问答题Passage 2　 What is paper made (Example: 0 )? When we 1 books or newspapers, we seldom stop and think about the things 2 to make them. 3 paper our lives would be very different.　 Paper is one of 4 important inventions（发明） of all time. The

"If there is one thing I’m sure about, it is that in a hundred years from now we will still be reading newspapers. It is not that newspapers are a necessity. Even now some people get most of their news from television or radio. Many buy a paper only on Saturday or Sunday. But for most people reading a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generation to generation. The nature of what is news may change. What basically makes news is what affects our lives-the big political stories, the coverage of the wars, earthquakes and other disasters, will continue much the same. I think there will be more coverage of scientific research, though. It’s already happening in areas that may directly affect our lives, like genetic (基因) engineering. In the future, I think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we do-as we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are. It’s quite possible that in the next century newspapers will be transmitted (传送) electronically from Fleet Street and printed out in our own home. In fact, I’m pretty sure that how it will happen in the future. You will probably be able to choose from a menu, making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to read-sports and international news, etc. I think people have got it wrong when they talk about competition between the different media (媒体). They actually feed off each other. Some people once foresaw that television would kill off newspapers, but that hasn’t happened. What is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures on a screen or sound lost in the air. And as for the Internet, it’s never really pleasant to read something just on a screen.In the writer’s opinion, in the future, （）.

"If there is one thing I’m sure about, it is that in a hundred years from now we will still be reading newspapers. It is not that newspapers are a necessity. Even now some people get most of their news from television or radio. Many buy a paper only on Saturday or Sunday. But for most people reading a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generation to generation. The nature of what is news may change. What basically makes news is what affects our lives-the big political stories, the coverage of the wars, earthquakes and other disasters, will continue much the same. I think there will be more coverage of scientific research, though. It’s already happening in areas that may directly affect our lives, like genetic (基因) engineering. In the future, I think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we do-as we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are. It’s quite possible that in the next century newspapers will be transmitted (传送) electronically from Fleet Street and printed out in our own home. In fact, I’m pretty sure that how it will happen in the future. You will probably be able to choose from a menu, making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to read-sports and international news, etc. I think people have got it wrong when they talk about competition between the different media (媒体). They actually feed off each other. Some people once foresaw that television would kill off newspapers, but that hasn’t happened. What is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures on a screen or sound lost in the air. And as for the Internet, it’s never really pleasant to read something just on a screen.What is the best title for the passage

Topic 4：Talk about Virtue　　Questions for reference:　　1) What virtues can you name?　　2) Which one do you think it the most important one?　　3) What should we do in order to establish concept of honor and disgrace among people?

In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summary below by choosing a maximum of three words from the passage to fill in the spaces 76-80. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.(10 points)　　Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage.　　Paper is different from other waste produce because it comes from a sustainable resource: trees. Unlike the minerals and oil used to make plastics and metals, trees are replaceable. Paper is also biodegradable, so it does not pose as much threat to the environment when it is discarded. While 45 out of every 100 tonnes of wood fibre used to make paper in Australia comes from waste paper, the rest comes directly from virgin fibre from forests and plantations. By world standards this is a good performance since the worldwide average is 33 per cent waste paper. Governments have encouraged waste paper collection and sorting schemes and, at the same time, the paper industry has responded by developing new recycling technologies that have paved the way for even greater utilization of used fibre. As a result, industry’s use of recycled fibres is expected to increase at twice the rate of virgin fibre over the coming years.　　Already, waste paper constitutes 70% of paper used for packaging, and advances in the technology required to remove ink from the paper have allowed a higher recycled content in newsprint and writing paper. To achieve the benefits of recycling, the community must also contribute. We need to accept a change in the quality of paper products; for example stationery may be less white and of a rougher texture. There also needs to be support from the community for waste paper collection programs. Not only do we need to make the paper available to collectors but it also needs to be separated into different types and sorted from contaminants such as staples, paperclips, string and other miscellaneous items.　　There are technical limitations to the amount of paper which can be recycled and some paper products cannot be collected for re-use. These include paper in the form of books and permanent records, photographic paper and paper which is badly contaminated. The four most common sources of paper for recycling are factories and retail stores which gather large amounts of packaging material in which goods are delivered, also offices which have unwanted business documents and computer output, paper converters and printers and lastly households which discard newspapers and packaging material. The paper manufacturer pays a price for the paper and may also incur the collection cost.　　Once collected, the paper has to be sorted by hand by people trained to recognize various types of paper. This is necessary because some types of paper can only be made from particular kinds of recycled fibre. The sorted paper then has to be repulped or mixed with water and broken down into its individual fibres. This mixture is called stock and may contain a wide variety of contaminating materials, particularly if it is made from mixed waste paper which has had little sorting. Various machinery is used to remove other materials from the stock. After passing through the repulping process, the fibres from printed waste paper are grey in colour because the printing ink has soaked into the individual fibres. This recycled material can only be used in products where the grey colour does not matter, such as cardboard boxes but if the grey colour is not acceptable, the fibres must be de-inked. This involves adding chemicals such as caustic soda or other alkalis, soaps and detergents, water-hardening agents such as calcium chloride, frothing agents and bleaching agents. Before the recycled fibres can be made into paper they must be refined or treated in such a way that they bond together.　　Most paper products must contain some virgin fibre as well as recycled fibres and unlike glass, paper cannot be recycled indefinitely. Most paper is down-cycled which means that a product made from recycled paper is of an inferior quality to the original paper. Recycling paper is beneficial in that it saves some of the energy, labour and capital that goes into producing virgin pulp. However, recycling requires the use of fossil fuel, a nonrenewable energy source, to collect the waste paper from the community and to process it to produce new paper. And the recycling process still creates emissions which require treatment before they can be disposed of safely. Nevertheless, paper recycling is an important economical and environmental practice but one which must be carried out in a rational and viable manner for it to be useful to both industry and the community.　　Summary:　　From the point of view of recycling, paper has two advantages over minerals and oil in that firstly it comes from a resource which is 　1　and secondly it is less threatening to our environment when we throw it away because it is 　2　Although Australia’s record in the re-use of waste paper is good, it is still necessary to use a combination of recycled fibre and 　3　to make new paper. The paper industry has contributed positively and people have also been encouraged by the government to collect their waste on a regular basis. One major difficulty is the removal of 　4　from used paper but advances are being made in this area. However, we need to learn to accept paper which is generally of a lower quality than before and to sort our waste paper by removing 　5　before discarding it for collection.

"If there is one thing I’m sure about, it is that in a hundred years from now we will still be reading newspapers. It is not that newspapers are a necessity. Even now some people get most of their news from television or radio. Many buy a paper only on Saturday or Sunday. But for most people reading a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generation to generation. The nature of what is news may change. What basically makes news is what affects our lives-the big political stories, the coverage of the wars, earthquakes and other disasters, will continue much the same. I think there will be more coverage of scientific research, though. It’s already happening in areas that may directly affect our lives, like genetic (基因) engineering. In the future, I think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we do-as we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are. It’s quite possible that in the next century newspapers will be transmitted (传送) electronically from Fleet Street and printed out in our own home. In fact, I’m pretty sure that how it will happen in the future. You will probably be able to choose from a menu, making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to read-sports and international news, etc. I think people have got it wrong when they talk about competition between the different media (媒体). They actually feed off each other. Some people once foresaw that television would kill off newspapers, but that hasn’t happened. What is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures on a screen or sound lost in the air. And as for the Internet, it’s never really pleasant to read something just on a screen.From the passage, we can infer （）.

"If there is one thing I’m sure about, it is that in a hundred years from now we will still be reading newspapers. It is not that newspapers are a necessity. Even now some people get most of their news from television or radio. Many buy a paper only on Saturday or Sunday. But for most people reading a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generation to generation. The nature of what is news may change. What basically makes news is what affects our lives-the big political stories, the coverage of the wars, earthquakes and other disasters, will continue much the same. I think there will be more coverage of scientific research, though. It’s already happening in areas that may directly affect our lives, like genetic (基因) engineering. In the future, I think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we do-as we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are. It’s quite possible that in the next century newspapers will be transmitted (传送) electronically from Fleet Street and printed out in our own home. In fact, I’m pretty sure that how it will happen in the future. You will probably be able to choose from a menu, making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to read-sports and international news, etc. I think people have got it wrong when they talk about competition between the different media (媒体). They actually feed off each other. Some people once foresaw that television would kill off newspapers, but that hasn’t happened. What is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures on a screen or sound lost in the air. And as for the Internet, it’s never really pleasant to read something just on a screen.What will probably be on in the newspaper made by yourself

Many of the things we do depend (1)____receiving information from other people. (2) Ca____ a train, making a phone call and going to the cinema all involve information which is stored, (3) pro____ and communicated. In the past this information used to be kept on paper in the (4) f____ of for example, books, newspapers and timetables. Now more and more information is put on computers.　Computers play an important (5)____in our everyday lives, sometimes without us even (6)____(realize) it. Consider the use of computers in both shops and offices. Big shops, (7) es___ chain stores with branches all over the country, have to deal with very large amounts of information. They have to make sure there are enough goods on the shelves for customers to buy. They need to be able to re-order before stocks run (8)____, and to decide which things are selling well and so on. All these processes get performed quickly and (9)____ effi____ by computers.　A lot of office word in the past involved information on paper. Once it had been dealt with by people, the paper was put away for future reference. This way of doing things was not (10)____(particular) easy or fast. A computerized system is much more efficient.

Practice 3　　阅读下面的对话，根据其内容写一篇有关paper用途的说明文。　　要求：　　1. 所写短文应与对话相关内容意义相符，涵盖其要点；　　2. 用你自己的语言表达，可改写对话中的句子，但不可照抄原句。　　注意：　　1. 词数80词左右，开头已为你写好；　　2. 请将短文直接写在答题卡上。　　Marry: Last time we talked about the history of paper. But do you know what paper is used for?　　Peter: Oh, that’s an easy question. Paper is used for newspapers, books, writing paper, envelopes, wrapping paper, paper bags...　　Peter: Yes, actually only half of the paper that is made is used for such purposes. Have you got an idea about other uses of paper?　　Marry: No, I’m afraid not.　　Peter: There are many other uses. Paper is very good for keeping you warm. Houses are often insulated（使绝缘；使隔热） with paper. You have perhaps seen homeless people asleep on a large number of newspapers.　　Marry: Yes, I have. So they are insulating themselves against cold.　　Peter: You are right. In Finland, it is very cold in winter. It is sometimes 40 degrees Centigrade below zero. The farmers wear paper boots in the snow. Nothing could be warmer.　　Marry: Oh, that’s unbelievable.　　Peter: Now more and more things are made of paper. We have had paper plates, cups and dishes for a long time. But now we hear that chairs, tables, and even beds can be made of paper.　　Marry: Fascinating!　　Peter: People have made paper boats, but they have not yet made paper planes or cars. Just wait, they probably will.　　Marry: Well, you have become an expert on paper. How do you know all that?　　Peter: You know. I’m preparing for a presentation, so I’ve looked up a lot of material.　　Marry: Well, I’m sure your presentation will go really well.　　Peter: Thank you.　　More and more things are made of paper.