单选题According to this passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A Company workers started to dress down about twenty years ago.B Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early l990s.C “Dress-down Friday” was first given as a favor fr
题目
单选题
According to this passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A
Company workers started to dress down about twenty years ago.
B
Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early l990s.
C
“Dress-down Friday” was first given as a favor from employers.
D
Many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people.
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第1题：
Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day． "I was a clothes addict," he jokes． "I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled．" Today David wears casual clothes--khaki pants and a sports shirt to the office． He hardly ever wears a necktie． "I'm working harder than ever," David says, "and I need to feel comfortable．"
More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work． In the United States, the changes from formal to casual office wear have been slow． In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their workers to wear casual clothes on Friday (but only on Friday)． This became known as "dress-down Friday" or "casual Friday"． "What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for workers has really become an everyday thing．" said business adviser Maisly Jones．
Why have so many companies started allowing their workers to wear casual clothes' One reason is that it's easier for a company to attract new workers if it has a casual dress code． "A lot of young people don't want to dress up for work," says the owner of a software company, "so it's hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code．" Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes． In a study made by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that casual dress has a side effect on work． Supporters of casual office wear also say that a casual dress code helps them save money． "Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day," one person said． "For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes．"
According to this passage, which of the following is FALSE? ( )A. Many workers don't like a conservative dress code．
B. Comfortable clothes make workers more productive．
C. A casual clothes code is welcomed by young workers．
D. All the employers in the U．S． are for casual office wear．答案：D解析：文章中说穿便装很受年轻人的喜爱，并且显得年轻人很有活力：但是如果你要求员工必须穿正装的话，是很难雇佣到人的。文章中并没有提到美国所有的员工都穿便服。故选D． -
第2题：
Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day． "I was a clothes addict," he jokes． "I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled．" Today David wears casual clothes--khaki pants and a sports shirt to the office． He hardly ever wears a necktie． "I'm working harder than ever," David says, "and I need to feel comfortable．"
More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work． In the United States, the changes from formal to casual office wear have been slow． In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their workers to wear casual clothes on Friday (but only on Friday)． This became known as "dress-down Friday" or "casual Friday"． "What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for workers has really become an everyday thing．" said business adviser Maisly Jones．
Why have so many companies started allowing their workers to wear casual clothes' One reason is that it's easier for a company to attract new workers if it has a casual dress code． "A lot of young people don't want to dress up for work," says the owner of a software company, "so it's hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code．" Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes． In a study made by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that casual dress has a side effect on work． Supporters of casual office wear also say that a casual dress code helps them save money． "Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day," one person said． "For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes．"
In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned EXCEPT． ( )A. saving worker's money
B. making workers more attractive
C. improving worker's feeling
D. making workers happier答案：B解析：文章中提到，穿便装可以节省钱，可以使员工工作的时候更舒服．也可以使他们开心．并没有提到可以让他们变得更有吸引力。故答案选B。 -
第3题：
Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?___________A.Oceanic salinity has great effect on sea life
B.Many factors combine to cause changes in oceanic salinity
C.The movement of the water is related to the amount of salt
D.The temperature of the water has much to do with the oceanic salinity答案：D解析：按照出题顺序，此题考查的是海水盐度变化的第三个原因。根据第四段可知，海水冻冰后，杂质析出，因此冰下的海水比冰冻前的盐度高；冰融化后，海水盐度又会降低。所以答案为D．即海水温度与盐度有很大关系。 -
第4题：
Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day． "I was a clothes addict," he jokes． "I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled．" Today David wears casual clothes--khaki pants and a sports shirt to the office． He hardly ever wears a necktie． "I'm working harder than ever," David says, "and I need to feel comfortable．"
More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work． In the United States, the changes from formal to casual office wear have been slow． In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their workers to wear casual clothes on Friday (but only on Friday)． This became known as "dress-down Friday" or "casual Friday"． "What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for workers has really become an everyday thing．" said business adviser Maisly Jones．
Why have so many companies started allowing their workers to wear casual clothes' One reason is that it's easier for a company to attract new workers if it has a casual dress code． "A lot of young people don't want to dress up for work," says the owner of a software company, "so it's hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code．" Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes． In a study made by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that casual dress has a side effect on work． Supporters of casual office wear also say that a casual dress code helps them save money． "Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day," one person said． "For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes．"
David Smith wears casual clothes now, because ______A. they make him feel at ease when working
B. he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes
C. he looks handsome in casual clothes
D. he no longer works for any company答案：A解析：由文章第一段最后一句话“andI needtofeel eomfortable”可知．他需要在工作的时候感到舒服自在。故答案选A。 -
第5题：
单选题According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?AMarley Dias is a black girl.
BMarley Dias doesn't like reading.
CMarley Dias wants to become an editor in the future.
DMovies seldom represent black people in positive ways.
正确答案： B解析： -
第6题：
单选题According to the passage, which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years?AFood
BChocolate drinks
CPotato
DCoffee
正确答案： D解析： -
第7题：
单选题Which of the following statements is true according to what you hear?APrices for houses in big cities have started to rise since this year.
BPeople buy and sell houses to improve their living conditions.
CEconomists believe that residence prices would drop.
DEconomists warn people that price rise might slow down.
正确答案： D解析：
比较结构的理解和判断。录音中提到“despite warnings from some economists that prices cannot continue to rise as steeply as they have in the last few years”，可知经济学家们已向人们发出警告房价不可能继续像过去几年那样飙升了，换句话说，就是房价可能会下降。因此，选项D与录音原文意思相符。
【录音原文】
In several metropolitan areas, from Miami to Riverside, Calif., where the real estate market is white hot, rapidly rising prices are luring a growing number of ordinary people into buying and selling residences they do not intend to occupy, despite warnings from some economists that prices cannot continue to rise as steeply as they have in the last few years. -
第8题：
单选题According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true? _____AAs there exist weak parts in different departments of a firm, the training of its staff is highly necessary.
BA training specification is based on the information collected from a job description and a job specification.
CTraining in using skills and learning about skills usually do not happen at the same place
DIt is easier to evaluate management training than to evaluate the training of workers and technicians.
正确答案： B解析：
从第四段“The evaluation of management training is much more complex than that.”可知，评价经理培训要比评价员工及技工培训复杂得多。 -
第9题：
单选题According to this passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?ACompany workers started to dress down about twenty years ago.
BDress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 1990s.
C“Dress-down Friday” was first given as a favor from employers.
DMany workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people.
正确答案： B解析：
信息题。A选项“公司员工20年前就开始穿非正式的服装”和原文第二段“In the early 1990s”不符；B选项“自从1990年代早期，穿休闲服饰就已经成为日常的现象”，而原文意为1990年代早期，穿休闲服饰的风潮刚刚兴起，与此不符；C选项“穿休闲服装最初是作为对员工的一种优待而推行的”和原文“What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees . . .”意义相符，答案为C；D选项“很多员工喜欢穿休闲服饰是为了给他人留下深刻的印象”未在原文提及。 -
第10题：
单选题Which of the following is true about the Japanese economy, according to the passage?AIt will slide into deflation very soon.
BIt has been affected by economic recession for almost ten years.
CIt has maintained a sustained economic recovery for the past decade.
DIt will propose to attract more American businesses to invest in key industries.
正确答案： C解析：
事实细节的找寻和判断。题干中的关键词为Japan，从而可定位到录音最后的“Japan, in or close to recession for much of the past decade…”，可知，日本在过去的十年几乎都遭受了经济衰退。因此，选项B与录音中相关内容相符。
【录音原文】
Of course, concerns about deflation and slow growth are closely interlinked. If the American economy were to slide into deflation, with prices actually falling, hopes for a sustained economic recovery would be dashed. Once prices start to fall, consumers and businesses postpone all but the most essential purchases. What is the point of buying something now if it will be cheaper in a few months’ time? It is easy to see how quickly the economy could slide back towards recession. Japan, in or close to recession for much of the past decade, is now experiencing its fourth consecutive year of falling prices. -
第11题：
单选题According to the passage, which of the following statements about the cell phone service at Yellowstone is TRUE?AIt is limited to certain areas in the park.
BIt is available everywhere in the park.
CIt is not available in the park.
DIt is available to visitors at a fee.
正确答案： B解析： -
第12题：
单选题According to this passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?ACompany workers started to dress down about twenty years ago.
BDress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early l990s.
C“Dress-down Friday” was first given as a favor from employers.
DMany workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people.
正确答案： D解析：
信息题。A选项“公司员工20年前就开始穿非正式的服装”和原文第二段“In the early 1990s”不符；B选项“自从1990年代早期，穿休闲服饰就已经成为日常的现象”，而原文意为1990年代早期，穿休闲服饰的风潮刚刚兴起，与此不符；C选项“穿休闲服装最初是作为对员工的一种优待而推行的”和原文“What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees ...”意义相符，答案为C；D选项“很多员工喜欢穿休闲服饰是为了给他人留下深刻的印象”未在原文提及。 -
第13题：
Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day． "I was a clothes addict," he jokes． "I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled．" Today David wears casual clothes--khaki pants and a sports shirt to the office． He hardly ever wears a necktie． "I'm working harder than ever," David says, "and I need to feel comfortable．"
More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work． In the United States, the changes from formal to casual office wear have been slow． In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their workers to wear casual clothes on Friday (but only on Friday)． This became known as "dress-down Friday" or "casual Friday"． "What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for workers has really become an everyday thing．" said business adviser Maisly Jones．
Why have so many companies started allowing their workers to wear casual clothes' One reason is that it's easier for a company to attract new workers if it has a casual dress code． "A lot of young people don't want to dress up for work," says the owner of a software company, "so it's hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code．" Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes． In a study made by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that casual dress has a side effect on work． Supporters of casual office wear also say that a casual dress code helps them save money． "Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day," one person said． "For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes．"
David Smith refers to himself as be-ring been "a clothes addict" because_____．A. he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt
B. he couldn't stand a clean appearance
C. he wanted his clothes to look tidy and clean all the time
D. he didn't want to spend much money on clothes答案：解析：由文章第一段第二句话“I usedto carry afresh suit to work with me so I could chang if my clothes got winkled”可知，Smith经常带着一套干净的衣服，如果他穿着的衣服皱的话就可以按一下，可以推出，他喜欢自己的衣服一直看起来是干净和整齐的. -
第14题：
Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day． "I was a clothes addict," he jokes． "I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled．" Today David wears casual clothes--khaki pants and a sports shirt to the office． He hardly ever wears a necktie． "I'm working harder than ever," David says, "and I need to feel comfortable．"
More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work． In the United States, the changes from formal to casual office wear have been slow． In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their workers to wear casual clothes on Friday (but only on Friday)． This became known as "dress-down Friday" or "casual Friday"． "What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for workers has really become an everyday thing．" said business adviser Maisly Jones．
Why have so many companies started allowing their workers to wear casual clothes' One reason is that it's easier for a company to attract new workers if it has a casual dress code． "A lot of young people don't want to dress up for work," says the owner of a software company, "so it's hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code．" Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes． In a study made by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that casual dress has a side effect on work． Supporters of casual office wear also say that a casual dress code helps them save money． "Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day," one person said． "For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes．"
According to this passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. Company workers started to dress down about twenty years ago．
B. Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 1990s．
C. "Dress-down Friday" was first given as a favor from employers．
D. Many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people．答案：C解析：由文章第二段第三句话可知，周五穿便装最初是雇主允许的故选C． -
第15题：
根据下列内容，回答186-190题。
Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day."1 was a clothes ad-dict," he jokes,"I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes gotwrinkled." Today David wears casual clothes--khaki pants and a sports shirt--to the office. Hehardly ever wears a necktie."I'm working harder than ever," David says,"and I need to feelcomfortable."
More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work. Inthe United States, the changes from formal to casual office wear have been slow. In the early1990s, many companies allowed their workers to wear casual clothes on Friday (but only on Fri-day). This became known as "dress-down Friday" or "casual Friday". "What started out as an ex-tra one-day-a-week benefit for workers has really become an everyday thing." said business adviserMaisly Jones.
Why have so many companies started allowing their workers to wear casual clothes? One rea-son is that it' s easier for a company to attract new workers if it has a casual dress code. "A lot of youngpeople don't want to dress up for work," says the owner of a software company, "so it's hardto hire people if you have a conservative dress code." Another reason is that people seem happierand more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes. In a study made by Levi Straussand Company,85 percent of employers said that casual dress has a side effect on work. Supportersof casual office wear also say that a casual dress code helps them save money. "Suits are expensive,if you have to wear one every day," one person said,"For the same amount of money, you can buya lot more casual clothes."
David Smith refers to himself as having been "a clothes addict" because___________.A.he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt
B.he couldn't stand a clean appearance
C.he wanted his clothes to look tidy and clean all the time
D.he didn't want to spend much money on clothes答案：C解析：由文章第一段第二句话“I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if mv clothes got winkled”可知，Smith经常带着一套干净的衣服，如果他穿着的衣服皱的话就可以换一下。可以推出．他喜欢自己的衣服一直看起来是干净和整齐的。 -
第16题：
According to this passage, which of the following is TRUE?___________A.Company workers started to dress down about twenty years ago
B.Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 1990s
C."Dress-down Friday" was first given as a favor from employers
D.Many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people答案：C解析：由文章第二段第三句话可知，周五穿便装是作为一群员工的喜爱而首次出现的。故选C。 -
第17题：
单选题According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?ABuy Nothing Day has become popular in the United States.
BRestaurants have a tradition of donating food on holidays.
CGirl shops are expected to be closed on Buy Nothing Day.
DChildren like the idea of Buy Nothing Day best.
正确答案： D解析：
判断推理题。题目询问“根据文章，下列哪项说法是正确的？”从文章的第二段第四句“Now people all over the United States celebrate Buy Nothing Day”可知，现在美国人都在庆祝“不购物日”。正确答案为A。 -
第18题：
单选题According to the passage, which of the following statements about the Tuskegee Airmen is TRUE?AIn World WarⅡ, they never lost a bomber to enemy fire.
BThey were the first group of black soldiers ever trained by the ground troops.
CThey were not subjected to racial discrimination in the army.
DThey were already soldiers in the ground troops before their training at Tuskegee began.
正确答案： D解析：
细节理解题。根据文章的第三段第二句“They did not lose any of the bombers they were escorting”可知，在战争中，他们从来没有失去他们护航的任何一架轰炸机。而A项说的是他们没有遗失一架轰炸机给敌人火力。与A项说法一致，所以A是正确选项。根据文中第二段“The first African-American airmen reported for duty in l941.”可知，他们是第一批报到的空军，而B项的描述是他们是第一批受陆军训练的黑人士兵，原文并没有提到这一点，所以B项错误。根据文中第一段“separated you from other soldiers because of the color of your skin”以及后面的第三，四段可知，他们即使在军队里也被歧视，也受到了种族歧视的影响，C项描述完全相反。由文中第二段第二句“Before that, African Americans could only serve in the Armed Forces as part of the ground troops.”可知，第一批被训练的空军之前是作为地面部队的一部分为武装部队服役，服役指的是参加部队的劳动或是参军，所以不代表他们都是地面部队的士兵。故D项错误。 -
第19题：
单选题According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about the woman?AShe is married to a school teacher.
BHer eyes move around a lot at times.
CShe is ten years older than Jerome.
DShe has found what she is looking for.
正确答案： D解析：
文章第一段指出女主人公摸了他丈夫所有衣服的口袋但都是“Empty”，可见她并未找到正在寻找的东西。因此D项表述有误。A、C项内容在最后一段提及；第二段最后一句描述到女主人公在梳头或和别人讲话时，她的眼睛会“darted about at nothing in particular”，因此B项也正确。 -
第20题：
单选题Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?AThe workers in Finland are paid by the hour.
BThe bosses in Finland are too busy to check the working hours of their employees.
CThe workers are always honest with their working hours.
DThe workers and their bosses will make an agreement in advance about the pay.
正确答案： A解析：
根据文意可知，芬兰的老板不检查雇员的工作时间是出于对雇员的信任，而不是太忙顾不上。因此B项不正确。由倒数第二段首句“The Finnish workers are paid by the hour.”，可知A项正确。由最后一段中间部分“And workers always give an honest account of the exact hours they put in.”，可知C项“工人很诚实”正确。由倒数第二段第二句“They are … they have agreed with the boss on the rate.”可知个人和老板会事先就工资达成协议，所以D项也是正确的。因此本题答案为B。 -
第21题：
单选题According to the passage, all the following statements about Eastern Europe are true EXCEPT ______.Athey are eager to build new nuclear power plants
Bthey have totally forgotten the Chernobyl accident 25 years ago
Cthey have improved their nuclear power plants
Dthey want energy independence
正确答案： B解析： -
第22题：
单选题Which of the following statements is true according to the news?AIn Vietnam there are three people died of suspected bird flu.
BThe virus has spread across the entire Thailand.
CThe health workers in Thailand conducted stringent surveillance measures.
正确答案： C解析： 新闻结尾提到，泰国邻国防疫人员正加紧监测防范措施，所以C项正确。
【录音原文】
One man died of suspected bird flu in Vietnam over the weekend and three people were hospitalized as news reports showed the virus has spread across the entire country. In neighboring Thailand, health workers have been put on alert and ordered to conduct stringent surveillance measures but it is Vietnam that has emerged as the epicenter for the deadly H5N1 virus. -
第23题：
单选题According to the passage, which of the following is true of the last hundred years?AFossil fuels were burned for the first time.
BGreater amounts of land were cleared than at any time before.
CThe average temperature at the Earth’s surface has become 2℃ cooler.
DThe amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased measurably.
正确答案： D解析：
文中第二段第二句表明，过去100年间，矿物燃料的燃烧和森林的砍伐使大气中二氧化碳的含量增加了大约15%，而且我们不断地向大气中排放二氧化碳，由此可以推断，A、B两项表述均不准确；由于大气中的二氧化碳在不断增加，因此地表温度只会升高，而不是降低，C项错误；因此只有D项符合文章大意。 -
第24题：
单选题According to the passage, which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years?AFood.
BChocolate.
CPotato
DCoffee.
正确答案： A解析：
推理题。文章第一句“In the last 500 years, nothing about people not their clothes，ideas，or languages—has changed as much as what they eat”中，“what they eat”即指“food”。