DNA指纹技术（DNA fingerprinting）主要依据是（）。A、VNTRB、线粒体C、ESTD、SNPE、结构基因

题目

DNA指纹技术（DNA fingerprinting）主要依据是（）。

  • A、VNTR
  • B、线粒体
  • C、EST
  • D、SNP
  • E、结构基因
相似考题

1.因DNA上的与指纹一样的纹线,故称为DNA指纹。( )此题为判断题(对，错)。

2.简述DNA纹印与DNA指纹的比较。

3.患者男，12岁，在健康体检中发现其血型为A型，而其父母血型分别为B型和O型，因此怀疑其不是父母亲生。为证明该男孩是否为父母亲生，可做的实验室检测为A、STR分型B、DNA指纹分析C、线粒体DNA分析D、STR分型+ DNA指纹分析+线粒体DNA分析E、STR分型+ DNA指纹分析亲子鉴定的最主要依据是A、妊娠期限B、生殖能力C、营养状态D、遗传性状E、生活环境

4.第一代DNA分析技术——DNA指纹图（限制性片段长度多态性分析，RFLP）的原理是什么？

更多“DNA指纹技术（DNA fingerprinting）主要依据是”相关问题

  • 第1题：

    简述DNA指纹技术的局限性。


    本题答案：1.检测灵敏度低
    2.对基因组DNA的要求高，陈旧腐败的检测DNA难以检测
    3.DNA纹印检测操作繁琐费时，周期较长，试验环节要求严格，技术不易掌握
    4.多基因座探针种属特异性差，易导致误判
    5.DNA指纹没有基因座的特异性，不能解决混合检材的鉴定问题
    6.DNA指纹图谱的高突变率会影响亲子鉴定的结果
    7.DNA指纹图谱的统计学方法至今仍存在争议
    8.DNA指纹分析结果的表示目前无法达到标准化

  • 第2题：

    下列不属于法医DNA技术的分类是()

    A、线粒体DNA测序

    B、RT-RCR技术

    C、PCR扩增片段长度多态性分析技术

    D、DNA指纹技术


    参考答案：B

  • 第3题：

    法医DNA技术中的三大基本技术指()①DNA 指纹技术②荧光显微技术③PCR 扩增片段长度多态性分析技术④线粒体DNA 测序

    A、①②③

    B、②③④

    C、①②④

    D、①③④


    参考答案：D

  • 第4题：

    共用题干
    第二篇

    DNA Fingerprinting

    DNA is the genetic material found within the cell nuclei of all living things. In mammals（哺乳动物）
    the strands of DNA are grouped into structures called chromosomes（染色体）.With the exception of identical
    twins,the complete DNA of each individual is unique.
    DNA fingerprinting is sometimes called DNA typing. It is a method of identification that compares bits
    of DNA.A DAN fingerprint is constructed by first drawing out a DNA sample from body tissue or fluid such
    as hair , blood，or saliva（唾液）.The sample is then segmented using enzymes（酶）,and the segments are
    arranged by size.The segments are marked with probes and exposed on X-ray film,where they form a pat-
    tern of black bars一the DNA fingerprint.If the DNA fingerprints produced from two different samples match,
    the two samples probably came from the same person.
    DNA fingerprinting was first developed as an identification technique in 1985.Originally used to detect
    the presence of genetic diseases,it soon came to be used in criminal investigations and legal affairs.The first
    criminal conviction based on DNA evidence in the United States occurred in 1988.In criminal investiga-
    tions,DNA fingerprints derived from evidence collected at the crime scene are compared to the DNA finger-
    prints of suspects.Generally,courts have accepted the reliability of DNA testing and admitted DNA test re-
    sults into evidence.However,DNA fingerprinting is controversial in a number of areas:the accuracy of the
    results,the cost of testing,and the possible misuse of the technique.
    The accuracy of DNA fingerprinting has been challenged for several reasons. First,because DNA segments
    rather than complete DNA strands are"fingerprinted";a DNA fingerprint may not be unique;large-scale
    research to confirm the uniqueness of DNA fingerprinting.test results has not been conducted.In addition,
    DNA fingerprinting is often done in private laboratories that may not follow uniform testing standards and
    quality controls.Also,since human beings must interpret the test,human error could lead to false results.
    DNA fingerprinting is expensive.Suspects who are unable to provide their own DNA to experts may not
    be able to successfully defend themselves against charges based on DNA evidence.
    Widespread use of DNA testing for identification purposes may lead to the establishment of a DNA
    fingerprint database.

    If two sisters are identical twins,their complete DNAs arev________.
    A:the same
    B:unique
    C:different
    D:similar

    答案：A
    解析：
    本题是事实细节判断题。文章第一段最后一句话“With the exception of identical twins, the complete DNA of each individual is unique."，意思是：除生物姊妹体外（如完全相同的双胞 胎），每一个人的整条DNA是独一无二的。说明双胞胎的DNA是相同的。故选A。
    文章第二段对DNA指纹识别进行了解释，可知DNA指纹识别法有时也称DNA印记 法。它是一种通过对比DNA片段来进行辨认识别的方法。故选D。
    由文章第三段前两句话可知DNA技术最初是被用来检测基因疾病的，故选D。
    文章倒数第三段讲述了人们质疑DNA指纹识别的三个原因：DNA指纹识别针对的是 DNA片段而不是整个DNA系统; DNA指纹识别是在私人实验室进行的很可能没有遵循相同 的鉴定标准；鉴定结果是人为分析的，人为失误可能会导致鉴定出错。四个选项中A项符合第 三条质疑，故选A。
    本题是推理判断题。第五段意思是：DNA指纹颇有价值。如果犯罪嫌疑人不能将自己 的DNA提供给专家，他/她就很可能没有确凿的证据证明自己无罪。由此可以推断出，DNA 指纹对警察破案来说，尤为显得珍贵。故选A。

  • 第5题：

    共用题干
    第二篇

    DNA Fingerprinting

    DNA is the genetic material found within the cell nuclei of all living things. In mammals（哺乳动物）
    the strands of DNA are grouped into structures called chromosomes（染色体）.With the exception of identical
    twins,the complete DNA of each individual is unique.
    DNA fingerprinting is sometimes called DNA typing. It is a method of identification that compares bits
    of DNA.A DAN fingerprint is constructed by first drawing out a DNA sample from body tissue or fluid such
    as hair , blood，or saliva（唾液）.The sample is then segmented using enzymes（酶）,and the segments are
    arranged by size.The segments are marked with probes and exposed on X-ray film,where they form a pat-
    tern of black bars一the DNA fingerprint.If the DNA fingerprints produced from two different samples match,
    the two samples probably came from the same person.
    DNA fingerprinting was first developed as an identification technique in 1985.Originally used to detect
    the presence of genetic diseases,it soon came to be used in criminal investigations and legal affairs.The first
    criminal conviction based on DNA evidence in the United States occurred in 1988.In criminal investiga-
    tions,DNA fingerprints derived from evidence collected at the crime scene are compared to the DNA finger-
    prints of suspects.Generally,courts have accepted the reliability of DNA testing and admitted DNA test re-
    sults into evidence.However,DNA fingerprinting is controversial in a number of areas:the accuracy of the
    results,the cost of testing,and the possible misuse of the technique.
    The accuracy of DNA fingerprinting has been challenged for several reasons. First,because DNA segments
    rather than complete DNA strands are"fingerprinted";a DNA fingerprint may not be unique;large-scale
    research to confirm the uniqueness of DNA fingerprinting.test results has not been conducted.In addition,
    DNA fingerprinting is often done in private laboratories that may not follow uniform testing standards and
    quality controls.Also,since human beings must interpret the test,human error could lead to false results.
    DNA fingerprinting is expensive.Suspects who are unable to provide their own DNA to experts may not
    be able to successfully defend themselves against charges based on DNA evidence.
    Widespread use of DNA testing for identification purposes may lead to the establishment of a DNA
    fingerprint database.

    DNA fingerprinting is a technique of________.
    A:grouping DNA strands into structures
    B:segmenting DNA with probes
    C:constructing body tissues by enzymes
    D:identifying a person by comparing DNAs

    答案：D
    解析：
    本题是事实细节判断题。文章第一段最后一句话“With the exception of identical twins, the complete DNA of each individual is unique."，意思是：除生物姊妹体外（如完全相同的双胞 胎），每一个人的整条DNA是独一无二的。说明双胞胎的DNA是相同的。故选A。
    文章第二段对DNA指纹识别进行了解释，可知DNA指纹识别法有时也称DNA印记 法。它是一种通过对比DNA片段来进行辨认识别的方法。故选D。
    由文章第三段前两句话可知DNA技术最初是被用来检测基因疾病的，故选D。
    文章倒数第三段讲述了人们质疑DNA指纹识别的三个原因：DNA指纹识别针对的是 DNA片段而不是整个DNA系统; DNA指纹识别是在私人实验室进行的很可能没有遵循相同 的鉴定标准；鉴定结果是人为分析的，人为失误可能会导致鉴定出错。四个选项中A项符合第 三条质疑，故选A。
    本题是推理判断题。第五段意思是：DNA指纹颇有价值。如果犯罪嫌疑人不能将自己 的DNA提供给专家，他/她就很可能没有确凿的证据证明自己无罪。由此可以推断出，DNA 指纹对警察破案来说，尤为显得珍贵。故选A。

  • 第6题：

    DNA指纹是指具有完全个体特异性的DNA多态性。


    正确答案:正确

  • 第7题：

    简述第一代DNA分析技术--DNA指纹图的基本步骤。


    正确答案: DNA提取及DNA浓度测定；
    限制性内切酶的消化，将DNA分子切成小片段；
    凝胶电泳分离DNA片段；
    萨森转移；
    杂交及自显影；
    读DNA图谱（结果分析）；
    确定DNA图谱的统计学概率。

  • 第8题：

    DNA指纹


    正确答案: 由于人类基因组DNA的序列多态性具有高度的个体特异性，就象指纹一样人各不同，并且具有稳定性和遗传性，故称为DNA指纹。

  • 第9题：

    DNA指纹技术是法医物证学上进行个人认定的主要方法，人的DNA“指纹”是指DNA的（）。

    • A、双螺旋结构
    • B、磷酸和脱氧核糖的排列顺序
    • C、碱基配对原则
    • D、脱氧核苷酸的排列顺序

    正确答案:D

  • 第10题：

    问答题
    什么是DNA指纹？

    正确答案： 由于同种生物群体个体间DNA核苷酸顺序变化的普遍性，所以不同个体DNA样本用限制酶切割后片段的数目和长度普遍地互不相同，经过电泳或与特定探针杂交都会产生具有高度个体特异性的图带，这种图带可以作为识别个体的标记，因此称为DNA指纹或遗传指纹。
    解析： 暂无解析

  • 第11题：

    单选题
    DNA指纹技术是法医物证学上进行个人认定的主要方法，人的DNA“指纹”是指DNA的（）。
    A

    双螺旋结构

    B

    磷酸和脱氧核糖的排列顺序

    C

    碱基配对原则

    D

    脱氧核苷酸的排列顺序


    正确答案： C
    解析： A、B、C三项为不同DNA共有的特点，不存在个体的特异性，A、B、C错误；DNA“指纹”是指DNA的脱氧核苷酸的排列顺序，不同的DNA脱氧核苷酸的排列顺序不同，储存的遗传信息不同，具有特异性，为法医物证学提供了可靠的依据，D正确。

  • 第12题：

    问答题
    简述DNA指纹技术的局限性。

    正确答案： 1.检测灵敏度低
    2.对基因组DNA的要求高，陈旧腐败的检测DNA难以检测
    3.DNA纹印检测操作繁琐费时，周期较长，试验环节要求严格，技术不易掌握
    4.多基因座探针种属特异性差，易导致误判
    5.DNA指纹没有基因座的特异性，不能解决混合检材的鉴定问题
    6.DNA指纹图谱的高突变率会影响亲子鉴定的结果
    7.DNA指纹图谱的统计学方法至今仍存在争议
    8.DNA指纹分析结果的表示目前无法达到标准化
    解析： 暂无解析

  • 第13题：

    法医DNA三大基本技术包括:DNA指纹技术,PCR扩增片段长度多态性分析技术,线粒体DNA测序。()

    此题为判断题(对，错)。


    参考答案：对

  • 第14题：

    下列与法医DNA技术相关的是()

    A、DNA指纹

    B、线粒体DNA分析

    C、DNA的提取保存于检验

    D、以上都是


    参考答案：D

  • 第15题：

    共用题干
    第二篇

    DNA Fingerprinting

    DNA is the genetic material found within the cell nuclei of all living things. In mammals（哺乳动物）
    the strands of DNA are grouped into structures called chromosomes（染色体）.With the exception of identical
    twins,the complete DNA of each individual is unique.
    DNA fingerprinting is sometimes called DNA typing. It is a method of identification that compares bits
    of DNA.A DAN fingerprint is constructed by first drawing out a DNA sample from body tissue or fluid such
    as hair , blood，or saliva（唾液）.The sample is then segmented using enzymes（酶）,and the segments are
    arranged by size.The segments are marked with probes and exposed on X-ray film,where they form a pat-
    tern of black bars一the DNA fingerprint.If the DNA fingerprints produced from two different samples match,
    the two samples probably came from the same person.
    DNA fingerprinting was first developed as an identification technique in 1985.Originally used to detect
    the presence of genetic diseases,it soon came to be used in criminal investigations and legal affairs.The first
    criminal conviction based on DNA evidence in the United States occurred in 1988.In criminal investiga-
    tions,DNA fingerprints derived from evidence collected at the crime scene are compared to the DNA finger-
    prints of suspects.Generally,courts have accepted the reliability of DNA testing and admitted DNA test re-
    sults into evidence.However,DNA fingerprinting is controversial in a number of areas:the accuracy of the
    results,the cost of testing,and the possible misuse of the technique.
    The accuracy of DNA fingerprinting has been challenged for several reasons. First,because DNA segments
    rather than complete DNA strands are"fingerprinted";a DNA fingerprint may not be unique;large-scale
    research to confirm the uniqueness of DNA fingerprinting.test results has not been conducted.In addition,
    DNA fingerprinting is often done in private laboratories that may not follow uniform testing standards and
    quality controls.Also,since human beings must interpret the test,human error could lead to false results.
    DNA fingerprinting is expensive.Suspects who are unable to provide their own DNA to experts may not
    be able to successfully defend themselves against charges based on DNA evidence.
    Widespread use of DNA testing for identification purposes may lead to the establishment of a DNA
    fingerprint database.

    People question the reliability of DNA fingerprinting for________.
    A:the subjective interpretation of test results
    B:its complex procedure
    C:its large scale research
    D:its uniform testing standards

    答案：A
    解析：
    本题是事实细节判断题。文章第一段最后一句话“With the exception of identical twins, the complete DNA of each individual is unique."，意思是：除生物姊妹体外（如完全相同的双胞 胎），每一个人的整条DNA是独一无二的。说明双胞胎的DNA是相同的。故选A。
    文章第二段对DNA指纹识别进行了解释，可知DNA指纹识别法有时也称DNA印记 法。它是一种通过对比DNA片段来进行辨认识别的方法。故选D。
    由文章第三段前两句话可知DNA技术最初是被用来检测基因疾病的，故选D。
    文章倒数第三段讲述了人们质疑DNA指纹识别的三个原因：DNA指纹识别针对的是 DNA片段而不是整个DNA系统; DNA指纹识别是在私人实验室进行的很可能没有遵循相同 的鉴定标准；鉴定结果是人为分析的，人为失误可能会导致鉴定出错。四个选项中A项符合第 三条质疑，故选A。
    本题是推理判断题。第五段意思是：DNA指纹颇有价值。如果犯罪嫌疑人不能将自己 的DNA提供给专家，他/她就很可能没有确凿的证据证明自己无罪。由此可以推断出，DNA 指纹对警察破案来说，尤为显得珍贵。故选A。

  • 第16题：

    共用题干
    第二篇

    DNA Fingerprinting

    DNA is the genetic material found within the cell nuclei of all living things. In mammals（哺乳动物）
    the strands of DNA are grouped into structures called chromosomes（染色体）.With the exception of identical
    twins,the complete DNA of each individual is unique.
    DNA fingerprinting is sometimes called DNA typing. It is a method of identification that compares bits
    of DNA.A DAN fingerprint is constructed by first drawing out a DNA sample from body tissue or fluid such
    as hair , blood，or saliva（唾液）.The sample is then segmented using enzymes（酶）,and the segments are
    arranged by size.The segments are marked with probes and exposed on X-ray film,where they form a pat-
    tern of black bars一the DNA fingerprint.If the DNA fingerprints produced from two different samples match,
    the two samples probably came from the same person.
    DNA fingerprinting was first developed as an identification technique in 1985.Originally used to detect
    the presence of genetic diseases,it soon came to be used in criminal investigations and legal affairs.The first
    criminal conviction based on DNA evidence in the United States occurred in 1988.In criminal investiga-
    tions,DNA fingerprints derived from evidence collected at the crime scene are compared to the DNA finger-
    prints of suspects.Generally,courts have accepted the reliability of DNA testing and admitted DNA test re-
    sults into evidence.However,DNA fingerprinting is controversial in a number of areas:the accuracy of the
    results,the cost of testing,and the possible misuse of the technique.
    The accuracy of DNA fingerprinting has been challenged for several reasons. First,because DNA segments
    rather than complete DNA strands are"fingerprinted";a DNA fingerprint may not be unique;large-scale
    research to confirm the uniqueness of DNA fingerprinting.test results has not been conducted.In addition,
    DNA fingerprinting is often done in private laboratories that may not follow uniform testing standards and
    quality controls.Also,since human beings must interpret the test,human error could lead to false results.
    DNA fingerprinting is expensive.Suspects who are unable to provide their own DNA to experts may not
    be able to successfully defend themselves against charges based on DNA evidence.
    Widespread use of DNA testing for identification purposes may lead to the establishment of a DNA
    fingerprint database.

    DNA fingerprinting was first used in________.
    A:criminal investigation
    B:animal reproduction
    C:private laboratories
    D:genetic disease detection

    答案：D
    解析：
    本题是事实细节判断题。文章第一段最后一句话“With the exception of identical twins, the complete DNA of each individual is unique."，意思是：除生物姊妹体外（如完全相同的双胞 胎），每一个人的整条DNA是独一无二的。说明双胞胎的DNA是相同的。故选A。
    文章第二段对DNA指纹识别进行了解释，可知DNA指纹识别法有时也称DNA印记 法。它是一种通过对比DNA片段来进行辨认识别的方法。故选D。
    由文章第三段前两句话可知DNA技术最初是被用来检测基因疾病的，故选D。
    文章倒数第三段讲述了人们质疑DNA指纹识别的三个原因：DNA指纹识别针对的是 DNA片段而不是整个DNA系统; DNA指纹识别是在私人实验室进行的很可能没有遵循相同 的鉴定标准；鉴定结果是人为分析的，人为失误可能会导致鉴定出错。四个选项中A项符合第 三条质疑，故选A。
    本题是推理判断题。第五段意思是：DNA指纹颇有价值。如果犯罪嫌疑人不能将自己 的DNA提供给专家，他/她就很可能没有确凿的证据证明自己无罪。由此可以推断出，DNA 指纹对警察破案来说，尤为显得珍贵。故选A。

  • 第17题：

    DNA指纹图谱技术是酵母分类和检测酵母是否发生变异的有效工具。


    正确答案:正确

  • 第18题：

    DNA 指纹图谱


    正确答案: 指不同基因组间的不同多形态限制性片段模式。

  • 第19题：

    检测DNA指纹的萨森印迹杂交技术主要程序有哪些？


    正确答案: 萨森印迹杂交技术主要程序有：
    （1）DNA提取；
    （2）DNA的限制性酶切；
    （3）电泳分离DNA片断；
    （4）萨森印迹转移；
    （5）分子杂交；
    （6）自显影。

  • 第20题：

    因DNA上的与指纹一样的纹线，故称为DNA指纹。


    正确答案:错误

  • 第21题：

    判断题
    因DNA上的与指纹一样的纹线，故称为DNA指纹。
    A

    对

    B

    错


    正确答案： 对
    解析： 暂无解析

  • 第22题：

    单选题
    DNA指纹技术（DNA fingerprinting）主要依据是（）。
    A

    VNTR

    B

    线粒体

    C

    EST

    D

    SNP

    E

    结构基因


    正确答案： E
    解析： 暂无解析

  • 第23题：

    问答题
    简述第一代DNA分析技术--DNA指纹图的基本步骤。

    正确答案： DNA提取及DNA浓度测定；
    限制性内切酶的消化，将DNA分子切成小片段；
    凝胶电泳分离DNA片段；
    萨森转移；
    杂交及自显影；
    读DNA图谱（结果分析）；
    确定DNA图谱的统计学概率。
    解析： 暂无解析

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