单选题______ so many people been out of work as today.A More than ever beforeB Never before haveC In the past, there never have D Formerly, there never were

第1题：

Millions of people in many countries are moving to cities because they need to find work.()

参考答案：正确

第2题：

There has been an increasing ________ (aware) that many people are affected by crime

参考答案：awareness

第3题：

根据下面资料，回答
Today, people all over the world are moving out of small villages in the country to go and live in big, noisy cities. They are moving from the peaceful hills, mountains, fields, rivers and streams of the countryside to the busy world of streets, buildings, traffic and crowds. This movement from rural areas to urban areas has been going on for over two hundred years.
In many countries, the main reason why people come to live in towns and cities is work. After one or two large factories have been built in or near a town, people come to find work, and soon an industrial area begins to grow. There is usually a residential area nearby, where the factory workers can live. The families of these workers need schools, hospitals and shops, so more people come to live in the area to provide these services and a city grows.
In every major city in the world, there is a business district where the big companies have their main offices. In the United States, this area is usually in the city centre. It is here that you can see the huge skyscraper office blocks. The people who work here often travel a long way to work each day. Many of them live in the suburbs of the city, far away from the industrial area and the city centre. Some suburbs are very pleasant, with nice houses and big gardens. There are usually parks for children to play in and large department stores where you can buy all you need.
But what is the future of the big cities? Will they continue to get bigger? Perhaps not. Some major cities have actually become smaller in the last ten years, and it is quite possible that one day we will see people moving out of the major cities and back into smaller towns and villages.
In the United States many people work in the centre of a big city ______________.

A.while living on the faraway edge of the city
B.and live there
C.but live in another city
D.but live far away out of the city

答案：A

解析：

细节题。根据第三段第四、五两句话“The people who work here often travel a long way to work each day．Many of them live in the suburbs of the city．far away from the industrial area and the city centre”可知A项正确。

第4题：

Peter has been out of work for half a year，so he wants to__________a job in this company．

A.prepare for
B.apply for
C.wait for
D.care for

答案：B

解析：

该句意为彼得失业半年了，所以他想在这个公司找个工作。apply for“申请、请求”，符合句意，故选B。prepare for“准备”，wait for“等待”，care for“关心”，均不符合题意。

第5题：

共用题干
Cities“Worse to Live in Than 20 Years Ago”
One thousand people were surveyed about a range of issues which affect cities,and the re-markable findings show that life in today's mega-cities is so stressful that at least two-thirds of those currently living in big cities would like to relocate to the countryside or a small town.
The stress of the getting from A to B in big cities is at the top of the list of problems.For many people,the daily commute to work is a source of frustration.40% of the people in the sur-vey have suffered from road rage while stuck in traffic on the way to work.The cost of public transport is also a serious problem.Many people think the price of underground and bus travel is too high and that they have to devote more than 10% of their salary to transport costs.
The general cost of living in cities is another problem.The high property prices in most big cities put buying a property out of reach of most first-time buyers.Many young people are priced out of the housing market,and have to take in lodgers to make ends meet,or rent over-priced flats miles away from the city centre .In London,for instance,the price of buying even a one-bedroom flat is so prohibitive that many have given up even considering putting money aside for a deposit.
Another issue facing people who live in cities is rising crime.Crime rates have rocketed in many big cities,and many say there are several dangerous no-go areas in their city.Fear of crime is on the increase-street crimes,such as mugging and assault,are now very common-and many are afraid of going out at night alone.
Many were also concerned by the lack of green spaces and play facilities for children.Most major conurbations（有卫星城的大都市）surveyed have a far smaller number of parks and gar- dens than a generation ago.Planning permission seems to have been given for an ever-greater number of supermarkets,office developments and apartments on sites where there were previously green spaces.Many of the respondents in the survey said they felt stressed and suffocated in the city,a problem which is compounded by pollution.
And finally,the majority of people in the survey were fed up with the constant noise pollu-lion—the roar of traffic , the sound of loud music blaring（发刺耳声）out of a neighbour's win-dow,and the constant sound of activity.It is not surprising,then,that the levels of stress-related illnesses among people who live in cities are higher than ever before .Big cities,once a mecca for ambitious people seeking fameJ and fortune,are now less and less popular among people of all ages .Perhaps the 21st century is set to be the century of the small town and the countryside.

Noise pollution is seen as a big problem by most people in the survey.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned

答案：A

解析：

由第一段中的“ at least two-thirds of those currently living in big cities would like to relocate to the countryside or a small town”可知，在调查中，大多居住在大城市中的人想要迁居至乡村或小镇，即更小的地方。故选A。

由第二段末句中的“Many people think the price of underground and bus travel is too high”可知，很多人认为地铁和公交的收费过高。由此可知，在调查中，很多人认为公共交通的收费并不合理。故选B。

由第三段最后一句“In London, for instance, the price of buying even a one-bedroom flat is so prohibitive that many have given up even considering putting money aside for a deposit.”可知，因为房价太高，所以在伦敦很难买到房子。故选A。

由第四段首句“Another issue facing people who live in cities is rising crime.”可知，犯罪率近年来并没保持稳定。故选B0

由第五段第二句“Most major conurbations surveyed have a far smaller number of parks and gardens than a generation ago.”可以推断，城市中的绿化区域较之以前减少了。故选A。

通读全文可以发现文章并未提及伦敦在减少污染方面的成功案例。故选C。

由最后一段首句中的“the majority of people in the survey were fed up with the constant noise pollution”可以推断，受调查的很多人认为噪音污染是个大问题。故选A。

第6题：

共用题干
The Industrial Age and Employment

The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people's
work has taken the form of jobs.The industrial age may now be coming to an end,and
some of the changes in work patterns which it brought about may have to be reversed.This
seems a daunting（大胆的）thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better
future for work.Universal employment,as its history shows,has not meant economic freedom.
Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries
made many people dependent on paid work by depriving（剥夺）them of the use of the
land,and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves.Then the factory system
destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people's homes.Later,as
transport improved, first by rail and then by road, people commuted（乘车往返）longer
distances to their places of employment until,eventually,many people's work lost all
connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived.
Meanwhile,employment put women at a disadvantage.In pre-industrial times,men
and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community.Now it
became customary(惯例的）for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the
unpaid work of the home and family to his wife.Tax and benefit regulations still assume this
norm today,and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes.
It was not only women whose work status suffered.As employment became the
dominant form of work,young people and old people were excluded-a problem now,as
more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives.
All this may now have to change.The time has certainly come to switch some efforts
and resources away from the utopian（乌托邦的）goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent
practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs.

Now is the time to handle the issue of employment in a practical manner.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

答案：A

解析：

第7题：

共用题干
The Industrial Age and Employment

The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people's
work has taken the form of jobs.The industrial age may now be coming to an end,and
some of the changes in work patterns which it brought about may have to be reversed.This
seems a daunting（大胆的）thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better
future for work.Universal employment,as its history shows,has not meant economic freedom.
Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries
made many people dependent on paid work by depriving（剥夺）them of the use of the
land,and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves.Then the factory system
destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people's homes.Later,as
transport improved, first by rail and then by road, people commuted（乘车往返）longer
distances to their places of employment until,eventually,many people's work lost all
connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived.
Meanwhile,employment put women at a disadvantage.In pre-industrial times,men
and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community.Now it
became customary(惯例的）for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the
unpaid work of the home and family to his wife.Tax and benefit regulations still assume this
norm today,and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes.
It was not only women whose work status suffered.As employment became the
dominant form of work,young people and old people were excluded-a problem now,as
more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives.
All this may now have to change.The time has certainly come to switch some efforts
and resources away from the utopian（乌托邦的）goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent
practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs.

Improved transport enabled people to travel longer distances to their work places.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

答案：A

解析：

第8题：

Up to now ，the work has been easy.

A: So
B:.So long
C:.So that
D: So far

答案：D

解析：

句意为：到目前为止，工作很容易。画线短语up to now意为“到目前为止”。so意为“于是”;so long意为“好久”;so that意为“所以”;so far意为“到目前为止”。根据画线单词意思，只有so far与其同义，可进行替换。因此D项正确。

第9题：

单选题

Never before ______ so many people in our country been interested in athletic sports.

A

has

B

is

C

have

D

are

正确答案： D

解析：
当否定词never位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。本句的主语是many people，谓语要与其保持一致。从been interested in...可以看出，本句的时态应用完成时。故C项为正确答案。

第10题：

单选题

Factories and companies are pleased that so many people “gamble” because ______.

A

they can make them rich

B

they need more people to work for them

C

they need their money to do business

D

some people win and some lose

正确答案： A

解析：
根据文中Factories and companies that need money are pleased that so many people are willing to “gamble”.即“需要钱的公司或者工厂很高兴看到能有那么多人加入这场‘赌博…’”因为这些公司需要股民的钱来做生意，因此C选项正确。

第11题：

单选题

______ so many people been out of work as today.

A

More than ever before

B

Never before have

C

In the past, there never have

D

Formerly, there never were

正确答案： A

解析：
从来没有像今天一样有那么多人失业。Never放在句首要倒装，never before表示“以前”。还原成正常语序是There have never been so many people out of work as today.

第12题：

问答题

Directions:In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summary below by choosing no more than three words from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.　　Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage.The City of the Future　　What will city life be like in the future? Some people think that life in the cities is going to be horrible. They predict that cities will become more and more crowded. As the number of people increases, there will be less space for each person. This overcrowding will cause other problems—more crime, dirtier streets, and worse problems with traffic than we have now. How will people find enough drinking water, energy (such as gas and electricity), and housing? Because life will be hard, people who live in cities will worry more, and they may become sick. For these reasons, some say that nobody will want to live in urban areas.　　How can we solve such problems as overcrowding, crime, and traffic? In some cities, thousands of people are already sleeping in the streets because there is so little suitable housing—and because rents are so high. The crime rate isn’t going down. Instead, it is increasing so fast that many people are afraid to go out at night. Traffic is also getting worse. More and more often, traffic jams are so bad that cars don’t move at all for several blocks. These urban problems have been getting worse, not better, so many people see no hope for the future of the city.　　Los Angeles, California, for instance, has no subway system and the buses are slow. Instead, most commuters drive many miles from their homes to work. Many of these drivers spend several hours each day on busy freeways. New York, by contrast, has a mass transit system—buses, commuter trains, and subways. Because the public transportation is crowded and dirty, however, many people drive private cars, and the traffic jams are worse than in Los Angeles.　　On the other hand, some cities have clean, fast, and pleasant public transportation systems. In Paris, France, and Toronto, Canada, for example, anyone can use mass transit to move quickly from one part of the city to another.　　The disadvantages of any modern city are not unique to that city—that is, cities all over the world have to solve the problems of traffic jams, crime, housing, energy, drinking water, and overcrowding. Yet many cities have found answers to one or more of these difficulties. Some European cities, such as Stockholm, Sweden, or London, England, have planned communities that provide people with apartments, jobs, shopping centers, green space, entertainment, and transportation. Many U.S. cities are rebuilding their downtown areas. Urban planners can learn from one another. They can try solutions that have been successful in other parts of the world.　　Summary:　　Some people think that life in the cities is going to be horrible. They say that cities will become more and more crowded and many other problems will be caused by this 　1　Due to the hard life, people do not want to live in 　2　These urban problems such as overcrowding, crime and traffic have been getting worse, so many people 　3　for the future of the city. However, these disadvantages of any modern city are not unique to that city. All the cities all over the world must solve the problems and fortunately, many of them have found answers to one or more of these difficulties. For example, 　4　or London has planned communities providing people with apartments, jobs and so on. Besides, many U. S. cities 　5　In a word, solutions that have been successful in a place should be adopted and tried in another place.

正确答案：
1.overcrowding 文章第一段第五句提到“This overcrowding will cause other problems - more crime, dirtier streets, and worse problems with traffic than we have now”,题目为原文的被动语态表述,因此答案为overcrowding。
2.urban areas 文章第一段最后两句提到“Because life will be hard, people who live in cities will worry more, and they may become sick. For these reasons, some say that nobody will want to live in urban areas”,即,由于生活的艰辛,没有人愿意生活在市内。
3.see no hope 文章第二段最后一句提到“These urban problems have been getting worse, not better, so many people see no hope for the future of the city”,因此答案为see no hope。
4.Stockholm 文章最后一段第三句提到“Some European cities, such as Stockholm, Sweden, or London, England, have planned communities that provide people with apartments, jobs, shopping centers, green space, entertainment, and transportation”,句中Stockholm与London并列,因此答案为Stockholm。
5.rebuild downtown areas 文章最后一段中作者举例说明很多城市已经找到了解决城市存在的问题的方法,美国城市即所举例子之一。倒数第三句提到:“Many U. S. cities are rebuilding their downtown areas”,同时考虑到答案不能超过三个词,可知答案为rebuild downtown areas。

解析：暂无解析

第13题：

__________ ，he can' t go out for a walk as usual.

A、With so much work to do

B、With so much work doing

C、With so much work done

D、Without so much work to do

正确答案：A

第14题：

根据下面资料，回答
Today, people all over the world are moving out of small villages in the country to go and live in big, noisy cities. They are moving from the peaceful hills, mountains, fields, rivers and streams of the countryside to the busy world of streets, buildings, traffic and crowds. This movement from rural areas to urban areas has been going on for over two hundred years.
In many countries, the main reason why people come to live in towns and cities is work. After one or two large factories have been built in or near a town, people come to find work, and soon an industrial area begins to grow. There is usually a residential area nearby, where the factory workers can live. The families of these workers need schools, hospitals and shops, so more people come to live in the area to provide these services and a city grows.
In every major city in the world, there is a business district where the big companies have their main offices. In the United States, this area is usually in the city centre. It is here that you can see the huge skyscraper office blocks. The people who work here often travel a long way to work each day. Many of them live in the suburbs of the city, far away from the industrial area and the city centre. Some suburbs are very pleasant, with nice houses and big gardens. There are usually parks for children to play in and large department stores where you can buy all you need.
But what is the future of the big cities? Will they continue to get bigger? Perhaps not. Some major cities have actually become smaller in the last ten years, and it is quite possible that one day we will see people moving out of the major cities and back into smaller towns and villages.
In a residential area, you can see ____________.

A.rows of houses, schools and shops
B.many offices and factories
C.a lot of factories and farms
D.many houses with offices and factories

答案：A

解析：

细节题。由第二段最后两句“There is usually a residential area nearby，where the factory workers can live．The families of these workers need schools，hospitals and shops，so more people come to live in the area to provide these services and a city grows”可知答案为A。

第15题：

根据下面资料，回答
Today, people all over the world are moving out of small villages in the country to go and live in big, noisy cities. They are moving from the peaceful hills, mountains, fields, rivers and streams of the countryside to the busy world of streets, buildings, traffic and crowds. This movement from rural areas to urban areas has been going on for over two hundred years.
In many countries, the main reason why people come to live in towns and cities is work. After one or two large factories have been built in or near a town, people come to find work, and soon an industrial area begins to grow. There is usually a residential area nearby, where the factory workers can live. The families of these workers need schools, hospitals and shops, so more people come to live in the area to provide these services and a city grows.
In every major city in the world, there is a business district where the big companies have their main offices. In the United States, this area is usually in the city centre. It is here that you can see the huge skyscraper office blocks. The people who work here often travel a long way to work each day. Many of them live in the suburbs of the city, far away from the industrial area and the city centre. Some suburbs are very pleasant, with nice houses and big gardens. There are usually parks for children to play in and large department stores where you can buy all you need.
But what is the future of the big cities? Will they continue to get bigger? Perhaps not. Some major cities have actually become smaller in the last ten years, and it is quite possible that one day we will see people moving out of the major cities and back into smaller towns and villages.
Why do people move to live in cities or towns?

A.Because they can live more comfortably there.
B.Because they prefer a noisy life to a peaceful life.
C.Because they want to find work.
D.Because they are sure of having a better life there.

答案：C

解析：

细节题。由第二段第一句话“In many countries，the main reason why people come to live in towns and cities is work”可知答案为C。

第16题：

共用题干
Prolonging Human Life

1.Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population.Many people alive today would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born 100 years ago.Because more people live longer,there are more people around at any given time.In fact,it is a decrease in death rates,not an increase in birthrates,that has led to the population explosion.
2.Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency load.In all societies,people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures,old people who could not keep up might be left behind to die.In times of famine,infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved,whereas if the parents survived they could have another child.
3.In most contemporary societies,people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work.We also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age.Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement,somebody else must support them.In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more illness than young or middle-aged people.Unless they have wealth or private or government insurance,they must often"go on welfare"if they have a serious illness.
4.When older people become senile or too weak and ill to care for themselves,they create grave problems for their families.In the past and in some traditional cultures,they would be cared for at home until they died.Today,with most members of a household working or in school,there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person.To meet this need,a great many nursing homes and convalescent hospitals have been built. These are often profit-making organizations, although some are sponsored by religious and other nonprofit groups.While a few of these institutions are good,most of them are simply"dumping grounds"for the dying in which"care"is given by poorly paid,overworked,and under-skilled personnel.

Many people would have died of_______if they had been born 100 years ago.
A:too weak and ill
B:hunting and gathering cultures
C:childhood diseases
D:no one at home
E:epidemic diseases
F: traditional cultures

答案：C

解析：

文章第一段提出了延长寿命会造成地球人口数量增加的观点，并解释了导致这一现象的原因。因此答案应当选择选项B。
文章第二段主要讲的是延长人寿命的同时也使要照顾的人数增加了。因此选择D项。
文章第三段主要解释为什么说老年人会是社会沉重的负担。因此选择A项。
第四段主要讲的是当今社会老年人生活的状况，及他们生病或身体变弱后会受到的照顾。因此选择F项。
文章第一段提到如果出生在100年前，很多人会早早死于儿童疾病。因此选项C是正确的。
文章第二段讲到在过去的狩猎和采集文化时代，部落里跟不上队伍的老年人会被撤下任其死去。因此选项B是正确的。
第四段第一句讲到，在如今的社会老人生病或变得虚弱会给家庭带来很大的负担。因此选项A是正确的。
文章最后一段描述现代社会的人们工作和生活的压力很大，大部分情况下没有人能留在家里照顾老人，因此选项D是正确的。

第17题：

共用题干
Cities“Worse to Live in Than 20 Years Ago”
One thousand people were surveyed about a range of issues which affect cities,and the re-markable findings show that life in today's mega-cities is so stressful that at least two-thirds of those currently living in big cities would like to relocate to the countryside or a small town.
The stress of the getting from A to B in big cities is at the top of the list of problems.For many people,the daily commute to work is a source of frustration.40% of the people in the sur-vey have suffered from road rage while stuck in traffic on the way to work.The cost of public transport is also a serious problem.Many people think the price of underground and bus travel is too high and that they have to devote more than 10% of their salary to transport costs.
The general cost of living in cities is another problem.The high property prices in most big cities put buying a property out of reach of most first-time buyers.Many young people are priced out of the housing market,and have to take in lodgers to make ends meet,or rent over-priced flats miles away from the city centre .In London,for instance,the price of buying even a one-bedroom flat is so prohibitive that many have given up even considering putting money aside for a deposit.
Another issue facing people who live in cities is rising crime.Crime rates have rocketed in many big cities,and many say there are several dangerous no-go areas in their city.Fear of crime is on the increase-street crimes,such as mugging and assault,are now very common-and many are afraid of going out at night alone.
Many were also concerned by the lack of green spaces and play facilities for children.Most major conurbations（有卫星城的大都市）surveyed have a far smaller number of parks and gar- dens than a generation ago.Planning permission seems to have been given for an ever-greater number of supermarkets,office developments and apartments on sites where there were previously green spaces.Many of the respondents in the survey said they felt stressed and suffocated in the city,a problem which is compounded by pollution.
And finally,the majority of people in the survey were fed up with the constant noise pollu-lion—the roar of traffic , the sound of loud music blaring（发刺耳声）out of a neighbour's win-dow,and the constant sound of activity.It is not surprising,then,that the levels of stress-related illnesses among people who live in cities are higher than ever before .Big cities,once a mecca for ambitious people seeking fameJ and fortune,are now less and less popular among people of all ages .Perhaps the 21st century is set to be the century of the small town and the countryside.

Many people in the survey think public transport is reasonably priced.
A:Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned

答案：B

解析：

由第一段中的“ at least two-thirds of those currently living in big cities would like to relocate to the countryside or a small town”可知，在调查中，大多居住在大城市中的人想要迁居至乡村或小镇，即更小的地方。故选A。

由第二段末句中的“Many people think the price of underground and bus travel is too high”可知，很多人认为地铁和公交的收费过高。由此可知，在调查中，很多人认为公共交通的收费并不合理。故选B。

由第三段最后一句“In London, for instance, the price of buying even a one-bedroom flat is so prohibitive that many have given up even considering putting money aside for a deposit.”可知，因为房价太高，所以在伦敦很难买到房子。故选A。

由第四段首句“Another issue facing people who live in cities is rising crime.”可知，犯罪率近年来并没保持稳定。故选B0

由第五段第二句“Most major conurbations surveyed have a far smaller number of parks and gardens than a generation ago.”可以推断，城市中的绿化区域较之以前减少了。故选A。

通读全文可以发现文章并未提及伦敦在减少污染方面的成功案例。故选C。

由最后一段首句中的“the majority of people in the survey were fed up with the constant noise pollution”可以推断，受调查的很多人认为噪音污染是个大问题。故选A。

第18题：

共用题干
The Industrial Age and Employment

The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people's
work has taken the form of jobs.The industrial age may now be coming to an end,and
some of the changes in work patterns which it brought about may have to be reversed.This
seems a daunting（大胆的）thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better
future for work.Universal employment,as its history shows,has not meant economic freedom.
Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries
made many people dependent on paid work by depriving（剥夺）them of the use of the
land,and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves.Then the factory system
destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people's homes.Later,as
transport improved, first by rail and then by road, people commuted（乘车往返）longer
distances to their places of employment until,eventually,many people's work lost all
connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived.
Meanwhile,employment put women at a disadvantage.In pre-industrial times,men
and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community.Now it
became customary(惯例的）for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the
unpaid work of the home and family to his wife.Tax and benefit regulations still assume this
norm today,and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes.
It was not only women whose work status suffered.As employment became the
dominant form of work,young people and old people were excluded-a problem now,as
more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives.
All this may now have to change.The time has certainly come to switch some efforts
and resources away from the utopian（乌托邦的）goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent
practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs.

Many people depended on the land for a living before the 17th century.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

答案：A

解析：

第19题：

共用题干
The Industrial Age and Employment

The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people's
work has taken the form of jobs.The industrial age may now be coming to an end,and
some of the changes in work patterns which it brought about may have to be reversed.This
seems a daunting（大胆的）thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better
future for work.Universal employment,as its history shows,has not meant economic freedom.
Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries
made many people dependent on paid work by depriving（剥夺）them of the use of the
land,and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves.Then the factory system
destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people's homes.Later,as
transport improved, first by rail and then by road, people commuted（乘车往返）longer
distances to their places of employment until,eventually,many people's work lost all
connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived.
Meanwhile,employment put women at a disadvantage.In pre-industrial times,men
and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community.Now it
became customary(惯例的）for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the
unpaid work of the home and family to his wife.Tax and benefit regulations still assume this
norm today,and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes.
It was not only women whose work status suffered.As employment became the
dominant form of work,young people and old people were excluded-a problem now,as
more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives.
All this may now have to change.The time has certainly come to switch some efforts
and resources away from the utopian（乌托邦的）goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent
practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs.

The established work patterns may be changed with the closing of the industrial age.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

答案：A

解析：

第20题：

单选题

According to the passage, the unemployment rate has been kept under limits because _____.

A

the number of the people in the work force slowly increases

B

very few people really lose their original jobs

C

less and less people are out finding new jobs

D

the government has taken strong measures to control the unemployment rate

正确答案： A

解析：
由文章第二段第五句，“The unemployment rate…a weak economy.”，可知，失业率保持在一个较低的水平是由于人力资源的缓慢增加而导致的。工作的人数的增加少，相对失业的人也较少。A选项正是此意。B，C，D选项无关。

第21题：

单选题

_____ so many people been out of work as today.

A

More than ever before

B

Never before have

C

In the past, there never have

D

Formerly, there never were

正确答案： C

解析：
句意：从来没有像今天一样有那么多人失业。Never放在句首要倒装，never before表示“以前”。还原成正常语序是There have never been so many people out of work as today.

第22题：

单选题

（）so many people in the United States been out of work as today.

A

More than ever before

B

In the past, there have never

C

Never before have

D

Formerly, there never were

正确答案： A

解析：暂无解析

第23题：

单选题

Never before did so many people been out of work as today.

A

More than ever before

B

Never before have

C

In the past, there never have

D

Formerly, there never were

正确答案： A

解析：
句意：从来没有像今天一样有那么多人失业。Never放在句首要倒装，never before表示“以前”。还原成正常语序是There have never been so manypeople out of work as today.

第24题：

单选题

So many people ______, the meeting had to be put off.

A

being absent

B

to be absent

C

were absent

D

had been absent

正确答案： C

解析：

单选题______ so many people been out of work as today.A More than ever beforeB Never before haveC In the past, there never have D Formerly, there never were

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