单选题Bypass surgery has been shown to be effective at helping extremely obese people lose weight. Some patients have lost as much as 300 pounds after undergoing the surgery, thereby substantially prolonging their lives. Despite the success of the treatment,

共用题干
Clinical Trials
1. Many clinical trials are done to see if a new drug or device is safe and effective for people to use.Sometimes clinical trials are used to study different ways to use the standard treatments so they will be more effective,easier to use,and/or decrease side effects.Sometimes,studies are done to learn how to best use the treatment in a different population,such as children,in whom the treatment was not previously tested.
2. It is important to test drugs and medical products in the people they are meant to help.It is also important to conduct research in a variety of people because different people may respond differently to treatments.Some people participate in clinical trials because they have exhausted standard treatment options .Other people participate in trials because they want to contribute to the ad-vancement of medical knowledge.
3. The FDA（食品及药物管理局）works to protect participants in clinical trials and to ensure that people have reliable information as they decide whether to join a clinical trial.Although efforts are made to control the risks to clinical trial participants,some risks may be unavoidable because of the uncertainty inherent（内在的）in medical research studies involving new medical treatments.
4. People should learn as much as possible about the clinical trials that interest them.They should also feel comfortable discussing their questions and concerns with members of the health care team. Prospective（预期的）participants should understand what happens during the trial ,the type of health care they will receive,and any costs to them.Anyone considering a clinical trial should also know that there are benefits and risks associated with participating.

Learn as much as you can about a clinical trial______.
A: candidates for clinical trials
B: during the trial
C: medical knowledge
D: in humans
E: before participation
F: for some patients

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Stem Cell Therapy May Help Repair the Heart
According to scientists in the USA,stem cell therapy may one day be able to repair the
hearts of people with heart failure.Researchers at Pittsburgh University School of Medicine
examined 20 patients who had severe heart failure and were going to have surgery.
They injected stem cells into the parts of their hearts that were damaged.They then
compared their hearts with those of people who had undergone surgery without having the
stem cells injected into them(they had also suffered from severe heart failure).The
patients who had had the stem cells injected had hearts that were able to pump（用泵抽运）
more blood than the others.
According to Professor Robert Kormos,one of the researchers,these results could
revolutionize heart treatment.Although previous studies had indicated that there might be a
benefit,this is the first study that has actually proved that stem cell therapy can help the
failing heart work better．
All the patients in this study had hearts that could not pump blood properly.The
scientists measured their ejection fraction（射血分数）.This is a measure of heart
performance;you measure how much blood is being pumped out by the left ventricle（心
室）.
Healthy people's ejection fraction is about 55%.These patients had ejection fraction of
under 35%. They all had by-pass surgery（搭桥手术）performed on them. Some of the
patients had stem cells taken from their hip bones and injected into 25-30 sites in the
damaged heart muscle.Six months later their ejection fraction rate was 46.1%while those
who just had surgery but no stem cell injections averaged 37. 2%.
No side effects were reported.
Heart failure is a common problem all over the world.In the UK alone about 650, 000
people suffer from heart failure every year. As the number of people suffering from heart
failure increases in the world in general these findings are particularly significant.
Current treatments relieve the symptoms.This new stem cell therapy actually repairs
the damaged muscle in the heart and has the potential of curing the disease.

The 20 patients had stem cell injections instead of surgery.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
Stem Cell Therapy May Help Repair the Heart
According to scientists in the USA,stem cell therapy may one day be able to repair the
hearts of people with heart failure.Researchers at Pittsburgh University School of Medicine
examined 20 patients who had severe heart failure and were going to have surgery.
They injected stem cells into the parts of their hearts that were damaged.They then
compared their hearts with those of people who had undergone surgery without having the
stem cells injected into them(they had also suffered from severe heart failure).The
patients who had had the stem cells injected had hearts that were able to pump（用泵抽运）
more blood than the others.
According to Professor Robert Kormos,one of the researchers,these results could
revolutionize heart treatment.Although previous studies had indicated that there might be a
benefit,this is the first study that has actually proved that stem cell therapy can help the
failing heart work better．
All the patients in this study had hearts that could not pump blood properly.The
scientists measured their ejection fraction（射血分数）.This is a measure of heart
performance;you measure how much blood is being pumped out by the left ventricle（心
室）.
Healthy people's ejection fraction is about 55%.These patients had ejection fraction of
under 35%. They all had by-pass surgery（搭桥手术）performed on them. Some of the
patients had stem cells taken from their hip bones and injected into 25-30 sites in the
damaged heart muscle.Six months later their ejection fraction rate was 46.1%while those
who just had surgery but no stem cell injections averaged 37. 2%.
No side effects were reported.
Heart failure is a common problem all over the world.In the UK alone about 650, 000
people suffer from heart failure every year. As the number of people suffering from heart
failure increases in the world in general these findings are particularly significant.
Current treatments relieve the symptoms.This new stem cell therapy actually repairs
the damaged muscle in the heart and has the potential of curing the disease.

The control group patients regretted not having had stem cell injections.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

Text l How,when and where death happens has changed over the past century.As late as 1990 half of deaths worldwide were caused by chronic diseases;in 2015 the share was two-thirds.Most deaths in rich countries follow years of uneven deterioration.Roughly two-thirds happen in a hospital or nursing home.They often come after a ctimax of desperate treatment.Such passionate intervention can be agonising for all concerned.These medicalised deaths do not seem to be what people want.Polls find that most people in good health hope that,when the time comes,they will die at home.They want to die free from pain,at peace,and surrounded by loved ones for whom they are not a burden.But some deaths are unavoidably miserable.Not everyone will be in a condition to toast death's imminence with champagne,as Anton Chekhov did.What people say they will want while they are well may change as the end nears.Dying at home is less appealing if all the medical kit is at the hospital.A treatment that is unbearable in the imagination can seem like the lesser of two evils when the alternative is death.Some patients will want to fight until all hope is lost.But too often patients receive drastic treatment in spite of their dying wishes~by default,when doctors do"everything possible",as they have been trained to,without talking through people's preferences or ensuring that the prediction is clearly understood.The legalisation of doctor-assisted dying has been called for,so that mentally fit,terminally ill patients can be helped to end their lives if that is their wish.But the right to die is just one part of better care at the end of life.The evidence suggests that most people want this option,but that few would,in the end,choose to exercise it.To give people the death they say they want,medicine should take some simple steps.More palliative care is needed.Providing it earlier in the course of advanced cancer alongside the usual treatments turns out not only to reduce suffering,but to prolong life,too.Most doctors enter medicine to help people delay death,not to talk about its inevitability.But talk they must.Medicare,America's public health scheme for the over-65s,has recently started paying doctors for in-depth conversations with terminally ill patients;other national health-care systems,and insurers,should follow.Cost is not an obstacle,since informed,engaged patients will be less likely to want pointless procedures.Fewer doctors may be sued,as poor communication is a common theme in malpractice claims.
A ceniury ago,death was characterized as being_____

A.quick
B.slow
C.medicalised
D.peaceful

Text l How,when and where death happens has changed over the past century.As late as 1990 half of deaths worldwide were caused by chronic diseases;in 2015 the share was two-thirds.Most deaths in rich countries follow years of uneven deterioration.Roughly two-thirds happen in a hospital or nursing home.They often come after a ctimax of desperate treatment.Such passionate intervention can be agonising for all concerned.These medicalised deaths do not seem to be what people want.Polls find that most people in good health hope that,when the time comes,they will die at home.They want to die free from pain,at peace,and surrounded by loved ones for whom they are not a burden.But some deaths are unavoidably miserable.Not everyone will be in a condition to toast death's imminence with champagne,as Anton Chekhov did.What people say they will want while they are well may change as the end nears.Dying at home is less appealing if all the medical kit is at the hospital.A treatment that is unbearable in the imagination can seem like the lesser of two evils when the alternative is death.Some patients will want to fight until all hope is lost.But too often patients receive drastic treatment in spite of their dying wishes~by default,when doctors do"everything possible",as they have been trained to,without talking through people's preferences or ensuring that the prediction is clearly understood.The legalisation of doctor-assisted dying has been called for,so that mentally fit,terminally ill patients can be helped to end their lives if that is their wish.But the right to die is just one part of better care at the end of life.The evidence suggests that most people want this option,but that few would,in the end,choose to exercise it.To give people the death they say they want,medicine should take some simple steps.More palliative care is needed.Providing it earlier in the course of advanced cancer alongside the usual treatments turns out not only to reduce suffering,but to prolong life,too.Most doctors enter medicine to help people delay death,not to talk about its inevitability.But talk they must.Medicare,America's public health scheme for the over-65s,has recently started paying doctors for in-depth conversations with terminally ill patients;other national health-care systems,and insurers,should follow.Cost is not an obstacle,since informed,engaged patients will be less likely to want pointless procedures.Fewer doctors may be sued,as poor communication is a common theme in malpractice claims.
We can learn from Paragraph 3 that____

A.dying patients suffer undertreatment
B.doctor-paiient communication is poor
C.doctor-assisted dying has been legalized
D.the right to die is better cure for dying patients

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第二篇

The Best Way to Reduce Your Weight

You hear this:"No wonder you are fat.All you ever do is eat."You feel sad:"I skip my breakfast and
supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do?"Basically you can do nothing. Your genes,not
your life habits,determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.
Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that"80 percent of the chil-
dren of two obese（肥胖的）parents become obese , as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring
of two parents of normal weight."
How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting? Well,dieting can be effective,but
the health costs are tremendous.Jules Hirsch,a research physician at Rockefeller University,did a study of
eight fat people.They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.After more than 10 weeks,the
subjects lost 45kg on average.But after leaving the hospital,they all regained weight. The results were sur-
prising : by metabolic（新陈代谢的）measurement , fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like
they were starving. They had psychiatric problems.They dreamed of food or breaking their diet. They were
anxious and depressed;some were suicidal.They hid food in their rooms.Researchers warn that it is possible
that weight reduction doesn't result in normal weight,but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved
nonobese people.
Thin people,however,suffer from the opposite:They have to make a great effort to gain weight.Ethan
Sims,of the University of Vermont,got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months,they ate as
much as they could. They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent.But months after the
study ended,they were back to normal weight and stayed there.
This does not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight.It means that
those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly
lower their weight. The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true一each person
has a comfortable weight range.The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60～69kg without
too much effort. But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling
hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.

After leaving the hospital,the eight fat people_________.
A:attempted suicide
B:were back to their original weight
C:went mad
D:followed the advice of Hirsch's

共用题干
第二篇

The Best Way to Reduce Your Weight

You hear this:"No wonder you are fat.All you ever do is eat."You feel sad:"I skip my breakfast and
supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do?"Basically you can do nothing. Your genes,not
your life habits,determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.
Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that"80 percent of the chil-
dren of two obese（肥胖的）parents become obese , as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring
of two parents of normal weight."
How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting? Well,dieting can be effective,but
the health costs are tremendous.Jules Hirsch,a research physician at Rockefeller University,did a study of
eight fat people.They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.After more than 10 weeks,the
subjects lost 45kg on average.But after leaving the hospital,they all regained weight. The results were sur-
prising : by metabolic（新陈代谢的）measurement , fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like
they were starving. They had psychiatric problems.They dreamed of food or breaking their diet. They were
anxious and depressed;some were suicidal.They hid food in their rooms.Researchers warn that it is possible
that weight reduction doesn't result in normal weight,but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved
nonobese people.
Thin people,however,suffer from the opposite:They have to make a great effort to gain weight.Ethan
Sims,of the University of Vermont,got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months,they ate as
much as they could. They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent.But months after the
study ended,they were back to normal weight and stayed there.
This does not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight.It means that
those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly
lower their weight. The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true一each person
has a comfortable weight range.The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60～69kg without
too much effort. But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling
hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.

In Ethan Sims'study,the subjects were asked to________.
A:stay in prison
B:eat as much as they could
C:battle their genetic inheritance
D:lower their weight

共用题干
第三篇

The Best Way to Reduce Your Weight

You hear this:"No wonder you are fat. All you ever do is eat."You feel sad:"I skip my breakfast and supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do?"Basically you can do nothing. Your genes,not your life habits,determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.
Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that,"80 percent of the children of two obese parents become obese,as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight."
How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting?Well,dieting can be effective,but the health costs are tremendous.Jules Hirsch,a research physician at Rockefeller University,did a study of eight fat people.They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.After more than 10 weeks,the subjects lost 45kg on average.But after leaving the hospital,they all regained weight. The results were surprising:by metabolic measurement,fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving. They had psychiatric problems.They dreamed of food or breaking their diet.They were anxious and depressed;some were suicidal. They hid food in their rooms.Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn't result in normal weight,but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non-obese people.
Thin people,however,suffer from the opposite:They have to make a great effort to gain weight. Ethan Sims,of the University of Vermont,got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months,they ate as much as they could.They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent. But months after the study ended,they were back to normal weight and stayed there.
This did not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight. It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight.
The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true一each person has a comfortable weight range. The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60-69kg without too much effort.But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.

What did Ethan Sims make his subjects do?
A:Battle their genetic inheritance.
B:Increase their weight.
C:Stay at home.
D:Lower their weight.

共用题干
第三篇

The Best Way to Reduce Your Weight

You hear this:"No wonder you are fat. All you ever do is eat."You feel sad:"I skip my breakfast and supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do?"Basically you can do nothing. Your genes,not your life habits,determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.
Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that,"80 percent of the children of two obese parents become obese,as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight."
How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting?Well,dieting can be effective,but the health costs are tremendous.Jules Hirsch,a research physician at Rockefeller University,did a study of eight fat people.They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.After more than 10 weeks,the subjects lost 45kg on average.But after leaving the hospital,they all regained weight. The results were surprising:by metabolic measurement,fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving. They had psychiatric problems.They dreamed of food or breaking their diet.They were anxious and depressed;some were suicidal. They hid food in their rooms.Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn't result in normal weight,but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non-obese people.
Thin people,however,suffer from the opposite:They have to make a great effort to gain weight. Ethan Sims,of the University of Vermont,got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months,they ate as much as they could.They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent. But months after the study ended,they were back to normal weight and stayed there.
This did not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight. It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight.
The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true一each person has a comfortable weight range. The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60-69kg without too much effort.But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.

What did Jules Hirsch do in his study?
A:He let the eight fat people skip supper.
B:He let the eight fat people skip breakfast.
C:He let the eight fat people run every morning and evening.
D:He gave the eight fat people a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.

It______that 200 people died and over 5,000 lost their shelters after the flood.

A.reported
B.reports
C.has been reported
D.has reported

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Stem Cell Therapy May Help Repair the Heart
According to scientists in the USA,stem cell therapy may one day be able to repair the
hearts of people with heart failure.Researchers at Pittsburgh University School of Medicine
examined 20 patients who had severe heart failure and were going to have surgery.
They injected stem cells into the parts of their hearts that were damaged.They then
compared their hearts with those of people who had undergone surgery without having the
stem cells injected into them(they had also suffered from severe heart failure).The
patients who had had the stem cells injected had hearts that were able to pump（用泵抽运）
more blood than the others.
According to Professor Robert Kormos,one of the researchers,these results could
revolutionize heart treatment.Although previous studies had indicated that there might be a
benefit,this is the first study that has actually proved that stem cell therapy can help the
failing heart work better．
All the patients in this study had hearts that could not pump blood properly.The
scientists measured their ejection fraction（射血分数）.This is a measure of heart
performance;you measure how much blood is being pumped out by the left ventricle（心
室）.
Healthy people's ejection fraction is about 55%.These patients had ejection fraction of
under 35%. They all had by-pass surgery（搭桥手术）performed on them. Some of the
patients had stem cells taken from their hip bones and injected into 25-30 sites in the
damaged heart muscle.Six months later their ejection fraction rate was 46.1%while those
who just had surgery but no stem cell injections averaged 37. 2%.
No side effects were reported.
Heart failure is a common problem all over the world.In the UK alone about 650, 000
people suffer from heart failure every year. As the number of people suffering from heart
failure increases in the world in general these findings are particularly significant.
Current treatments relieve the symptoms.This new stem cell therapy actually repairs
the damaged muscle in the heart and has the potential of curing the disease.

Heart failure is more common in the UK than anywhere else in the world.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
Stem Cell Therapy May Help Repair the Heart
According to scientists in the USA,stem cell therapy may one day be able to repair the
hearts of people with heart failure.Researchers at Pittsburgh University School of Medicine
examined 20 patients who had severe heart failure and were going to have surgery.
They injected stem cells into the parts of their hearts that were damaged.They then
compared their hearts with those of people who had undergone surgery without having the
stem cells injected into them(they had also suffered from severe heart failure).The
patients who had had the stem cells injected had hearts that were able to pump（用泵抽运）
more blood than the others.
According to Professor Robert Kormos,one of the researchers,these results could
revolutionize heart treatment.Although previous studies had indicated that there might be a
benefit,this is the first study that has actually proved that stem cell therapy can help the
failing heart work better．
All the patients in this study had hearts that could not pump blood properly.The
scientists measured their ejection fraction（射血分数）.This is a measure of heart
performance;you measure how much blood is being pumped out by the left ventricle（心
室）.
Healthy people's ejection fraction is about 55%.These patients had ejection fraction of
under 35%. They all had by-pass surgery（搭桥手术）performed on them. Some of the
patients had stem cells taken from their hip bones and injected into 25-30 sites in the
damaged heart muscle.Six months later their ejection fraction rate was 46.1%while those
who just had surgery but no stem cell injections averaged 37. 2%.
No side effects were reported.
Heart failure is a common problem all over the world.In the UK alone about 650, 000
people suffer from heart failure every year. As the number of people suffering from heart
failure increases in the world in general these findings are particularly significant.
Current treatments relieve the symptoms.This new stem cell therapy actually repairs
the damaged muscle in the heart and has the potential of curing the disease.

Stem cell therapy seems to have great prospects.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

Thinner isn’t always better.A number of studies have 1_that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight.And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually_2_.For example,heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women.3 among the elderly,being somewhat overweight is often an_4 of good health.Of even greater 5 is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define.It is often defined 6_body mass index,or BMI.BMI 7 body mass divided by the square of height.An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight.Between 25 and 30 is overweight.And over 30 is considered obese.Obesity,8,can be divided into moderately obese,severely obese,and very severely obese.While such numerical standards seem 9,they are not.Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat.Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit,10 others with a low BMI may be in poor 11.For example,many collegiate and professional football players 12 as obese,though their percentage body fat is low.Conversely,someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a 13 BMI.Today we have a（an）_14_to label obesity as a disgrace.The overweight are sometimes_15_in the media with their faces covered.Stereotypes_16_with obesity include laziness,lack of will power,and lower prospects for success.Teachers,employers,and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese._17_very young children tend to look down on the overweight,and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.Negative attitudes toward obesity,_18_in health concerns,have stimulated a number of anti-obesity_19_.My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities.Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives.Michelle Obama launched a high-visibility campaign_20_childhood obesity,even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.12选？

A.start
B.quality
C.retire
D.stay

Text l How,when and where death happens has changed over the past century.As late as 1990 half of deaths worldwide were caused by chronic diseases;in 2015 the share was two-thirds.Most deaths in rich countries follow years of uneven deterioration.Roughly two-thirds happen in a hospital or nursing home.They often come after a ctimax of desperate treatment.Such passionate intervention can be agonising for all concerned.These medicalised deaths do not seem to be what people want.Polls find that most people in good health hope that,when the time comes,they will die at home.They want to die free from pain,at peace,and surrounded by loved ones for whom they are not a burden.But some deaths are unavoidably miserable.Not everyone will be in a condition to toast death's imminence with champagne,as Anton Chekhov did.What people say they will want while they are well may change as the end nears.Dying at home is less appealing if all the medical kit is at the hospital.A treatment that is unbearable in the imagination can seem like the lesser of two evils when the alternative is death.Some patients will want to fight until all hope is lost.But too often patients receive drastic treatment in spite of their dying wishes~by default,when doctors do"everything possible",as they have been trained to,without talking through people's preferences or ensuring that the prediction is clearly understood.The legalisation of doctor-assisted dying has been called for,so that mentally fit,terminally ill patients can be helped to end their lives if that is their wish.But the right to die is just one part of better care at the end of life.The evidence suggests that most people want this option,but that few would,in the end,choose to exercise it.To give people the death they say they want,medicine should take some simple steps.More palliative care is needed.Providing it earlier in the course of advanced cancer alongside the usual treatments turns out not only to reduce suffering,but to prolong life,too.Most doctors enter medicine to help people delay death,not to talk about its inevitability.But talk they must.Medicare,America's public health scheme for the over-65s,has recently started paying doctors for in-depth conversations with terminally ill patients;other national health-care systems,and insurers,should follow.Cost is not an obstacle,since informed,engaged patients will be less likely to want pointless procedures.Fewer doctors may be sued,as poor communication is a common theme in malpractice claims.
Concerning dying patients,doctors are accustomed to_____

A.giving them the death they want
B.helping them delay death
C.talking about the inevitability of death
D.providing them with palliative care

共用题干
第二篇

The Best Way to Reduce Your Weight

You hear this:"No wonder you are fat.All you ever do is eat."You feel sad:"I skip my breakfast and
supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do?"Basically you can do nothing. Your genes,not
your life habits,determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.
Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that"80 percent of the chil-
dren of two obese（肥胖的）parents become obese , as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring
of two parents of normal weight."
How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting? Well,dieting can be effective,but
the health costs are tremendous.Jules Hirsch,a research physician at Rockefeller University,did a study of
eight fat people.They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.After more than 10 weeks,the
subjects lost 45kg on average.But after leaving the hospital,they all regained weight. The results were sur-
prising : by metabolic（新陈代谢的）measurement , fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like
they were starving. They had psychiatric problems.They dreamed of food or breaking their diet. They were
anxious and depressed;some were suicidal.They hid food in their rooms.Researchers warn that it is possible
that weight reduction doesn't result in normal weight,but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved
nonobese people.
Thin people,however,suffer from the opposite:They have to make a great effort to gain weight.Ethan
Sims,of the University of Vermont,got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months,they ate as
much as they could. They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent.But months after the
study ended,they were back to normal weight and stayed there.
This does not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight.It means that
those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly
lower their weight. The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true一each person
has a comfortable weight range.The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60～69kg without
too much effort. But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling
hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.

The first paragraph tells us that our weight is determined by________.
A:our eating habits
B:our life style
C:our work habits
D:our genes

共用题干
第二篇

The Best Way to Reduce Your Weight

You hear this:"No wonder you are fat.All you ever do is eat."You feel sad:"I skip my breakfast and
supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do?"Basically you can do nothing. Your genes,not
your life habits,determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.
Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that"80 percent of the chil-
dren of two obese（肥胖的）parents become obese , as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring
of two parents of normal weight."
How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting? Well,dieting can be effective,but
the health costs are tremendous.Jules Hirsch,a research physician at Rockefeller University,did a study of
eight fat people.They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.After more than 10 weeks,the
subjects lost 45kg on average.But after leaving the hospital,they all regained weight. The results were sur-
prising : by metabolic（新陈代谢的）measurement , fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like
they were starving. They had psychiatric problems.They dreamed of food or breaking their diet. They were
anxious and depressed;some were suicidal.They hid food in their rooms.Researchers warn that it is possible
that weight reduction doesn't result in normal weight,but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved
nonobese people.
Thin people,however,suffer from the opposite:They have to make a great effort to gain weight.Ethan
Sims,of the University of Vermont,got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months,they ate as
much as they could. They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent.But months after the
study ended,they were back to normal weight and stayed there.
This does not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight.It means that
those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly
lower their weight. The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true一each person
has a comfortable weight range.The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60～69kg without
too much effort. But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling
hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.

Which of the following statements is true?
A:Each person wants to eat to his heart's content.
B:Each person has a weight range of 9kg.
C:Each person has a natural weight range.
D:Each person wants to control his weight.

共用题干
第三篇

The Best Way to Reduce Your Weight

You hear this:"No wonder you are fat. All you ever do is eat."You feel sad:"I skip my breakfast and supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do?"Basically you can do nothing. Your genes,not your life habits,determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.
Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that,"80 percent of the children of two obese parents become obese,as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight."
How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting?Well,dieting can be effective,but the health costs are tremendous.Jules Hirsch,a research physician at Rockefeller University,did a study of eight fat people.They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.After more than 10 weeks,the subjects lost 45kg on average.But after leaving the hospital,they all regained weight. The results were surprising:by metabolic measurement,fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving. They had psychiatric problems.They dreamed of food or breaking their diet.They were anxious and depressed;some were suicidal. They hid food in their rooms.Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn't result in normal weight,but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non-obese people.
Thin people,however,suffer from the opposite:They have to make a great effort to gain weight. Ethan Sims,of the University of Vermont,got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months,they ate as much as they could.They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent. But months after the study ended,they were back to normal weight and stayed there.
This did not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight. It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight.
The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true一each person has a comfortable weight range. The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60-69kg without too much effort.But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.

What determines your weight?
A:Your working manner.
B:Your eating habit.
C:Your life style.
D:Your genes.

共用题干
第三篇

The Best Way to Reduce Your Weight

You hear this:"No wonder you are fat. All you ever do is eat."You feel sad:"I skip my breakfast and supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do?"Basically you can do nothing. Your genes,not your life habits,determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.
Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that,"80 percent of the children of two obese parents become obese,as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight."
How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting?Well,dieting can be effective,but the health costs are tremendous.Jules Hirsch,a research physician at Rockefeller University,did a study of eight fat people.They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.After more than 10 weeks,the subjects lost 45kg on average.But after leaving the hospital,they all regained weight. The results were surprising:by metabolic measurement,fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving. They had psychiatric problems.They dreamed of food or breaking their diet.They were anxious and depressed;some were suicidal. They hid food in their rooms.Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn't result in normal weight,but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non-obese people.
Thin people,however,suffer from the opposite:They have to make a great effort to gain weight. Ethan Sims,of the University of Vermont,got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months,they ate as much as they could.They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent. But months after the study ended,they were back to normal weight and stayed there.
This did not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight. It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight.
The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true一each person has a comfortable weight range. The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60-69kg without too much effort.But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.

What happened to the eight fat people after they left the hospital?
A:They went mad.
B:They killed themselves.
C:They were back to normal weight.
D:They attempted suicide.

共用题干
第三篇

The Best Way to Reduce Your Weight

You hear this:"No wonder you are fat. All you ever do is eat."You feel sad:"I skip my breakfast and supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do?"Basically you can do nothing. Your genes,not your life habits,determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.
Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that,"80 percent of the children of two obese parents become obese,as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight."
How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting?Well,dieting can be effective,but the health costs are tremendous.Jules Hirsch,a research physician at Rockefeller University,did a study of eight fat people.They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.After more than 10 weeks,the subjects lost 45kg on average.But after leaving the hospital,they all regained weight. The results were surprising:by metabolic measurement,fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving. They had psychiatric problems.They dreamed of food or breaking their diet.They were anxious and depressed;some were suicidal. They hid food in their rooms.Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn't result in normal weight,but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non-obese people.
Thin people,however,suffer from the opposite:They have to make a great effort to gain weight. Ethan Sims,of the University of Vermont,got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months,they ate as much as they could.They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent. But months after the study ended,they were back to normal weight and stayed there.
This did not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight. It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight.
The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true一each person has a comfortable weight range. The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60-69kg without too much effort.But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.

What did scientists think was true?
A:Each person has a fixed weight range.
B:Each person has a weight range of 9 kg.
C:Each person wants to control his weight.
D:Each person wants to eat to his heart's content.