单选题From 1997 to 1998 the number of students enrolled in advanced mathematics courses increased by the same percent that student enrollment in advanced mathematics courses dropped from 1996 to 1997. What was the approximate number of students enrolled in a

请阅读短文，完成第小题。
For many people, there is a very well-established stereotype that the first-class American universities are simply the best. However, I am not quite convinced of that. When I look back at my academic formation in the USA and compare it to the academic formation some of my friends had at Brazil, I don't feel like I am more prepared than my peers. Thus, I am currently facing adilem of whether to pursue my graduate studies in Brazil or in the USA.
The difference in our academic backgrounds, however, is the more liberal nature of American education. From my experience at Georgetown, and from what I know of American higher education, there are very few strict requirements imposed on students. Generally speaking, you are relatively free to take whichever classes you want, provided that they are under the scope of your major field of study.
Toil lustrate, I compared the master's degrees in economics from Duke and Fundao Get. Vargas(FGV), a Brazilian university. I chose to present a master's degree comparison here because the short two-year study period makes it simpler than comparing a four-year program. Duke's program works like this: you pick a field of study and then have a required number of courses that you have to take in certain areas. Most of the requirements are not course-specific, but area-specific. With some fields of study, you can skip certain areas altogether. If you choose to get a master's degree in applied economics, for instance, you don't have to take any mathematics courses. In FGV, all economics students need to take the same core structure: Microeconomics 1 through 4, Macroeconomics 1 through 3, Econometrics, Statistics 1 and 2, and Math for Economics 1 and 2. From then on, you can specialize in certain fields, and the elective structure seems to be the same as in Duke: you pick five electives from your main area of interest.
This seems to be the same kind of difference that I noticed comparing what I studied in Georgetown as an undergraduate to what some of my friends studied in their undergraduate careers in Brazil. Now, is this more liberal education good or bad? There are factors pulling it each way, and the ideal solution, in my view, is a reasonable middle ground. What I see happening in American universities, however, is a little too much liberalization. Too much liberty tends to encourage students to take the more "interesting" courses, and ignore those that are considered most "boring". The problem is that many of these "boring" courses are usually foundational courses, which give students the analytical tools they need in order to be truly competent in their fields of study.
In the end, I feel like American universities sometimes delegate too much responsibility to students in terms of choosing their academic careers. For me, this is troubling. Students in their twenties usually have very little experience in the field they are studying, and many times they don't really know the tools they need to succeed in their area of interest. It is certainly the case in my situation. Fortunately, I research and discuss a lot before picking my classes, and was able to take advantage of my liberal American education to build both a strong foundation and take classes that interest me. But is this always the case? From my experience, I think not. What I see happening at Georgetown is that many students just pick the classes they find most interesting, without any real consideration of how it is going to support their overall academic formation. This result is a deficit in fundamentals.

Which of the following is true about the writer's experience?
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A．He has benefited from the American education.
B．He has been harmed by the American education.
C．He has not laid a solid foundation for his academic career.
D．He has selected courses that do not support his overall academic formation.

The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses.

A: relative
B: general
C: continuous
D: sharp

The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses。

A:relative
B:general
C:continuous
D:sharp

Student participation（参与）in the classroom is not only accepted but also expected of the student in many courses.Some professors base part of the final grade on the student′s oral participation.Although there are formal lectures during which the student has a passive role（i.e.,listening and taking notes）,many courses are organized around classroom discussions,student questions,and informal lectures.In graduate discussions the professor has a"manager"role and the students make presentations and lead discussions.,The students do the actual teaching in these discussions.
A professor′s teaching method is another factor（因素）that determines the degree and type of student participation.Some professors prefer to control discussion while others prefer to guide the class without controlling it.Many professors encourage students to question their ideas.Students who object to the professor′s point of view should be prepared to prove their positions.
In the teaching of science and mathematics,the controlling mode of instruction is generally traditional,with teachers presenting formal lectures and student staking notes.However,new educational trends have turned up in the humanities and social sciences in the past twenty years.Students in education,society,and history classes,for example,are often required to solve problems in groups,design projects,make presentations,and examine case studies.Since some college or university courses are"practical"rather than theoretical,they pay more attention to"doing"for themselves.

"Participation in the classroom is not only accepted but also expected of the student"in many courses except in__________.

A.science and mathematics
B.the humanities and social sciences
C.informal lecture courses
D.discussion courses

Student participation（参与）in the classroom is not only accepted but also expected of the student in many courses.Some professors base part of the final grade on the student′s oral participation.Although there are formal lectures during which the student has a passive role（i.e.,listening and taking notes）,many courses are organized around classroom discussions,student questions,and informal lectures.In graduate discussions the professor has a"manager"role and the students make presentations and lead discussions.,The students do the actual teaching in these discussions.
A professor′s teaching method is another factor（因素）that determines the degree and type of student participation.Some professors prefer to control discussion while others prefer to guide the class without controlling it.Many professors encourage students to question their ideas.Students who object to the professor′s point of view should be prepared to prove their positions.
In the teaching of science and mathematics,the controlling mode of instruction is generally traditional,with teachers presenting formal lectures and student staking notes.However,new educational trends have turned up in the humanities and social sciences in the past twenty years.Students in education,society,and history classes,for example,are often required to solve problems in groups,design projects,make presentations,and examine case studies.Since some college or university courses are"practical"rather than theoretical,they pay more attention to"doing"for themselves.

The reason why some professors ask students to make presentations and lead discussions is that__________

A.these professors are often not well prepared before class
B.these professors want to stress"doing"
C.these professors want to test the students'abilities
D.these professors are not willing to teach theory

请阅读短文，完成第小题。
For many people, there is a very well-established stereotype that the first-class American universities are simply the best. However, I am not quite convinced of that. When I look back at my academic formation in the USA and compare it to the academic formation some of my friends had at Brazil, I don't feel like I am more prepared than my peers. Thus, I am currently facing adilem of whether to pursue my graduate studies in Brazil or in the USA.
The difference in our academic backgrounds, however, is the more liberal nature of American education. From my experience at Georgetown, and from what I know of American higher education, there are very few strict requirements imposed on students. Generally speaking, you are relatively free to take whichever classes you want, provided that they are under the scope of your major field of study.
Toil lustrate, I compared the master's degrees in economics from Duke and Fundao Get. Vargas(FGV), a Brazilian university. I chose to present a master's degree comparison here because the short two-year study period makes it simpler than comparing a four-year program. Duke's program works like this: you pick a field of study and then have a required number of courses that you have to take in certain areas. Most of the requirements are not course-specific, but area-specific. With some fields of study, you can skip certain areas altogether. If you choose to get a master's degree in applied economics, for instance, you don't have to take any mathematics courses. In FGV, all economics students need to take the same core structure: Microeconomics 1 through 4, Macroeconomics 1 through 3, Econometrics, Statistics 1 and 2, and Math for Economics 1 and 2. From then on, you can specialize in certain fields, and the elective structure seems to be the same as in Duke: you pick five electives from your main area of interest.
This seems to be the same kind of difference that I noticed comparing what I studied in Georgetown as an undergraduate to what some of my friends studied in their undergraduate careers in Brazil. Now, is this more liberal education good or bad? There are factors pulling it each way, and the ideal solution, in my view, is a reasonable middle ground. What I see happening in American universities, however, is a little too much liberalization. Too much liberty tends to encourage students to take the more "interesting" courses, and ignore those that are considered most "boring". The problem is that many of these "boring" courses are usually foundational courses, which give students the analytical tools they need in order to be truly competent in their fields of study.
In the end, I feel like American universities sometimes delegate too much responsibility to students in terms of choosing their academic careers. For me, this is troubling. Students in their twenties usually have very little experience in the field they are studying, and many times they don't really know the tools they need to succeed in their area of interest. It is certainly the case in my situation. Fortunately, I research and discuss a lot before picking my classes, and was able to take advantage of my liberal American education to build both a strong foundation and take classes that interest me. But is this always the case? From my experience, I think not. What I see happening at Georgetown is that many students just pick the classes they find most interesting, without any real consideration of how it is going to support their overall academic formation. This result is a deficit in fundamentals.

Which of following words is closest in meaning to "deficit" in the last PARAGRAPH?__________
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A．Deficiency.
B．Sufficiency.
C．Requirement.
D．Decline.

Since 1999, the number of foreign students at German universities（ ） from 113,000 to almost 200,000.

A. has increased
B. have increased
C. are increased
D. was increased

The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses.

A:relative
B:general
C:continuous
D:sharp

Student participation（参与）in the classroom is not only accepted but also expected of the student in many courses.Some professors base part of the final grade on the student′s oral participation.Although there are formal lectures during which the student has a passive role（i.e.,listening and taking notes）,many courses are organized around classroom discussions,student questions,and informal lectures.In graduate discussions the professor has a"manager"role and the students make presentations and lead discussions.,The students do the actual teaching in these discussions.
A professor′s teaching method is another factor（因素）that determines the degree and type of student participation.Some professors prefer to control discussion while others prefer to guide the class without controlling it.Many professors encourage students to question their ideas.Students who object to the professor′s point of view should be prepared to prove their positions.
In the teaching of science and mathematics,the controlling mode of instruction is generally traditional,with teachers presenting formal lectures and student staking notes.However,new educational trends have turned up in the humanities and social sciences in the past twenty years.Students in education,society,and history classes,for example,are often required to solve problems in groups,design projects,make presentations,and examine case studies.Since some college or university courses are"practical"rather than theoretical,they pay more attention to"doing"for themselves.

Which of the following sentences is true according to the passage?

A.Student participation is not common in the classroom in many courses like society.
B.Some professors want to control the classroom discussion.
C.Some professors usually want the students to take part in the teaching of science and mathematics.
D.New educational trends have turned up in teaching of natural sciences such as chemistry.

Student participation（参与）in the classroom is not only accepted but also expected of the student in many courses.Some professors base part of the final grade on the student′s oral participation.Although there are formal lectures during which the student has a passive role（i.e.,listening and taking notes）,many courses are organized around classroom discussions,student questions,and informal lectures.In graduate discussions the professor has a"manager"role and the students make presentations and lead discussions.,The students do the actual teaching in these discussions.
A professor′s teaching method is another factor（因素）that determines the degree and type of student participation.Some professors prefer to control discussion while others prefer to guide the class without controlling it.Many professors encourage students to question their ideas.Students who object to the professor′s point of view should be prepared to prove their positions.
In the teaching of science and mathematics,the controlling mode of instruction is generally traditional,with teachers presenting formal lectures and student staking notes.However,new educational trends have turned up in the humanities and social sciences in the past twenty years.Students in education,society,and history classes,for example,are often required to solve problems in groups,design projects,make presentations,and examine case studies.Since some college or university courses are"practical"rather than theoretical,they pay more attention to"doing"for themselves.

From the passage we know that education in the humanities and society

A.has not changed much__________
B.pay attention to students'studying instead of teachers'teaching
C.is much more important than that of science and mathematics
D.has become more practical than theoretical