exam), students admit to plagiarism more than any other. 25% to 90% of students admit to plagiarism. However, this figure【C7】______ considerably to 20% and 10% when students are asked about the frequency of "serious" plagiarism (such as copying most of an assignment, or purchasing a【C8】______ paper from a website).Plagiarism is not necessarily the same as copyright infringement(侵害), which occurs when one violates copyright law. The copying of a few sentences for a【C9】______ is fair use under copyright law, but, if not attributed to the true【C10】______ , it is plagiarism.A) increases I) neverB) focused J) completeC) social K) decreasesD) forms L) dependedE) quotation M) authorF) ever N) definedG) giving O) paragraphH) academic【C1】

3.听力原文： (32)Your assignments this term will be to write two major research papers．One of the most important things about writing a research paper is giving proper credit of your resources of information. Failure to do this is called plagiarism which is a form. of intellectual dishonesty.(33)Plagiarism is a kind of stealing or at least an unauthorized borrowing of someone else's ideas. Sometimes inexperienced students will plagiarize unintentionally, and then be surprised when the teacher won't accept their papers, or gives them a failing grade.The best way to avoid an unintentional plagiarizing is to be very careful in gathering your information. As you take notes on books and magazine articles about the topic you've selected, first try to assimilate the information thoroughly. (34)Secondly, write it down in your own words. This is called paraphrasing. If you do a good job of paraphrasing, you'll capture the main idea from your source without actually using any phrases from it. (34)Most of your notes should probably be paraphrases. However, occasionally you may find something you wish to quote directly in your research paper. In this Case, (35)be sure that you copy the quotation precisely in your notes and enclose it in quotation marks. That way when you're finalizing your research paper, you'll be able to remember which of your notes are direct quotes and which are your own summaries of the material. You can then incorporate them appropriately and give the original author proper credit.(33)A．Reading magazine articles.B．Reviewing book reports.C．Writing research papers.D．Selecting information sources.

4.DIt is true that good writers rewrite and rewrite and then rewrite some more. But in order to work up the desire to rewrite, it is important to learn to like what you write at the early stage.I am surprised at the number of famous writers I know who say that they so dislike reading their own writing later that they even hate to look over the publishers’ opinions. One reason we may dislike reading our own work is that we’re often disappointed that the rich ideas in our minds seem very thin and plain when first written down. Jerry Fodor and Steven Pinker suggest that this fact may be a result of how our minds work. .Different from popular belief ,we do not usually think in the works and sentences of ordinary language but in symbols for ideas （known as “mentalese”）, and writing our ideas down is an act of translation from that symbolic language . But while mentalese contains our thoughts in the form. of a complex tapestry （织锦），writing can only be composed one thread at a time . Therefore it should not be surprising that our first attempt at expressing ideas should look so simple. It is only by repeatedly rewriting that we produces new threads and connect them to get closer to the ideas formed in our minds.When people write as if some strict critics （批评家） are looking over their shoulder , they are so worried about what this critic might say that they get stuck before they even start. Peter Elbow makes an excellent suggestion to deal with this problem. When writing we should have two different minds. At the first stage, we should see every idea, as well as the words we use to express it ,as wonderful and worth putting down . It is only during rewrites that we should examine what we excitedly wrote in the first stage and check for weaknesses.68. What do we learn from the text about those famous writers?A They often regret writing poor worksB Some of them write surprisingly much.C Many of them hate reading their own worksD They are happy to review the publishers’ opinions.

参考答案和解析
正确答案：
1. F 近义释义法。需选出文章的第一个子标题。该子标题下面的段落中关键词是penalty. 该段内容主要是对于剽窃的不同处罚,这一点可以从这样的表述中看出:the penalty may range from…to…因此我们应该选择[F]选项The consequences of plagiarism(剽窃的后果),即会受到不同程度的处罚。[B]项中various definitions of plagiarism(剽窃的不同定义)中的various与该段第一句中various相同,但它实在是一个不太高明的干扰项。只要我们认清关键内容是处罚就能得到正确的答案。
2. A 近义释义法。需选出文章的第二个子标题。第二部分伊始就提到students…must avoid…很明显在告诉我们作为学生必须做的事情。因此我们可以确定选项[A]What to do as a student?是正确答案。段中“otherwise dire consequences may occur(否则会出现可怕的后果)”会对我们造成一定的误导。如何分辨这样的干扰呢?我们要注意本部分并没有紧跟着详细说明什么是具体的可怕的结果,而是接着谈起了剽窃的三种分类。因此运用排除法排除选项[F]The consequences of plagiarism。
3. D 近义释义法。需选出文章的第三个子标题。这一部分主要是讲述剽窃的一种:by accident or oversight(无意为之),除了最后一句话其余皆在分析造成这种剽窃行为的原因和可能性,比如记不清所引用的资料来自哪里,或者是间接获取的资料,又或者无法确定是否有必要注明出处等。关键在于最后一句话:应该预防这种剽窃,但它是最不严重的一种,如果人们从中吸取了教训可以免除严厉的惩罚。因此我们选择[D],无知是可以被原谅的。
4. C 因果关系法。需选出文章的第四个子标题。这道题有一定难度。可能有人一看到ignorance,便草率地选择答案D。仔细阅读这一部分,我们发现本段介绍了几种避免出现剽窃行为的方法,包括做注解、引用、脚注、列举参考书目。最后一句话中“虽然新闻或思想的版权体现在如何表述它们,但是每一个作者都无法对于剽窃自己思想的做法视而不见。”我们能感到作者的态度:即使是关于新闻或思想,我们在引用的时候也应该注明出处。因此我们选择答案[C],引用任何思想时都应注明出处。
5. E 同义再现法。需选出文章的第五个子标题。下文主要介绍了最为严重的有意剽窃产生的原因以及该种行为的恶劣性质。作者提到了几个词如“不道德、不诚实、无礼和卑劣”可以使我们感到作者对剽窃的厌恶。文中出现了“he not only steals”,选项[E]“plagiarism is equivalent to theft(剽窃无异于偷窃)”中theft与原文中steal前后呼应,可以帮助我们确定[E]是最合适的答案。
解析： 暂无解析
更多“问答题[A] What to do as a student?　　[B] Various definitions of plagiarism　　[C] Ideas should always be sourced　　[D] Ignorance can be forgiven　　[E] Plagiarism is equivalent to theft　　[F] The consequences of plagiarism 　　Scholars, writers and teachers in the mo”相关问题

  • 第1题：

    Passage Two

    The other day I heard an American say to a Chinese student of English "You speak very good English." But the student answered, "No, no. My English is very poor." The foreigner was quite surprised at the answer. Thinking he had not made himself understood or the student had not heard him clearly, he said, "Yes indeed, you speak English very well." But the Chinese student still kept saying "No". In the end the foreigner gave up and was at a loss what to say. What's wrong with the student's answer? It is because he did not accept a compliment(赞美的话)as the English people do. He should have said "Thank you" instead of "No". He actually understood what the American had said. But he thought he should be modest. If he said "Thank you", that would mean he was too proud. According to the western culture, if someone says the dishes you have cooked are very delicious, you should say "Thank you". If someone says to a Woman "You look so beautiful with the new clothes on", she should be very happy and answer "Thank you". In our country we think being modest is a virtue and showing off a bad thing. But in the west, if you are modest and say "No, I'm afraid I can't do it well", then the others will take it for granted that you really cannot do it. If you often say "No", you will certainly be looked down upon by others. When asking for a job, if one says something like "Let me have a try on the job" instead of "Yes, I can certainly do it," he or she will never expect to get it. So in the west one should always be confident. Without self-confidence, he cannot go anywhere. Confidence is of great importance to one in a country where competition is quite keen.

    40. Why was the American surprised at the Chinese student's answer?

    A. Because he wondered whether the student could really speak good English.

    B. Because he could hardly hear what the student had said.

    C. Because he wouldn't like others to say "No".

    D. Because the way to accept a compliment in China is not the same as that in the western countries.


    正确答案：D

    此题为推论题。It is because he did not accept a compliment(赞美的话)as the English people do。通过此句知道中国人接受赞扬的方式与西方人的态度不同，并且可以推论出美国人为什么对中国学生的回答感到惊讶。

  • 第2题：

    共用题干
    第一篇

    Plagiarize

    Last fall Susan Youngwood,a journalism instructor at St. Michael's College,phoned the offices of Columbia Journalism Review(CJR)to pose a question.For an exercise in covering speeches,she
    had asked her students to listen to John F. Kennedy's inaugural address and write a story about it.The sixteen students,mostly sophomores,complied with the assignment. However,two students,acting independently,took a short cut,plagiarized New York Times' account of Kennedy's speech,and submitted the Times's words as their own.
    The students received an F for the course,the maximum penalty the journalism department demands.But Youngwood wanted more.She wanted examples that told her students why plagiarism was bad,and looked to CJR for guidance."I was curious about what happens on a professional level,"she said."If I am caught plagiarizing,what happens?"
    Her question was interesting. But the answers,like so many,are not a crisp black or white.
    Their tones of gray mirror the inconsistency with which society treats dozens of other offenses.To be sure,most writers and editors still regard plagiarism as a journalistic evil一the profession's cardinal sin."This is something you never,never do,"says James Fallows,Washington editor of The Atlantic Monthly. Every line of work needs clear rules.If you are a soldier,you don't desert. If you are a writer,you don't steal anyone's prose.It should be the one automatic firing.
    But it is not. Punishment is uneven,ranging from severe to virtually nothing even for major offenses.Some editors will keep a plagiarist on staff or will knowingly hire one if talent outweighs the wrong doing.
    If convinced Watergate burglar G. Gordon Liddy can become a talk show host with a hand of admiring followers and Richard Nixon can go to his grave a respected elder statesman,it's hardly surprising the journalists who commit plagiarism can continue their careers at the same publication or move on to some loftier endeavor.

    Two of the students failed the course because they______.
    A:took a short cut without the teacher's permission
    B:copied a newspaper article and pretended it was their own
    C:didn't listen to the president's inaugural address
    D:cited words from the New York Times in their assignments

    答案：B
    解析：
    第一段第二句说：“为了让学生练习写关于演讲的报道，她要求听肯尼迪的就职演说，然后写一篇报道。”这里story并不是故事的意思。
    第一段最后一句说：“但有两个学生走了捷径，他们抄袭了《纽约时报》关于肯尼迪就职演说的报道，并将《时代周刊》的文字变成了自己的。”
    第四段第三句指出：“有些编辑把抄袭者留了下来，或者是明知他是抄袭者，却因为他们的天赋胜过他们的错误而雇用他们。”
    最后一段，作者指出：“假如说已确认水门事件是犯罪行为，而Liddy还能成为有许多崇拜者的访谈节目主持人，尼克松也可以作为资深政治家在他去世时受到人们的尊敬，那么新闻工作者犯了抄袭的错误后在原来的出版机构继续工作，或者转换为更崇高的努力。”
    第二段中指出：Youngwood女士想用此例来告诉她的学生，抄袭有多么不好并向《哥伦比亚周刊》寻求指导。她问：“我好奇在专业水平上会发生些什么。如果我被发现抄袭了别人的文章，将会受到何种处罚？”第三段第一、二句指出：可是她得到的回答并不干脆利落、是非分明。他们不置可否的口气反映了美国社会对于其他类似事件的不一致看法。”

  • 第3题：

    共用题干
    第一篇

    Plagiarize

    Last fall Susan Youngwood,a journalism instructor at St. Michael's College,phoned the offices of Columbia Journalism Review(CJR)to pose a question.For an exercise in covering speeches,she
    had asked her students to listen to John F. Kennedy's inaugural address and write a story about it.The sixteen students,mostly sophomores,complied with the assignment. However,two students,acting independently,took a short cut,plagiarized New York Times' account of Kennedy's speech,and submitted the Times's words as their own.
    The students received an F for the course,the maximum penalty the journalism department demands.But Youngwood wanted more.She wanted examples that told her students why plagiarism was bad,and looked to CJR for guidance."I was curious about what happens on a professional level,"she said."If I am caught plagiarizing,what happens?"
    Her question was interesting. But the answers,like so many,are not a crisp black or white.
    Their tones of gray mirror the inconsistency with which society treats dozens of other offenses.To be sure,most writers and editors still regard plagiarism as a journalistic evil一the profession's cardinal sin."This is something you never,never do,"says James Fallows,Washington editor of The Atlantic Monthly. Every line of work needs clear rules.If you are a soldier,you don't desert. If you are a writer,you don't steal anyone's prose.It should be the one automatic firing.
    But it is not. Punishment is uneven,ranging from severe to virtually nothing even for major offenses.Some editors will keep a plagiarist on staff or will knowingly hire one if talent outweighs the wrong doing.
    If convinced Watergate burglar G. Gordon Liddy can become a talk show host with a hand of admiring followers and Richard Nixon can go to his grave a respected elder statesman,it's hardly surprising the journalists who commit plagiarism can continue their careers at the same publication or move on to some loftier endeavor.

    Liddy and Nixon are mentioned in the passage probably as an example to show______.
    A:how society punishes plagiarists in spite of their popularity
    B:why burglars and cooked politicians can escape punishment
    C:why it is hard for the journalist profession to uphold its principle
    D:how reporters can escape from severe punishment such as being fired

    答案：C
    解析：
    第一段第二句说：“为了让学生练习写关于演讲的报道，她要求听肯尼迪的就职演说，然后写一篇报道。”这里story并不是故事的意思。
    第一段最后一句说：“但有两个学生走了捷径，他们抄袭了《纽约时报》关于肯尼迪就职演说的报道，并将《时代周刊》的文字变成了自己的。”
    第四段第三句指出：“有些编辑把抄袭者留了下来，或者是明知他是抄袭者，却因为他们的天赋胜过他们的错误而雇用他们。”
    最后一段，作者指出：“假如说已确认水门事件是犯罪行为，而Liddy还能成为有许多崇拜者的访谈节目主持人，尼克松也可以作为资深政治家在他去世时受到人们的尊敬，那么新闻工作者犯了抄袭的错误后在原来的出版机构继续工作，或者转换为更崇高的努力。”
    第二段中指出：Youngwood女士想用此例来告诉她的学生，抄袭有多么不好并向《哥伦比亚周刊》寻求指导。她问：“我好奇在专业水平上会发生些什么。如果我被发现抄袭了别人的文章，将会受到何种处罚？”第三段第一、二句指出：可是她得到的回答并不干脆利落、是非分明。他们不置可否的口气反映了美国社会对于其他类似事件的不一致看法。”

  • 第4题：

    When a process is in control, what do you want to do with the process?（ ）.

    A.The process should not be adjusted
    B.The process may be adjusted for continuous improvement
    C.The process should be always adjusted for continuous quality
    D.The process should be regularly adjusted

    答案：B
    解析：
    翻译：

    当某一过程可控时，你会做什么？（75）

    A. 不应该调整该过程

    B. 根据持续改进的原则，该过程可能会被调整

    C. 为了质量能持续，该过程应该不断地被调整

    D. 该过程应该经常性地被调整

  • 第5题：

    共用题干
    第三篇

    Three Ways to Become More Creative

    Most people believe they don't have much imagination.They are wrong. Everyone has imagination,but
    most of us,once we become adults,forget how to access it.Creativity isn't always connected with great works
    of art or ideas.People at work and in their free time routinely think of creative ways to solve problems.Maybe
    you have a goal to achieve,a tricky question to answer or you just want to expand your mind!Here are three
    techniques to help you.
    This technique involves taking unrelated ideas and trying to find links between them. First,think about
    the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do.Then find an image,word,idea or object,for exam-
    ple,a candle.Write down all the ideas/words associated with candles:light,fire,matches,wax,night,silence,
    etc.Think of as many as you can.The next stage is to relate the ideas to the job you have to do.So imagine
    you want to buy a friend an original present,you could buy him tickets to a match or take him out for the
    night.
    Imagine that normal limitations don't exist.You have as much time/space/money,etc.as you want.
    Think about your goal and the new possibilities.If,for example,your goal is to learn to ski,you can now prac-
    tice skiing every day of your life(because you have the time and the money).Now adapt this to reality.May-
    be you can practice skiing every day in December,or every Monday in January.
    Look at the situation from a different point of view. Good negotiators（谈判者）use this technique in
    business,and so do wnters.Fiction writers often imagine they are the characters in their books.They ask
    questions:What does this character want?Why can't she get it?What changes must she make to get what
    she wants?What does she dream about?If your goal involves other people,put yourself" in their shoes".The
    best fishermen think like fish!

    We learn from the third technique that a good salesman should ask himself:_________?
    A:What do I usually do
    B:What did my boss tell, me to do
    C:What are my customers' needs
    D:How should I sell my products

    答案：C
    解析：
    由第一段第二句“They are wrong”可知，成年人也有想象力，且由该段最后一句中的“...help you”可知，成年人可以学习发挥想象力。
    由第二段第四句“Write down all the ideas/words associated with...”可知选D。
    由第三段第三句“Think about your goal and the new possibilities.”可知选C。
    put yourself in sb's shoes是固定搭配，意为“设身处地”，故选C。
    第三个技巧是：设身处地地站在别人的角度上看问题。故销售员应考虑顾客所需的。第5部分：补全短文

  • 第6题：

    Not always（）they want (to)

    • A、people can do what
    • B、can people do what
    • C、people can not do what
    • D、can‘t people do what

    正确答案:B

  • 第7题：

    问答题
    ◆Topic 11：On Bicycle Theft　　Questions for reference:　　1) Is bicycle theft commonly seen on campus?　　2) What are the causes for the theft?　　3) What can universities you to stop such phenomenon?

    正确答案： 【参考答案】
    Bicycle theft is very common on campus, which is immoral and illegal. And it is damaging to the academic image of the colleges and universities.
    There are several reasons for this. First, the security system of the school should be partially responsible for the losses. Besides, more than too often, students’ carelessness leaves opportunities for the thieves. Sometimes when they have to leave their bicycles for 10 minutes, they will not take the trouble to lock them. The last point that is also worth mentioning is that there is a lack of moral education in most schools.
    Considering these situations, the school and the students should work together to fight against this phenomenon On the one hand, the school security system should be perfected. On the other hand, students should learn to he more allergic. Above all, moral education must be added and emphasized.
    解析： 暂无解析

  • 第8题：

    单选题
    Which of the following is NOT true about self-plagiarism in academic publications?
    A

    It is impossible when one recycles his / her work at such extent as everyone legally does.

    B

    It is a clearly defined area especially in universities.

    C

    Handing in the essentially same essay for credit in different courses belongs to it.

    D

    Many universities are strongly opposed to it.


    正确答案： B
    解析：
    推断题。根据文章第二段的第二句话“自我剽窃在学术出版物中属于灰色地带”可知，自我剽窃在学术出版物中不是一个界限分明的地带。选项B为正确答案。

  • 第9题：

    单选题
    Not always（）they want (to)
    A

    people can do what

    B

    can people do what

    C

    people can not do what

    D

    can‘t people do what


    正确答案： B
    解析： 暂无解析

  • 第10题：

    单选题
    Which of the following does NOT belong to self-plagiarism?
    A

    No indication about the recycling of the work.

    B

    Disguising the original work by making small changes.

    C

    Indication about the small changes in the work.

    D

    Substitution of technical terms in two different languages.


    正确答案： D
    解析：
    根据文章最后一段可知，当没有表明一部作品是重复使用时，就出现了自我剽窃现象。故当表明了一部作品有小小的改动时就不是自我剽窃。故选项C为正确答案。

  • 第11题：

    单选题
    Teachers should set a good example ______ their students, because what they do and say has a great effect ______ them.
    A

    for; to

    B

    to; on

    C

    for; in

    D

    to; to


    正确答案： A
    解析：
    句意：老师应该给学生树立一个榜样，因为无论他们做什么或说什么都会对学生产生巨大的影响。set an example to sb.为某人树立榜样。have a great effect on sb.对某人产生巨大的影响。故答案是B项。

  • 第12题：

    单选题
    Passage 2Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever，even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. In fact，according to an official report on youth violence，“In our country today，the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment，but the terrible reality of violence”. Given that this is the case，why aren't students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems，drive cars，or stay physically fit？First of all，students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. A report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult. For example，a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults，which in turn can lead to violence. The problem isn't in the sandwich，but in the way students deal with the conflict.Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable，they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer，he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words，name-calling，and accusation only add fuel to the emotional fire. On the other hand，soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution: listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker's position. Then the two people should change roles.Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. This doesn't mean trying to figure out what's wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish. For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid of? As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even if it doesn't, careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual solution.There will always be conflict in schools, but that doesn't mean there needs to be violence. After students in Atlanta started a conflict resolution program, according to Educators for Social Responsibility,"64% of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom;75% of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation; and 92% of the students felt better about themselves". Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends, teachers, parents, bosses, and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.After the conflict resolution program was started in Atlanta, it was found that______
    A

    there was a decrease in classroom violence

    B

    there was less student cooperation in the classroom

    C

    more teachers felt better about themselves in schools

    D

    the teacher-student relationship greatly improved


    正确答案： D
    解析：

  • 第13题：

    共用题干
    第一篇

    Plagiarize

    Last fall Susan Youngwood,a journalism instructor at St. Michael's College,phoned the offices of Columbia Journalism Review(CJR)to pose a question.For an exercise in covering speeches,she
    had asked her students to listen to John F. Kennedy's inaugural address and write a story about it.The sixteen students,mostly sophomores,complied with the assignment. However,two students,acting independently,took a short cut,plagiarized New York Times' account of Kennedy's speech,and submitted the Times's words as their own.
    The students received an F for the course,the maximum penalty the journalism department demands.But Youngwood wanted more.She wanted examples that told her students why plagiarism was bad,and looked to CJR for guidance."I was curious about what happens on a professional level,"she said."If I am caught plagiarizing,what happens?"
    Her question was interesting. But the answers,like so many,are not a crisp black or white.
    Their tones of gray mirror the inconsistency with which society treats dozens of other offenses.To be sure,most writers and editors still regard plagiarism as a journalistic evil一the profession's cardinal sin."This is something you never,never do,"says James Fallows,Washington editor of The Atlantic Monthly. Every line of work needs clear rules.If you are a soldier,you don't desert. If you are a writer,you don't steal anyone's prose.It should be the one automatic firing.
    But it is not. Punishment is uneven,ranging from severe to virtually nothing even for major offenses.Some editors will keep a plagiarist on staff or will knowingly hire one if talent outweighs the wrong doing.
    If convinced Watergate burglar G. Gordon Liddy can become a talk show host with a hand of admiring followers and Richard Nixon can go to his grave a respected elder statesman,it's hardly surprising the journalists who commit plagiarism can continue their careers at the same publication or move on to some loftier endeavor.

    With the answer received fro CJR to her question,Susan Youngwood would probably______.
    A:tell her students to make their own judgment professionally and morally in the complicated society
    B:be able to make her student understood why the department gave two of their classmates an F for the course
    C:convince her students that plagiarism was a major journalistic evil
    D:be able to show her students why they shouldn't pagiarize

    答案：A
    解析：
    第一段第二句说：“为了让学生练习写关于演讲的报道，她要求听肯尼迪的就职演说，然后写一篇报道。”这里story并不是故事的意思。
    第一段最后一句说：“但有两个学生走了捷径，他们抄袭了《纽约时报》关于肯尼迪就职演说的报道，并将《时代周刊》的文字变成了自己的。”
    第四段第三句指出：“有些编辑把抄袭者留了下来，或者是明知他是抄袭者，却因为他们的天赋胜过他们的错误而雇用他们。”
    最后一段，作者指出：“假如说已确认水门事件是犯罪行为，而Liddy还能成为有许多崇拜者的访谈节目主持人，尼克松也可以作为资深政治家在他去世时受到人们的尊敬，那么新闻工作者犯了抄袭的错误后在原来的出版机构继续工作，或者转换为更崇高的努力。”
    第二段中指出：Youngwood女士想用此例来告诉她的学生，抄袭有多么不好并向《哥伦比亚周刊》寻求指导。她问：“我好奇在专业水平上会发生些什么。如果我被发现抄袭了别人的文章，将会受到何种处罚？”第三段第一、二句指出：可是她得到的回答并不干脆利落、是非分明。他们不置可否的口气反映了美国社会对于其他类似事件的不一致看法。”

  • 第14题：

    共用题干
    第一篇

    Plagiarize

    Last fall Susan Youngwood,a journalism instructor at St. Michael's College,phoned the offices of Columbia Journalism Review(CJR)to pose a question.For an exercise in covering speeches,she
    had asked her students to listen to John F. Kennedy's inaugural address and write a story about it.The sixteen students,mostly sophomores,complied with the assignment. However,two students,acting independently,took a short cut,plagiarized New York Times' account of Kennedy's speech,and submitted the Times's words as their own.
    The students received an F for the course,the maximum penalty the journalism department demands.But Youngwood wanted more.She wanted examples that told her students why plagiarism was bad,and looked to CJR for guidance."I was curious about what happens on a professional level,"she said."If I am caught plagiarizing,what happens?"
    Her question was interesting. But the answers,like so many,are not a crisp black or white.
    Their tones of gray mirror the inconsistency with which society treats dozens of other offenses.To be sure,most writers and editors still regard plagiarism as a journalistic evil一the profession's cardinal sin."This is something you never,never do,"says James Fallows,Washington editor of The Atlantic Monthly. Every line of work needs clear rules.If you are a soldier,you don't desert. If you are a writer,you don't steal anyone's prose.It should be the one automatic firing.
    But it is not. Punishment is uneven,ranging from severe to virtually nothing even for major offenses.Some editors will keep a plagiarist on staff or will knowingly hire one if talent outweighs the wrong doing.
    If convinced Watergate burglar G. Gordon Liddy can become a talk show host with a hand of admiring followers and Richard Nixon can go to his grave a respected elder statesman,it's hardly surprising the journalists who commit plagiarism can continue their careers at the same publication or move on to some loftier endeavor.

    What kind of exercises did Susan Youngwood ask her students to do?
    A:Deliver a speech.
    B:Report a speech.
    C:Find Kennedy's address.
    D:Write a story of Kennedy's.

    答案：D
    解析：
    第一段第二句说：“为了让学生练习写关于演讲的报道，她要求听肯尼迪的就职演说，然后写一篇报道。”这里story并不是故事的意思。
    第一段最后一句说：“但有两个学生走了捷径，他们抄袭了《纽约时报》关于肯尼迪就职演说的报道，并将《时代周刊》的文字变成了自己的。”
    第四段第三句指出：“有些编辑把抄袭者留了下来，或者是明知他是抄袭者，却因为他们的天赋胜过他们的错误而雇用他们。”
    最后一段，作者指出：“假如说已确认水门事件是犯罪行为，而Liddy还能成为有许多崇拜者的访谈节目主持人，尼克松也可以作为资深政治家在他去世时受到人们的尊敬，那么新闻工作者犯了抄袭的错误后在原来的出版机构继续工作，或者转换为更崇高的努力。”
    第二段中指出：Youngwood女士想用此例来告诉她的学生，抄袭有多么不好并向《哥伦比亚周刊》寻求指导。她问：“我好奇在专业水平上会发生些什么。如果我被发现抄袭了别人的文章，将会受到何种处罚？”第三段第一、二句指出：可是她得到的回答并不干脆利落、是非分明。他们不置可否的口气反映了美国社会对于其他类似事件的不一致看法。”

  • 第15题：

    共用题干
    第一篇

    Plagiarize

    Last fall Susan Youngwood,a journalism instructor at St. Michael's College,phoned the offices of Columbia Journalism Review(CJR)to pose a question.For an exercise in covering speeches,she
    had asked her students to listen to John F. Kennedy's inaugural address and write a story about it.The sixteen students,mostly sophomores,complied with the assignment. However,two students,acting independently,took a short cut,plagiarized New York Times' account of Kennedy's speech,and submitted the Times's words as their own.
    The students received an F for the course,the maximum penalty the journalism department demands.But Youngwood wanted more.She wanted examples that told her students why plagiarism was bad,and looked to CJR for guidance."I was curious about what happens on a professional level,"she said."If I am caught plagiarizing,what happens?"
    Her question was interesting. But the answers,like so many,are not a crisp black or white.
    Their tones of gray mirror the inconsistency with which society treats dozens of other offenses.To be sure,most writers and editors still regard plagiarism as a journalistic evil一the profession's cardinal sin."This is something you never,never do,"says James Fallows,Washington editor of The Atlantic Monthly. Every line of work needs clear rules.If you are a soldier,you don't desert. If you are a writer,you don't steal anyone's prose.It should be the one automatic firing.
    But it is not. Punishment is uneven,ranging from severe to virtually nothing even for major offenses.Some editors will keep a plagiarist on staff or will knowingly hire one if talent outweighs the wrong doing.
    If convinced Watergate burglar G. Gordon Liddy can become a talk show host with a hand of admiring followers and Richard Nixon can go to his grave a respected elder statesman,it's hardly surprising the journalists who commit plagiarism can continue their careers at the same publication or move on to some loftier endeavor.

    Which of the following is true according to the passage?
    A:The journalism departments of St.Michael's College could have expelled the two students instead of merely giving them an F.
    B:If a reporter uses other people's words as her own,she is usually fired automatically.
    C: Some plagiarists are not fired because their editors regard their ability as more important than their offense.
    D:Rather than receiving the punishment they deserve,some reporters are even promoted because of the plagiarism.

    答案：C
    解析：
    第一段第二句说：“为了让学生练习写关于演讲的报道，她要求听肯尼迪的就职演说，然后写一篇报道。”这里story并不是故事的意思。
    第一段最后一句说：“但有两个学生走了捷径，他们抄袭了《纽约时报》关于肯尼迪就职演说的报道，并将《时代周刊》的文字变成了自己的。”
    第四段第三句指出：“有些编辑把抄袭者留了下来，或者是明知他是抄袭者，却因为他们的天赋胜过他们的错误而雇用他们。”
    最后一段，作者指出：“假如说已确认水门事件是犯罪行为，而Liddy还能成为有许多崇拜者的访谈节目主持人，尼克松也可以作为资深政治家在他去世时受到人们的尊敬，那么新闻工作者犯了抄袭的错误后在原来的出版机构继续工作，或者转换为更崇高的努力。”
    第二段中指出：Youngwood女士想用此例来告诉她的学生，抄袭有多么不好并向《哥伦比亚周刊》寻求指导。她问：“我好奇在专业水平上会发生些什么。如果我被发现抄袭了别人的文章，将会受到何种处罚？”第三段第一、二句指出：可是她得到的回答并不干脆利落、是非分明。他们不置可否的口气反映了美国社会对于其他类似事件的不一致看法。”

  • 第16题：

    共用题干
    第二篇

    Three Ways to Become More Creative

    Most people believe they don't have much imagination.They are wrong. Everyone has imagination,but
    most of us,once we become adults,forget how to access it. Creativity isn't always connected with great works
    of art or ideas.People at work and in their free time routinely think of creative ways to solve problems.Maybe
    you have a goal to achieve,a tricky question to answer or you just want to expand your mind!Here are three
    techniques to help you.
    This technique involves taking unrelated ideas and trying to find links between them.First,think about
    the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do.Then find an image,word,idea or object,for exam-
    pie,a candle.Write down all the ideas/words associated with candles:light,fire,matches,wax,night,silence,
    etc.Think of as many as you can?The next stage is to relate the ideas to the job you have to do?So imagine
    you want to buy a friend an original present,you could buy him tickets to a match or take him out for the
    night.
    Imagine that normal limitations don't exist. You have as much time/space/money,etc.as you want.
    Think about your goal and the new possibilities.If,for example,your goal is to learn to ski,you can now prac-
    tice skiing every day of your life(because you have the time and the money).Now adapt this to reality.May-
    be you can practice skiing every day in December,or every Monday in January.
    Look at the situation from a different point of view. Good negotiators（谈判者）use this technique in business;
    and so do writers.Fiction writers often imagine they are the characters in their books.They ask questions:
    what does this character want?Why can't she get it?What changes must she make to get what she wants?
    What does she dream about?If your goal involves other people,put yourself" in their shoes".The best fisher-
    men think like fish!

    We learn from the third technique that a good salesman should ask himself_______________?
    A:what do I usually do
    B:what are my customers' needs
    C:what did my boss tell me to do
    D:how should I sell my products

    答案：B
    解析：
    由第一段第二句“They are wrong”可知，成年人也有想象力，且由该段最后一句中的“.help you”可知，成年人可以学习发挥想象力。
    由第二段第四句“Write down all the ideas/words associated with...”可知选C。
    由第三段第三句“Think about your goal and the new possibilities”可知选C。
    put yourself in sb's shoes是固定搭配，意为“设身处地”，故选D。
    第三个技巧是：设身处地地站在别人的角度上看问题。故销售员应考虑顾客所需的。

  • 第17题：

    Not always（）they want (to)

    Apeople can do what

    Bcan people do what

    Cpeople can not do what

    Dcan‘t people do what


    B
    略

  • 第18题：

    单选题
    Well, really _______ now is start learning what to do with this software and read a lot of tutorials, learn and practice _______ you can.
    A

    what you should do; as much as

    B

    that you need do; whatever

    C

    how you should start; the most

    D

    as should you do; the longest hours


    正确答案： C
    解析：
    你现在应该做的是学习怎样操作这套软件，阅读大量的使用说明，尽可能多地学习和操作。what you should do是由what引导的名词性从句，在句中做主语，as much as尽可能地…。

  • 第19题：

    问答题
    Topic 4：Talk about Virtue　　Questions for reference:　　1) What virtues can you name?　　2) Which one do you think it the most important one?　　3) What should we do in order to establish concept of honor and disgrace among people?

    正确答案： 【参考答案】
    My name is... My registration number is... My topic is: Talk about Virtue.
    We must uphold these core virtues including diligence, honesty, justice and responsibility. Traditionally, we Chinese admire the virtue of plain living and hard struggle. The vital importance is also placed on honesty and justice.
    In my eyes, however, responsibility tops our priority. To shoulder some heavy responsibilities, we must keep a style of plain living and hard struggle. Responsibility also means honesty and justice. Everyone must assume a set of responsibilities. For example, we college students must take the responsibility for pursuing the impressive academic performance. But an army of students plant themselves in online games, an activity which compels them to shun huge responsibilities.
    The virtue of responsibility is strongly associated with the “Eight Dos and Don’ts” moral campaign in full swing. Under this slogan, everyone must take on his/her own responsibilities and dedicate to his/her own position. Unquestionably, everyone must promote the socialist concept of honor and disgrace.
    解析： 暂无解析

  • 第20题：

    单选题
    What can the postal service do?
    A

    Colleting market prices of goods.

    B

    Spreading ideas at a low cost.

    C

    Promoting political lobbying.

    D

    All of the above.


    正确答案： D
    解析：
    第六段第二句提到“Merchants in America’s eastern cities used it to gather information…”，对应选项A的内容。根据该段第三句提及的“In the American debate about slavery, it offered abolitionists a low-cost way to spread their views, just as later technologies have cut the cost and widened the scope of political lobbying”，可知选项B（低成本传播思想）和选项C（促进政治游说）都与原文相符。

  • 第21题：

    单选题
    In the second sentence of the first paragraph, “this” refers to _____.
    A

    all the activities about plagiarism

    B

    the activities of self-plagiarism

    C

    the argument for the impossibility of self-plagiarism

    D

    the argument for the possibility of self-plagiarism


    正确答案： D
    解析：
    文章第一段第一句“Some people argue that self-plagiarism (自我剽窃) is impossible by definition because plagiarism is theft and people cannot steal from their own work.”表述了一些人的观点，随即第二句“this is not correct in law”说到这些观点在法律上是不正确的。由此可知this指的是人们认为不可能偷窃自己的东西这一观点，故选项C符合题意。

  • 第22题：

    问答题
    Directions: English Club at your university intends to extend and take in new members, encouraging individuals to join in with their own fresh ideas. Write a letter, introduce yourself first and then explain what your ideas are, what kind of job you plan to do and how you will practice your ideas if you are lucky enough to be taken in.　　You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. Now write the letter on the AnswerSheet.

    正确答案：
    Dear President of the English Club,
    I got the new that the English Club intends t extend and take in new members. I am extremely excited about this chance. I am a twenty-year old freshman, majoring in Fine Arts. I had been fascinated by English ever since I was in my primary school. My hobbies include watching musical dramas, traveling and photographing.
    I also come with my fresh ideas. As the Olympic Games are coming around, I plan to put on a music play with the theme related to the Olympics. In order to achieve this goal, we need lots of volunteers. And I have learned how to decorate the stage from my courses and from the dramas that I have watched. I am confident enough to fulfill this job well.
    Looking forward to your reply.
    Yours sincerely,
    Li Ming
    解析： 暂无解析

  • 第23题：

    单选题
    According to the passage, ______ is the essence of self-plagiarism.
    A

    the writer’s pursuit for money or promotion

    B

    the writer’s laziness at his / her work

    C

    the writer’s deception on himself

    D

    the writer’s deception on the reader


    正确答案： D
    解析：
    细节题。题目问题问的是什么是自我剽窃的实质。根据文章第三段的第一句话“Like all plagiarism the essence of self-plagiarism is the author’ attempts to cheat the reader.”可知选项D为正确答案。

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