单选题Many people are against the use of chemicals to preserve food because ______.A chemicals are not necessary for preserving foodB a small quantity of bacteria in food is good to peopleC those chemicals that kill bacteria may not be good to peopleD there
题目
单选题
Many people are against the use of chemicals to preserve food because ______.
A
chemicals are not necessary for preserving food
B
a small quantity of bacteria in food is good to people
C
those chemicals that kill bacteria may not be good to people
D
there are other better ways to preserve food
相似考题
更多“单选题Many people are against the use of chemicals to preserve food because ______.A chemicals are not necessary for preserving foodB a small quantity of bacteria in food is good to peopleC those chemicals that kill bacteria may not be good to peopleD there ”相关问题
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第1题：
It can be inferred from the passage that________
A.natural materials are safe in food processing
B.chemicals are needed in food processing
C.food poisoning can be kept under control
D.food poisoning is out of control
正确答案：C由文中第五段第一句话可推测出C正确
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第2题：
–– Marily: Don’t like to eat Korean food?
–– Robbie:______
A: No, Korean food is not real to my taste.
B: No, because Korean food is very good.
C: No, I prefer to have Chinese noodles.
D: No, I like very much to Korean food.
参考答案：C
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第3题：
Biological treatment may use __ to treat sewage (1)living organisms (2)chemicals (3)additives
A.(1)
B.(2)
C.(3)
D.(1)(2)(3)
正确答案：A
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第4题：
Chemical Tankers are generally referred to the cargo ships constructed or adapted and used for the carriage of ________ ．
A.liquid chemicals in bulk
B.solid chemicals in bulk
C.chemicals in bulk
D.cargoes in bulk
正确答案：A
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第5题：
共用题干
第一篇
irradiating（照射）fruits, vegetable, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past decade or so.Irradiation of other meats, such as beef and lamb,is being reviewed.Federal approval dose not require that industry adopt the process,and few food processors presently offer irradiated products.
Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated food may cause cancer,despite scientific studies that prove the safety of treated food.Some people argue that more severe government inspection,higher food-safety standards,and more careful food-preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe.Consequently,companies currently see no need to spend millions of dollars outfitting（配备）processing plants with the equipment necessary for a process that very few shoppers are in favor of.
All supermarkets that sell irradiated food must label that food either directly on the packaging or in the case of bulk items like fruits and vegetables by placing a sign nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food served by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distributors,nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients.
Presently,the FDA allows food to be treated with three types of radiation一gamma rays,highenergy electrons,and X-rays,and sets limits on doses（辐射量）depending on the type of food. The principle is that the dose to be used for a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and bacteria present in it.Different types of food,because of their different molecular（分子）compositions,may require different doses of radiation.According to the passage,killing insets and bacteria present in food by irradiating_________.
A:has been completely approved by the FDA
B:is being reviewed by the FDA
C:is not completely approved by the U.S. government
D:has been widely adopted in the U.S.答案：C解析：推理判断题。本题考查对review一词的理解。从文章第一段第一句可知，有些经过辐射处理的食品已被FDA认可；从第二句的being reviewed可知有些食品仍然正在评估中。所以选项A、B、D都太绝对或概括过度，均不正确。
推理判断题。本题考查对复合句的理解。本题解题的关键是找出第二段结尾句中的that引导的定语从句修饰的是process，从该定语从句可推断出消费者对其持不认同的态度。由此可见，选项D是本题的答案。选项A、几C在第二段中都先后有明确提及。
词义推断题。根据上下文，特别是outfit和equipment两个词，可知是为 processing plants配备设备。因此，可推断出processing plants指的是“食品加工厂”。
事实细节题。第三段指出食物在哪些情况下要贴上被辐射过的标签，其中第一句提到在supermarket一定要标明哪些食品被辐射过，但对医院或餐厅出售的食物并无此规定。选项D在文中没有提及。
主旨大意题。第一段提到，FDA认可部分食品可以用辐射方法进行处理，第二段谈到消费者对irradiated food持怀疑态度，同时符合这两条的只有选项C。 -
第6题：
共用题干
第一篇
irradiating（照射）fruits, vegetable, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past decade or so.Irradiation of other meats, such as beef and lamb,is being reviewed.Federal approval dose not require that industry adopt the process,and few food processors presently offer irradiated products.
Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated food may cause cancer,despite scientific studies that prove the safety of treated food.Some people argue that more severe government inspection,higher food-safety standards,and more careful food-preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe.Consequently,companies currently see no need to spend millions of dollars outfitting（配备）processing plants with the equipment necessary for a process that very few shoppers are in favor of.
All supermarkets that sell irradiated food must label that food either directly on the packaging or in the case of bulk items like fruits and vegetables by placing a sign nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food served by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distributors,nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients.
Presently,the FDA allows food to be treated with three types of radiation一gamma rays,highenergy electrons,and X-rays,and sets limits on doses（辐射量）depending on the type of food. The principle is that the dose to be used for a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and bacteria present in it.Different types of food,because of their different molecular（分子）compositions,may require different doses of radiation.Irradiated food has to be labeled when_________.
A:it is sold at the supermarket
B:it is served at the restaurants
C:it is provided in the hospitals
D:it is produced at the factories答案：A解析：推理判断题。本题考查对review一词的理解。从文章第一段第一句可知，有些经过辐射处理的食品已被FDA认可；从第二句的being reviewed可知有些食品仍然正在评估中。所以选项A、B、D都太绝对或概括过度，均不正确。
推理判断题。本题考查对复合句的理解。本题解题的关键是找出第二段结尾句中的that引导的定语从句修饰的是process，从该定语从句可推断出消费者对其持不认同的态度。由此可见，选项D是本题的答案。选项A、几C在第二段中都先后有明确提及。
词义推断题。根据上下文，特别是outfit和equipment两个词，可知是为 processing plants配备设备。因此，可推断出processing plants指的是“食品加工厂”。
事实细节题。第三段指出食物在哪些情况下要贴上被辐射过的标签，其中第一句提到在supermarket一定要标明哪些食品被辐射过，但对医院或餐厅出售的食物并无此规定。选项D在文中没有提及。
主旨大意题。第一段提到，FDA认可部分食品可以用辐射方法进行处理，第二段谈到消费者对irradiated food持怀疑态度，同时符合这两条的只有选项C。 -
第7题：
共用题干
第二篇
Some People do Not Taste Salt Like Others
Low-salt foods may be harder for some people to like than others,according to a study by a Penn State
College of Agricultural Sciences food scientist.The research indicates that genetic factors influence some of
the difference in the levels of salt we like to eat.
Those conclusions are important because recent,well-publicized efforts to reduce the salt content in food
have left many people struggling to accept fare that simply does not taste as good to them as it does to others,
pointed out John Hayes,assistant professor of food science who was lead investigator on the study.
Diets high in salt can increase the risk of high blood pressure and stroke.That is why public health ex-
perts and food companies are working together on ways to help consumers lower salt intake through foods that
are enjoyable to eat.This study increases undersfanding of salt preference and consumption.
The research involved 87 carefully screened participants who sampled salty foods such as soup and
chips,on multiple occasions,spread out over weeks.Test subjects were 45 men and 42 women,reportedly
healthy,ranging in age from 20 to 40 years.The sample was composed of individuals who were not actively
modifying their dietary intake and did not smoke cigarettes.They rated the intensity of taste on a commonly
used scientific scale,ranging from barely detectable to strongest sensation of any kind.
"Most of us like the taste of salt.However,some individuals eat more salt,both because they like the
taste of saltiness more,and also because it is needed to block other unpleasant tastes in food,"said Hayes.
"Supertasters,people who experience tastes more intensely,consume more salt than nontasters do.Snack
foods have saltiness as their primary flavor,and at least for these foods,more is better,so the supertasters
seem to like them more."
However,supertasters also need higher levels of salt to block unpleasant bitter tastes in food such as
cheese,Hayes noted."For example,cheese is a wonderful blend of dairy flavors from fermented milk,but al-
so bitter tastes from ripening that are blocked by salt,"he said."A supertaster finds low-salt cheese unpleasant
because the bitterness is too pronounced."
Hayes cited research done more than 75 years ago by a chemist named Fox and a geneticist named
Blakeslee,showing that individuals differ in their ability to taste certain chemicals.As a result,Hayes ex-
plained,we know that a wide range in taste acuity exists,and this variation is as normal as variations in eye
and hair color.
"Some people,called supertasters,'describe bitter compounds as being extremely bitter,while others,
called nontasters,find these same bitter compounds to be tasteless or only weakly bitter,"he said."Response
to bitter compounds is one of many ways to identify biological differences in food preference because super-
tasting is not limited to bitterness."John Hayes points out that_________.
A:food with less salt tastes better
B:many people make efforts to accept low-salt food
C:many people never eat low-salt food
D:it is good to health to eat food without salt答案：B解析：由文章第二段可知，减少食物中的盐使许多口味重的人反对接受这种食物，选项中只 有“许多人努力接受低盐食物”符合题意。
由第四段的内容可知，整段主要讲的是“怎样选择被测试者以及研究中他们该怎 么做”。
由第五段的内容可知，口味超重的人特别喜欢快餐是因为快餐含盐比较多。
由第六段的内容可知，含盐高的乳酪可以遮住其苦味，使其不那么苦，所以口味重的人 喜欢吃含盐高的乳酪。
由最后一段的“biological differences”可以推断出人的口味是由其基因决定的。 -
第8题：
共用题干
第一篇
Food Poisoning
Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things,A person who eats such food can get an illness called
food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious,but some types are deadly.The symptoms of food poi-
soning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.Fever is one of the most common symptoms.
Certain microorganisms（微生物）cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms
can poison eggs,meat,vegetables,and many other foods.After entering the body,these tiny living things re-
lease（释放）poisons that make people sick.
Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown,pro-
cessed,or prepared.For example,many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects.Some
people may have a bad reaction to those chemical、when they eat the crops.
Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people.These includo certain kinds
of seafood,grains,nuts,seeds,beans,and mushrooms.
When people handle food properly,the risk of food poisoning is very small.Microorganisms multiply rapidly
in dirty places and in warm temperatures.This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or
put food on unwashed surfaces.Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing,
Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered
with chemicals before eating it.Finally,people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the
wild.Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans.In addition,some types
of fish can be poisonous.
Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people
eat natural poisons,they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.It can be inferred from the passage that_______________.
A:natural materials are safe in food processing
B:chemicals are needed in food processing
C:food poisoning can be kept under control
D:food poisoning is out of control答案：C解析：该题目考查关于食物中毒的描述。通读全文，可知第一段对食物中毒做了一个简单的 介绍。由第一段第三句“食物中毒通常并不严重，但有些也是致命的”可知D选项表述与原文 一致，B选项“食物中毒就意味着死亡”太绝对，与原文表述不符。从该段第四、五句可知食物 中毒会有很多的症状，最常见的是发烧，由此可知A选项表述正确。从第二段第一句可知食物 中毒也有很多种类，因此C选项表述与原文一致。据此分析，表述错误的只有B选项，因此为正确答案。
根据题目中关键词symptoms迅速定位至第一段最后两句话“食物中毒的症状往往在吃 完食物数小时内就会出现、发烧是最常见的一个症状。”由此可知，A选项表述与原文不一致， C选项表述与原文相符。B、D选项未提及。因此止确答案为C。
该题目考查引起食物中毒的原因。通读全文可知第二段至第四段讨论了什么东西会 引起食物中毒——微生物、化学制品及一些含有天然毒素的植物和动物。C 、A、D兰个选项分 别与之对应。而由第五段“Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing." 可知low temperature、不会导致food poisoning。因此正确答案为B。
根据题目可迅速定位到第五段，由文中的“肉类需彻底烹调以杀灭有毒的微生物。覆 盖有化学物质的食物食用前要清洗：最后，人们不应该吃野生蘑菇或其他野生食物……”可以 推测出D选项表述正确。而A选项表述太绝对，B、C选项则无细节支持。
通读全文可知该篇文章讨论了食物中毒的症状、原因及如何降低食物中毒的风险。由 第五段第一句和最后一段可推测出C选项表述与原文意思相符，D选项表述错误。由第四段 可知天然物质也会引起食物中毒，因此A选项与原文表述不一致。B选项文中未提及。据此 分析正确答案为C。第二篇 本文主要介绍了核辐射危害的严重性、潜伏性和长期性。 -
第9题：
共用题干
第一篇
Food Poisoning
Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things,A person who eats such food can get an illness called
food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious,but some types are deadly.The symptoms of food poi-
soning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.Fever is one of the most common symptoms.
Certain microorganisms（微生物）cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms
can poison eggs,meat,vegetables,and many other foods.After entering the body,these tiny living things re-
lease（释放）poisons that make people sick.
Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown,pro-
cessed,or prepared.For example,many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects.Some
people may have a bad reaction to those chemical、when they eat the crops.
Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people.These includo certain kinds
of seafood,grains,nuts,seeds,beans,and mushrooms.
When people handle food properly,the risk of food poisoning is very small.Microorganisms multiply rapidly
in dirty places and in warm temperatures.This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or
put food on unwashed surfaces.Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing,
Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered
with chemicals before eating it.Finally,people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the
wild.Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans.In addition,some types
of fish can be poisonous.
Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people
eat natural poisons,they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.
A:are always accompanied by a fever
B:are too common to be noted
C:can be noticed within hours
D:can he ignored答案：C解析：该题目考查关于食物中毒的描述。通读全文，可知第一段对食物中毒做了一个简单的 介绍。由第一段第三句“食物中毒通常并不严重，但有些也是致命的”可知D选项表述与原文 一致，B选项“食物中毒就意味着死亡”太绝对，与原文表述不符。从该段第四、五句可知食物 中毒会有很多的症状，最常见的是发烧，由此可知A选项表述正确。从第二段第一句可知食物 中毒也有很多种类，因此C选项表述与原文一致。据此分析，表述错误的只有B选项，因此为正确答案。
根据题目中关键词symptoms迅速定位至第一段最后两句话“食物中毒的症状往往在吃 完食物数小时内就会出现、发烧是最常见的一个症状。”由此可知，A选项表述与原文不一致， C选项表述与原文相符。B、D选项未提及。因此止确答案为C。
该题目考查引起食物中毒的原因。通读全文可知第二段至第四段讨论了什么东西会 引起食物中毒——微生物、化学制品及一些含有天然毒素的植物和动物。C 、A、D兰个选项分 别与之对应。而由第五段“Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing." 可知low temperature、不会导致food poisoning。因此正确答案为B。
根据题目可迅速定位到第五段，由文中的“肉类需彻底烹调以杀灭有毒的微生物。覆 盖有化学物质的食物食用前要清洗：最后，人们不应该吃野生蘑菇或其他野生食物……”可以 推测出D选项表述正确。而A选项表述太绝对，B、C选项则无细节支持。
通读全文可知该篇文章讨论了食物中毒的症状、原因及如何降低食物中毒的风险。由 第五段第一句和最后一段可推测出C选项表述与原文意思相符，D选项表述错误。由第四段 可知天然物质也会引起食物中毒，因此A选项与原文表述不一致。B选项文中未提及。据此 分析正确答案为C。第二篇 本文主要介绍了核辐射危害的严重性、潜伏性和长期性。 -
第10题：
单选题Processed food and food （）contains chemicals and preservatives should be avoided.Awhen
Bwhere
Cwhich
Dwho
正确答案： A解析： 暂无解析 -
第11题：
单选题In order to culture and propagate enough bacteria to treat the body and galley wastes（）Aa new bacteria colony should be put into the plant in advance
Bthe disinfection chemicals should be always used
Cthe air blower should be started and keep running in advance
Dthe nutrient for bacteria should put into plant in advance
正确答案： C解析： 暂无解析 -
第12题：
问答题In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully, and then complete the summary below by choosing a maximum of three words from the passage to fill in each of the blanks. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. Everyone knows about pollution in the environment. Water, air, and land are all polluted. This means that pollution is everywhere. Now, scientists are looking inside our bodies to find out about internal pollution. In 2003, the Environmental Working Group studied nine people to measure the chemicals in their bodies. These nine people had an average of 53 cancer-causing chemicals in their bodies. They also had an average of 62 chemicals that can damage the brain, and 55 that can harm babies in pregnant women. Even though a lot of chemicals were found in human bodies, the chemicals were found in small amounts. The amounts were small enough that they were probably not hurting the people. However, scientists are worried because most of these chemicals were created by humans. Most of these chemicals did not exist 75 years ago. This proves that we have not only polluted the world—we have polluted our own bodies! How does this pollution get into our bodies? We come into contact with many chemicals every day. For example, everyone uses soap, skin lotion, and shampoo. However, few people know that these products contain harmful chemicals, some of which may cause memory loss. Chemicals known as DEA (diethanolamine) and TEA (triethanolamine) may seep into the skin and stop us from absorbing a helpful nutrient called “choline”. Choline is a nutrient that plays a crucial role in the memory cell making process in the developing brain. Some people worry that every time we wash our hair, we are decreasing our memories. Everyone knows they should brush their teeth regularly, but recent research has shown that some toothpastes can cause cancer. Fluoride is a key ingredient in many toothpastes. However, studies show that fluoride does not really protect our teeth. In fact, fluoride has been connected with bone cancer and other diseases. While we are trying to save our smiles, we could be damaging our health. Women are probably exposed to more chemicals than men because they use more beauty products. Recently, harmful chemicals have been found in nail polish, hair spray, deodorant, and perfume. The chemicals are called “phthalates”. Studies on animals have shown that phthalates can damage the liver, the kidneys, and the lungs. Cosmetic companies say the amounts of phthalates in their products are safe, but consumer protection groups disagree. They say some women use so many products that the levels are actually high. So, the more women try to look beautiful, the more they could be harming their health. In a futuristic story by Ray Bradbury, a man found a pristine stream on a new planet. When he drank from the stream, he died! Why? His body was so polluted that pure water was a poison to him! Perhaps that is only science fiction, but it reminds us to take care of our bodies. We must find ways to reduce the pollution we absorb. Summary: Like our polluted environment, our bodies are no longer pollution-free. Scientists now know that there is pollution in our bodies. On 1 , we have 53 cancer-causing chemicals in our bodies. Even fluoride 2 with bone cancer and other diseases. Some common cosmetics contain small amounts of chemicals, which seep into our 3 when we use these products. They prevent us from absorbing the 4 our bodies need. So, it is 5 that we find ways to reduce the amount of chemicals in our bodies. We should remind our friends and families to take care of their bodies.正确答案：
1.average 第二段中提到:2003年,环境工作组对九个人做了调查研究,其结果显示他们有an average of 53 cancer - causing chemicals in their bodies,这九个人代表了我们普通人群。
2.has been connected / is connected 第四段倒数第二句明确提到In fact, fluoride has been connected with bone cancer and other diseases。
3.skin 第三段以香皂、润肤露和洗发水等普通化妆品为例讲述了它们中含有的DEA和TEA “may seep into the skin…”,且由常识可知,化妆品直接与皮肤接触,使用过程中很容易渗透进皮肤,因此答案为skin。
4.nutrients 第三段提到日用护肤品中含有的DEA和TEA may seep into the skin and stop us from absorbing a helpful nutrient called “choline”,由此类推,可知普通化妆品的使用会妨碍我们的身体吸收其所需要的营养物。nutrient营养物,滋养品。
5.crucial 本文详细论述了化学物质会对我们的身体造成巨大的伤害,最后一句又提到我们必须想办法减少体内吸收的污染物,由此可知寻找减少我们体内的化学物质的方法是至关重要的。另外,答案还可以是important,essential等意义相近的词。解析： 暂无解析 -
第13题：
The inhABitants in the three places famous for longevity have similarities, including ()
A、Food without chemicals.
B、They live on agriculture
C、They live far away from the cities.
D、They drink large amounts of alcohol.
参考答案：ABC
-
第14题：
Processed food and food______ contains chemicals and preservatives should be avoided.
A、when
B、where
C、which
D、who
参考答案：C
-
第15题：
B
Breakfast is very important． It- s one of the most important meals of the day． To build strong bodies and keep healthy, everyone should always eat a good breakfast． Eating the right food is needed for good health． We may have eggs, bread, milk, etc．for our breakfast．
Many fathers and mothers don-t get their children to eat breakfast because they don't have breakfast themselves． It-s bad for their health．
Without breakfast children may not grow as fast as they should and may not study and play as well in school in the morning as they could． They can be often ill, and when they're ill, it may take them longer to be in good health again than it takes children with good health habits．
Without food the body will stop working． Nobody will live without food．
( )26．If we eat a good breakfast,________
A． we’ll be happy in the morning
B． we’ll make our bodies strong and keep healthy
C． we’ll eat less for lunch
D． we’ll pass the exam
正确答案：B
26.B【解析】从第一段第三句可知B项正确。 -
第16题：
共用题干
第一篇
irradiating（照射）fruits, vegetable, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past decade or so.Irradiation of other meats, such as beef and lamb,is being reviewed.Federal approval dose not require that industry adopt the process,and few food processors presently offer irradiated products.
Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated food may cause cancer,despite scientific studies that prove the safety of treated food.Some people argue that more severe government inspection,higher food-safety standards,and more careful food-preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe.Consequently,companies currently see no need to spend millions of dollars outfitting（配备）processing plants with the equipment necessary for a process that very few shoppers are in favor of.
All supermarkets that sell irradiated food must label that food either directly on the packaging or in the case of bulk items like fruits and vegetables by placing a sign nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food served by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distributors,nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients.
Presently,the FDA allows food to be treated with three types of radiation一gamma rays,highenergy electrons,and X-rays,and sets limits on doses（辐射量）depending on the type of food. The principle is that the dose to be used for a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and bacteria present in it.Different types of food,because of their different molecular（分子）compositions,may require different doses of radiation.Which of the following statements about the consumers' attitude toward irradiated foods is NOT true?
A:Many consumers are afraid that irradiated foods may cause cancer.
B:Some consumers are doubtful of the safety of irradiated foods.
C:Some consumers suggest a more severe government inspection be taken.
D:Most consumers welcome the food processing companies outfitted with irradiated equipment.答案：D解析：推理判断题。本题考查对review一词的理解。从文章第一段第一句可知，有些经过辐射处理的食品已被FDA认可；从第二句的being reviewed可知有些食品仍然正在评估中。所以选项A、B、D都太绝对或概括过度，均不正确。
推理判断题。本题考查对复合句的理解。本题解题的关键是找出第二段结尾句中的that引导的定语从句修饰的是process，从该定语从句可推断出消费者对其持不认同的态度。由此可见，选项D是本题的答案。选项A、几C在第二段中都先后有明确提及。
词义推断题。根据上下文，特别是outfit和equipment两个词，可知是为 processing plants配备设备。因此，可推断出processing plants指的是“食品加工厂”。
事实细节题。第三段指出食物在哪些情况下要贴上被辐射过的标签，其中第一句提到在supermarket一定要标明哪些食品被辐射过，但对医院或餐厅出售的食物并无此规定。选项D在文中没有提及。
主旨大意题。第一段提到，FDA认可部分食品可以用辐射方法进行处理，第二段谈到消费者对irradiated food持怀疑态度，同时符合这两条的只有选项C。 -
第17题：
共用题干
第一篇
irradiating（照射）fruits, vegetable, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past decade or so.Irradiation of other meats, such as beef and lamb,is being reviewed.Federal approval dose not require that industry adopt the process,and few food processors presently offer irradiated products.
Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated food may cause cancer,despite scientific studies that prove the safety of treated food.Some people argue that more severe government inspection,higher food-safety standards,and more careful food-preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe.Consequently,companies currently see no need to spend millions of dollars outfitting（配备）processing plants with the equipment necessary for a process that very few shoppers are in favor of.
All supermarkets that sell irradiated food must label that food either directly on the packaging or in the case of bulk items like fruits and vegetables by placing a sign nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food served by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distributors,nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients.
Presently,the FDA allows food to be treated with three types of radiation一gamma rays,highenergy electrons,and X-rays,and sets limits on doses（辐射量）depending on the type of food. The principle is that the dose to be used for a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and bacteria present in it.Different types of food,because of their different molecular（分子）compositions,may require different doses of radiation.What does"processing plants"in the second paragraph most probably refer to?
A:Market information processers.
B:Food-processing factories.
C:Business companies.
D:Supermarket.答案：B解析：推理判断题。本题考查对review一词的理解。从文章第一段第一句可知，有些经过辐射处理的食品已被FDA认可；从第二句的being reviewed可知有些食品仍然正在评估中。所以选项A、B、D都太绝对或概括过度，均不正确。
推理判断题。本题考查对复合句的理解。本题解题的关键是找出第二段结尾句中的that引导的定语从句修饰的是process，从该定语从句可推断出消费者对其持不认同的态度。由此可见，选项D是本题的答案。选项A、几C在第二段中都先后有明确提及。
词义推断题。根据上下文，特别是outfit和equipment两个词，可知是为 processing plants配备设备。因此，可推断出processing plants指的是“食品加工厂”。
事实细节题。第三段指出食物在哪些情况下要贴上被辐射过的标签，其中第一句提到在supermarket一定要标明哪些食品被辐射过，但对医院或餐厅出售的食物并无此规定。选项D在文中没有提及。
主旨大意题。第一段提到，FDA认可部分食品可以用辐射方法进行处理，第二段谈到消费者对irradiated food持怀疑态度，同时符合这两条的只有选项C。 -
第18题：
共用题干
第一篇
irradiating（照射）fruits, vegetable, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past decade or so.Irradiation of other meats, such as beef and lamb,is being reviewed.Federal approval dose not require that industry adopt the process,and few food processors presently offer irradiated products.
Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated food may cause cancer,despite scientific studies that prove the safety of treated food.Some people argue that more severe government inspection,higher food-safety standards,and more careful food-preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe.Consequently,companies currently see no need to spend millions of dollars outfitting（配备）processing plants with the equipment necessary for a process that very few shoppers are in favor of.
All supermarkets that sell irradiated food must label that food either directly on the packaging or in the case of bulk items like fruits and vegetables by placing a sign nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food served by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distributors,nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients.
Presently,the FDA allows food to be treated with three types of radiation一gamma rays,highenergy electrons,and X-rays,and sets limits on doses（辐射量）depending on the type of food. The principle is that the dose to be used for a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and bacteria present in it.Different types of food,because of their different molecular（分子）compositions,may require different doses of radiation.Which of the following best reflects the content of the passage?
A:Although FDA does not approve irradiated food,consumers accept irradiated food.
B:Neither FDA approves irradiated food,nor do consumers accept irradiated food.
C:FDA approves irradiated food to some extend,but irradiated food is not widely accepted.
D:Both FDA and consumers think that irradiated food is not safe.答案：C解析：推理判断题。本题考查对review一词的理解。从文章第一段第一句可知，有些经过辐射处理的食品已被FDA认可；从第二句的being reviewed可知有些食品仍然正在评估中。所以选项A、B、D都太绝对或概括过度，均不正确。
推理判断题。本题考查对复合句的理解。本题解题的关键是找出第二段结尾句中的that引导的定语从句修饰的是process，从该定语从句可推断出消费者对其持不认同的态度。由此可见，选项D是本题的答案。选项A、几C在第二段中都先后有明确提及。
词义推断题。根据上下文，特别是outfit和equipment两个词，可知是为 processing plants配备设备。因此，可推断出processing plants指的是“食品加工厂”。
事实细节题。第三段指出食物在哪些情况下要贴上被辐射过的标签，其中第一句提到在supermarket一定要标明哪些食品被辐射过，但对医院或餐厅出售的食物并无此规定。选项D在文中没有提及。
主旨大意题。第一段提到，FDA认可部分食品可以用辐射方法进行处理，第二段谈到消费者对irradiated food持怀疑态度，同时符合这两条的只有选项C。 -
第19题：
共用题干
第一篇
Food Poisoning
Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things,A person who eats such food can get an illness called
food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious,but some types are deadly.The symptoms of food poi-
soning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.Fever is one of the most common symptoms.
Certain microorganisms（微生物）cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms
can poison eggs,meat,vegetables,and many other foods.After entering the body,these tiny living things re-
lease（释放）poisons that make people sick.
Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown,pro-
cessed,or prepared.For example,many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects.Some
people may have a bad reaction to those chemical、when they eat the crops.
Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people.These includo certain kinds
of seafood,grains,nuts,seeds,beans,and mushrooms.
When people handle food properly,the risk of food poisoning is very small.Microorganisms multiply rapidly
in dirty places and in warm temperatures.This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or
put food on unwashed surfaces.Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing,
Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered
with chemicals before eating it.Finally,people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the
wild.Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans.In addition,some types
of fish can be poisonous.
Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people
eat natural poisons,they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.From Paragraph 5,we can learn that_______________.
A:mushrooms should not he eaten
B:vegetables are safer than meat and seafood
C:natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals
D:different types of food should he handled differently答案：D解析：该题目考查关于食物中毒的描述。通读全文，可知第一段对食物中毒做了一个简单的 介绍。由第一段第三句“食物中毒通常并不严重，但有些也是致命的”可知D选项表述与原文 一致，B选项“食物中毒就意味着死亡”太绝对，与原文表述不符。从该段第四、五句可知食物 中毒会有很多的症状，最常见的是发烧，由此可知A选项表述正确。从第二段第一句可知食物 中毒也有很多种类，因此C选项表述与原文一致。据此分析，表述错误的只有B选项，因此为正确答案。
根据题目中关键词symptoms迅速定位至第一段最后两句话“食物中毒的症状往往在吃 完食物数小时内就会出现、发烧是最常见的一个症状。”由此可知，A选项表述与原文不一致， C选项表述与原文相符。B、D选项未提及。因此止确答案为C。
该题目考查引起食物中毒的原因。通读全文可知第二段至第四段讨论了什么东西会 引起食物中毒——微生物、化学制品及一些含有天然毒素的植物和动物。C 、A、D兰个选项分 别与之对应。而由第五段“Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing." 可知low temperature、不会导致food poisoning。因此正确答案为B。
根据题目可迅速定位到第五段，由文中的“肉类需彻底烹调以杀灭有毒的微生物。覆 盖有化学物质的食物食用前要清洗：最后，人们不应该吃野生蘑菇或其他野生食物……”可以 推测出D选项表述正确。而A选项表述太绝对，B、C选项则无细节支持。
通读全文可知该篇文章讨论了食物中毒的症状、原因及如何降低食物中毒的风险。由 第五段第一句和最后一段可推测出C选项表述与原文意思相符，D选项表述错误。由第四段 可知天然物质也会引起食物中毒，因此A选项与原文表述不一致。B选项文中未提及。据此 分析正确答案为C。第二篇 本文主要介绍了核辐射危害的严重性、潜伏性和长期性。 -
第20题：
共用题干
第一篇
Food Poisoning
Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things,A person who eats such food can get an illness called
food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious,but some types are deadly.The symptoms of food poi-
soning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.Fever is one of the most common symptoms.
Certain microorganisms（微生物）cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms
can poison eggs,meat,vegetables,and many other foods.After entering the body,these tiny living things re-
lease（释放）poisons that make people sick.
Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown,pro-
cessed,or prepared.For example,many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects.Some
people may have a bad reaction to those chemical、when they eat the crops.
Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people.These includo certain kinds
of seafood,grains,nuts,seeds,beans,and mushrooms.
When people handle food properly,the risk of food poisoning is very small.Microorganisms multiply rapidly
in dirty places and in warm temperatures.This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or
put food on unwashed surfaces.Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing,
Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered
with chemicals before eating it.Finally,people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the
wild.Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans.In addition,some types
of fish can be poisonous.
Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people
eat natural poisons,they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A:Food when poisoned can make people sick.
B:Food poisoning means death.
C:F0od poisoning comes in varieties.
D:Food poisoning can be serious,答案：B解析：该题目考查关于食物中毒的描述。通读全文，可知第一段对食物中毒做了一个简单的 介绍。由第一段第三句“食物中毒通常并不严重，但有些也是致命的”可知D选项表述与原文 一致，B选项“食物中毒就意味着死亡”太绝对，与原文表述不符。从该段第四、五句可知食物 中毒会有很多的症状，最常见的是发烧，由此可知A选项表述正确。从第二段第一句可知食物 中毒也有很多种类，因此C选项表述与原文一致。据此分析，表述错误的只有B选项，因此为正确答案。
根据题目中关键词symptoms迅速定位至第一段最后两句话“食物中毒的症状往往在吃 完食物数小时内就会出现、发烧是最常见的一个症状。”由此可知，A选项表述与原文不一致， C选项表述与原文相符。B、D选项未提及。因此止确答案为C。
该题目考查引起食物中毒的原因。通读全文可知第二段至第四段讨论了什么东西会 引起食物中毒——微生物、化学制品及一些含有天然毒素的植物和动物。C 、A、D兰个选项分 别与之对应。而由第五段“Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing." 可知low temperature、不会导致food poisoning。因此正确答案为B。
根据题目可迅速定位到第五段，由文中的“肉类需彻底烹调以杀灭有毒的微生物。覆 盖有化学物质的食物食用前要清洗：最后，人们不应该吃野生蘑菇或其他野生食物……”可以 推测出D选项表述正确。而A选项表述太绝对，B、C选项则无细节支持。
通读全文可知该篇文章讨论了食物中毒的症状、原因及如何降低食物中毒的风险。由 第五段第一句和最后一段可推测出C选项表述与原文意思相符，D选项表述错误。由第四段 可知天然物质也会引起食物中毒，因此A选项与原文表述不一致。B选项文中未提及。据此 分析正确答案为C。第二篇 本文主要介绍了核辐射危害的严重性、潜伏性和长期性。 -
第21题：
单选题This passage is mainly about _____.Athe different ways of preserving food
Bwhy we must kill the bacteria in our food
Cthe importance of preserving food
Dhow to preserve food by cooking and salting
正确答案： A解析：
本题考查文章的主旨。第一段作者介绍了保存食物的原理，从第二段起开始介绍保存食物的各种方法，如冷冻法、烹饪法、晒干法、盐腌法以及添加化学成分法。因此文章的主旨是保存食物的不同方法，答案选A。 -
第22题：
单选题Cooking is an effective way in preserving food because _____.Acooking always kills the bacteria in food
Bcooking can make the food become dry
Cthe fire in cooking can kill bacteria
Dunder the right conditions, cooking will kill bacteria
正确答案： A解析：
根据第二段首句Cooking will usually kill bacteria if the temperature is high enough and long enough.可知，在一定的条件下(即温度够高、时间够长的话)，烹饪法能杀死细菌，因此是一种保存食物的有效方法。 -
第23题：
单选题As a defense against air-pollution damage, many plants and animals _____ a substance to absorb harmful chemicals.Arelieve
Brelease
Cdismiss
Ddiscard
正确答案： B解析：
句意：作为对空气污染造成的伤害的一种抵御，许多动植物释放出一种物质来吸收有害的化学物质。release释放，放出。relieve减轻，减缓。dismiss解雇。discard舍弃，丢弃。