Ravi, like many project (1) , had studied the waterfall model of software development as the primary software life-cycle (2) . He has all set to use it for an upcoming project, his first assignment. However, Ravi found that the waterfall model could not b
题目
Ravi, like many project (1) , had studied the waterfall model of software development as the primary software life-cycle (2) . He has all set to use it for an upcoming project, his first assignment. However, Ravi found that the waterfall model could not be used because the customer wanted the software delivered in stages, something that implied that the system had to be delivered and built in (3) and not as (4) . The situation in many other projects is not very different. The real world rarely presents a problem in which a standard process, or the process used in a previous project, is the best choice. To be the most situation, an existing process must be (5) to the new problem. A development process, even after tailoring, generally cannot handle change requests. To accommodate change requests without losing control of the project, you must supplement the development process with a requirement change management process. 空白（1）处应选择（）
- A、customers
- B、managers
- C、users
- D、administrators
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更多“Ravi, like many project (1) , had studied the waterfall model of software development as the primary software life-cycle (2) . He has all set to use it for an upcoming project, his first assignment. However, Ravi found that the waterfall model could not b”相关问题
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第1题：
●Ravi, like many project (71) ,had studied the waterfall model of software development as the primary software life-cycle (72) ．He was all set to use it for an upcoming project, his first assignment． However, Ravi found that the waterfall model could not be used because the customer wanted the software delivered in stages, something that implied that the system had to be delivered and built in (73) and not as (74) ．
The situation in many other projects is not very different． The real world rarely presents a problem in which a standard process, or the process used in a previous project, is the best choice．To be the most suitable, an existing process must be (75) to the new problem．A
development process, even after tailoring, generally cannot handle change requests． To accommodate change requests without losing control of the project, you must supplement the development process with a requirement change management process．
(71) A．customers B．managers C．users D．administrators
(72) A．activity B．procedure C．process D．progress
(73) A．parts B．modules C．software D．a whole
(74) A．parts B．modules C．software D．a whole
(75) A．modified B．used C．suited D．tailored
正确答案：B,C,A,D,D
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第2题：
The spiral model is a software development model combining elements of both(73)and prototyping-in-stages, so it's a healthy mix of top-down and bottom-up concepts。
A．design
B．progam
C．coding
D．plan
正确答案：A
解析：螺旋模型是结合了设计和阶段原型开发原理的一种软件开发模型，因此是一种自上而下和自下而上概念的良好结合。 -
第3题：
The project life-cycle can be described as（）.A.project concept, project planning, project execution, and project close-out
B.project planning, work authorization, and project reporting
C.project planning, project control, project definition, WBS development, and project termination
D.project concept, project execution, and project reporting答案：A解析：关于项目周期划分正确的是（72）。
A. 启动、计划、执行、收尾
B. 计划、授权、报告
C. 计划、控制、方案设计、WBS的发展、终止
D. 启动、执行、报告 -
第4题：
The spiral model is a software development model combining elements of both ( ) and prototyping-in-stages, so it's a healthy mix of top-down and bottom-up concepts。A.design
B.progam
C.coding
D.plan答案：A解析：螺旋模型是结合了设计和阶段原型开发原理的一种软件开发模型，因此是一种自上而下和自下而上概念的良好结合。 -
第5题：
Extreme Programming (XP) is a discipline of software development with( )of simplicity, communication, feedback and courage. Successful software development is a team effort - not just the development team, but the larger team consisting of customer, management and developers. XP is a simple process that brings these people together and helps them to succeed together. XP is aimed primarily at object-oriented projects using teams of a dozen or fewer programmers in one location. The principles of XP apply to any(请作答此空)project that needs to deliver quality software rapidly and flexibly.2011-An XP project needs a( )customer to provide guidance. Customers, programmers, managers, are all working ( )to build the system that's needed．Customers - those who have software that needs to be developed - will learn simple, effective ways to( )what they need, to be sure that they are getting what they need, and to steer the project to success.
AA.small-sized]
B.moderately-sized]
C.large-sized]
D.huge-sized]答案：B解析：题目中描述敏捷开发方法极限编程(XP)。XP强调简单、沟通、反馈和勇气4个核心价值(values)，适合于需要快速和灵活交付的适当规模(moderately-sized)的任何项目。XP强调客户全职(full-time)参与。客户和项目的其他成员工作在一起(together)，以简单方式进行有效的沟通(communicate)，以掌握项目按照需求向项目成功的方向进行。 -
第6题：
Extreme Programming（XP）is a discipline of software development with__1____of simplicity,communication,feedback and courage.Successful software development is a teameffort-not just the development team,but the larger team consisting of customer,management and developers.XP is a simple process that brings these people together andhelps them to succeed together.XP is aimed primarily at object-oriented projects using teamsof a dozen or fewer programmers in one location.The principles of XP apply to any___2___project that needs to deliver quality software rapidly and flexibly.An XP project needs a（an）___3___customer to provide guidance.Customers,programmers,managers,are all working___4___to build the system that'sneedeD．Customers-those who have software that needs to be developed-will learn simple,effective ways to___5___what they need,to be sure that they are getting what they need,and to steer the project to success.
2、_____A.small-sized
B.moderately-sized
C.large-sized
D.huge-sized答案：B解析：题目中描述敏捷开发方法极限编程（XP）。XP强调简单、沟通、反馈和勇气4个核心价值（values），适合于需要快速和灵活交付的适当规模（moderately-sized）的任何项目。XP，强调客户全职（full-time）参与。客户和项目的其他成员工作在一起（together），以简单方式进行有效的沟通（communicate），以掌握项目按照需求向项目成功的方向进行。 -
第7题：
Extreme Programming（XP）is a discipline of software development with__1__of simplicity,communication,feedback and courage.Successful software development is a teameffort-not just the development team,but the larger team consisting of customer,management and developers.XP is a simple process that brings these people together andhelps them to succeed together.XP is aimed primarily at object-oriented projects using teamsof a dozen or fewer programmers in one location.The principles of XP apply to any___2___project that needs to deliver quality software rapidly and flexibly.An XP project needs a（an）__3___customer to provide guidance.Customers,programmers,managers,are all working___4__to build the system that'sneedeD．Customers-those who have software that needs to be developed-will learn simple,effective ways to__5___what they need,to be sure that they are getting what they need,and to steer the project to success.
4、_____A.together
B.by themselves
C.separately
D.alone答案：A解析：题目中描述敏捷开发方法极限编程（XP）。XP强调简单、沟通、反馈和勇气4个核心价值（values），适合于需要快速和灵活交付的适当规模（moderately-sized）的任何项目。XP，强调客户全职（full-time）参与。客户和项目的其他成员工作在一起（together），以简单方式进行有效的沟通（communicate），以掌握项目按照需求向项目成功的方向进行。 -
第8题：
Extreme Programming（XP）is a discipline of software development with___1__of simplicity,communication,feedback and courage.Successful software development is a teameffort-not just the development team,but the larger team consisting of customer,management and developers.XP is a simple process that brings these people together andhelps them to succeed together.XP is aimed primarily at object-oriented projects using teamsof a dozen or fewer programmers in one location.The principles of XP apply to any__2___project that needs to deliver quality software rapidly and flexibly.An XP project needs a（an）__3___customer to provide guidance.Customers,programmers,managers,are all working___4__to build the system that'sneedeD．Customers-those who have software that needs to be developed-will learn simple,effective ways to___5__what they need,to be sure that they are getting what they need,and to steer the project to success.
3、_____A.part-time
B.casual
C.seldom
D.full-time答案：D解析：题目中描述敏捷开发方法极限编程（XP）。XP强调简单、沟通、反馈和勇气4个核心价值（values），适合于需要快速和灵活交付的适当规模（moderately-sized）的任何项目。XP，强调客户全职（full-time）参与。客户和项目的其他成员工作在一起（together），以简单方式进行有效的沟通（communicate），以掌握项目按照需求向项目成功的方向进行。 -
第9题：
Extreme Programming (XP) is a discipline of sofiware development with (1) of simplicity,communication, feedback and cuurage. Successful software development is a team effort - not just the development team, but the larger team consisting of customer, management and developers. XP is a simple process that brings these people together and helps them to success together. XP is aimed primarily at object-oriented projects using teams of a dozen or fewer programmers in one location. The principles of XP apply to any (2) project that needs to deliver quality software rapidly and flexibly. An XP project needs a (3) customer to provide guidance. Customers, programmers, managers, are all working (4) to build the system that's needed, Customers - those who have software that needs to be developed - will learn simple, effective way to (5) what they need, to be sure that they are getting what they need, and to steer the project to success. 空白（1）处应选择（）
- A、importance
- B、keys
- C、roles
- D、values
正确答案:D -
第10题：
Ravi, like many project (1) , had studied the waterfall model of software development as the primary software life-cycle (2) . He has all set to use it for an upcoming project, his first assignment. However, Ravi found that the waterfall model could not be used because the customer wanted the software delivered in stages, something that implied that the system had to be delivered and built in (3) and not as (4) . The situation in many other projects is not very different. The real world rarely presents a problem in which a standard process, or the process used in a previous project, is the best choice. To be the most situation, an existing process must be (5) to the new problem. A development process, even after tailoring, generally cannot handle change requests. To accommodate change requests without losing control of the project, you must supplement the development process with a requirement change management process. 空白（5）处应选择（）
- A、modified
- B、used
- C、suited
- D、tailored
正确答案:D -
第11题：
Extreme Programming (XP) is a discipline of sofiware development with (1) of simplicity,communication, feedback and cuurage. Successful software development is a team effort - not just the development team, but the larger team consisting of customer, management and developers. XP is a simple process that brings these people together and helps them to success together. XP is aimed primarily at object-oriented projects using teams of a dozen or fewer programmers in one location. The principles of XP apply to any (2) project that needs to deliver quality software rapidly and flexibly. An XP project needs a (3) customer to provide guidance. Customers, programmers, managers, are all working (4) to build the system that's needed, Customers - those who have software that needs to be developed - will learn simple, effective way to (5) what they need, to be sure that they are getting what they need, and to steer the project to success. 空白（2）处应选择（）
- A、small-sized
- B、moderately-sized
- C、large-sized
- D、huge-sized
正确答案:B -
第12题：
问答题Practice 2 Henry Ford did not invent the automobile, but he was the first man to mass-produce it, and this made it available to the ordinary man. Many automobiles were being built by the hand at the turn of the century and were much too expensive for all but the wealthy. In 1903 Henry Ford's first mass-produced Model T cars cost $850. By the early 1920s he was able to reduce the price, to $350. Between 1903 and 1927 Ford manufactured 15 million Model T Fords and earned a profit of $700 million. In 1927 he produced his sedan Model A, which was much more comfortable than the open, windswept Model T. Henry Ford was himself a born mechanic and could build a car with his own hands. So he respected his workers and treated them well. In 1914, when the basic wage for an industrial worker in Detroit was $11 a week, Ford announced that he would pay his Workers $5 a day. Ford believed in the dignity of work, and did not wish his men to become underpaid robots. He also built them a special town on the outskirts of the city.正确答案： 【参考译文】
汽车不是亨利·福特发明的,但他却是使用机器大量生产汽车的第一人,从而使普通老百姓也能拥有汽车。在20世纪初,许多汽车是手工制造的,对于除富人以外的所有其他人来说,其价格实在太贵。1903年,亨利·福特第一批大量生产的T型汽车每辆卖850美元。到20世纪20年代初,他却能把价格降到350美元。1903年至l927年期间,福特制造了1500万辆T型福特车,赚取7亿美元的利润。1927年,福特生产出A型轿车,比敞篷式不挡风的T型车舒服得多。
亨利·福特是天生的汽车机修师,他能用双手造出汽车。所以他尊重工人,并善待他们。1914年,底特律产业工人的基本工资是每周11美元,而福特却宣布他给工人的报酬是每天5美元。他信奉工作是高尚的,不希望他的工人沦为收入低下的苦力。他还在底特律郊区专门为他们建造了一个镇子。 解析： 暂无解析 -
第13题：
Developing reliable software on time and within(31)represents a difficult endeavor for many organizations.Usually business solutions have three main aspects:people,(32), and technology. The main reason for failing software projects has little to do with technology and tools, and much to do with lack of process(33). Experience has shown that introducing new technology and tools in an immature or undisciplined environment is likely to increase the chaos. CASE tools are not enough. "A fool with a tool is still a fool?"Structured method was the first wave of the software industry. This was the beginning of transforming software development from a"(34)industry' to mass production. Software process movement if the second wave in the software industry. The process maturity movement prepares the way for the third wave of the software industry: "software industrialization". Software development will become like an assembly and manufacturing process. A critical enabling factor is a disciplined software engineering process with predictable quality,(35)and functionality.
A．forecast
B．preparation
C．budget
D．economy
正确答案：C
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第14题：
The work breakdown structure (WBS) has been widely used in management for software development project, ( ) is generally NOT validated through the WBS.
A.Schedule and cost
B.Organization structuring
C.Management coordination
D.Quality of work
正确答案：D
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第15题：
共用题干
I'll Be Bach
Composer David Cope is the inventor of a computer program that writes original works of classical music.It took Cope 30 years to develop the software.Now most people can't tell the difference between music by the famous German composer J.S.Bach(1685-1750)and the Bach-like compositions from Cope's computer.
It all started in 1980 in the United States,when Cope was trying to write an opera.______(46)At first this music was not easy to listen to.What did Cope do?He began to rethink how human beings compose music.He realized that composers'brains work like big databases.First,they take in all the music that they have ever heard.______(47)Finally,they make new music from what is left.According to Cope,only the great composers are able to create the database accurately,remember it,and form new musical patterns from it.
Cope built a huge database of existing music.He began with hundreds of works by Bach.The software analyzed the data:it broke it down into smaller pieces and looked for patterns.It then combined the pieces into new patterns._______(48)They weren't good,but it was a start.
Cope knew he had more work to do-he had a whole opera to write.He continued to improve the software.Soon it could analyze more complex music.He also added many other composers,including his own work,to the database.
A few years later,Cope's computer program,called"Emmy",was ready to help him with his opera.______(49)Cope listened to the computer's musical ideas and used the ones that he liked.With Emmy,the opera took only two weeks to finish.It was called Cradle Falling,and it was a great success! ______(50) Since that first opera,Emmy has written thousands of compositions,Cope still gives Emmy feedback on what he likes and doesn't like of her music,but she is doing most of the hard work of composing these days!______(48)
A:By developing a computer software,David Cope aimed to write an opera.
B:Cope received some of the best reviews of his career,but no one knew exactly how he had composed the work.
C:He was having trouble thinking of new melodies,so he wrote a computer program to create the melodies.
D:The process required a lot of collaboration between the composer and Emmy.
E:Before long,the program could compose short Bach-like works.
F:Then they take out the music that they dislike.答案：E解析：空格前一句表明，1980年Cope在美国开始尝试编写歌剧；空格后又表明，刚开始时这首音乐很难懂。由此可知，空格处的句子中应该有表示音乐的词汇。C项中的“melody”可以用来表示“音乐中的旋律、曲调”，而且C项表示Cope在写歌剧时遇到的问题，与空格前句子相照应，因此选择C项。
根据空格前一句的第一个单词“First”与空格后一句的第一个单词“Finally”可知，空格处的句子中应该有一个表示顺序的词，只有F项中的“Then”可以表示顺序。这三句话连用，用来解释Cope用软件来编写音乐的先后顺序，符合题意。由此可知，本题应该选择F项。
根据第三段第二句可知，Cope选择了巴赫的曲子。由此可知，软件做出来的音乐应该与巴赫的音乐类似，E项符合题意，因此选择E项。
空格前一句表明，Cope的软件Emmy已经准备好帮助他编写歌剧了；空格后一句表明，Cope听取软件之间进行意见，并根据自己的喜好来选择。由此可知，这个过程需要作曲家与Emmy这款软件之间进行的许多合作，D项表述符合题意。
根据空格前一句可知，在Emmy的帮助下，Cope花了两周时间写的歌剧Cradle Falling取得了巨大的成功。由此不难推断出，空格处应该与人们对他的好评有关，因此选择B项： -
第16题：
Extreme Programming（XP）is a discipline of software development with（ ）of simplicity,communication,feedback and courage.Successful software development is a team effort-not just the development team,but the larger team consisting of customer,management and developers.XP is a simple process that brings these people together and helps them to succeed together.XP is aimed primarily at object-oriented projects using teams of a dozen or fewer programmers in one location.The principles of XP apply to any（ ）project that needs to deliver quality software rapidly and flexibly.2011-An XP project needs a（ ）customer to provide guidance.Customers,programmers,managers,are all working（ ）to build the system that's needed．Customers-those who have software that needs to be developed-will learn simple,effective ways to（请作答此空）what they need,to be sure that they are getting what they need,and to steer the project to success.A.tell
B.know
C.communicate
D.feedback答案：C解析：题目中描述敏捷开发方法极限编程（XP）。XP强调简单、沟通、反馈和勇气4个核心价值（values），适合于需要快速和灵活交付的适当规模（moderately-sized）的任何项目。XP强调客户全职（full-time）参与。客户和项目的其他成员工作在一起（together），以简单方式进行有效的沟通（communicate），以掌握项目按照需求向项目成功的方向进行。 -
第17题：
Extreme Programming (XP) is a discipline of software development with(请作答此空)of simplicity, communication, feedback and courage. Successful software development is a team effort - not just the development team, but the larger team consisting of customer, management and developers. XP is a simple process that brings these people together and helps them to succeed together. XP is aimed primarily at object-oriented projects using teams of a dozen or fewer programmers in one location. The principles of XP apply to any( )project that needs to deliver quality software rapidly and flexibly.2011-An XP project needs a( )customer to provide guidance. Customers, programmers, managers, are all working ( )to build the system that's needed．Customers - those who have software that needs to be developed - will learn simple, effective ways to( )what they need, to be sure that they are getting what they need, and to steer the project to success.A.importance]
B.keys
C.roles
D.values答案：D解析：题目中描述敏捷开发方法极限编程(XP)。XP强调简单、沟通、反馈和勇气4个核心价值(values)，适合于需要快速和灵活交付的适当规模(moderately-sized)的任何项目。XP强调客户全职(full-time)参与。客户和项目的其他成员工作在一起(together)，以简单方式进行有效的沟通(communicate)，以掌握项目按照需求向项目成功的方向进行。 -
第18题：
he project workbook is not so much a separate document as it is a structure imposed on the documents that the project will be producing anyway.All the documents of the project need to be part of this（ ）.This includes objectives,external specifications,interface specifications,technical standards,internal specifications and administrative memoranda（备忘录）.Technical prose is almost immortal.If one examines the genealogy（Ff）of a customer manual for a piece of hardware or software,one can trace not only the ideas,but also many of the very sentences and paragraphs back to the first（ ）proposing the product or explaining the first design.For the technical writer,the paste-pot is as mighty as the pen.Since this is so,and since tomorrow's product-quality manuals will grow from today’s memos,it is very important to get the structure of the documentation right.The early design of the project（请作答此空）ensures that the documentation structure itself is crafted,not haphazard.Moreover,the establishment of a structure molds later writing into segments that fit into that structure.The second reason for the project workbook is control of the distribution of（ ）.The problem is not to restrict information,but to ensure that relevant information gets to all the people who need it.The first step is to number all memoranda,so that ordered lists of titles are available and h worker can see if he has what he wants.The organization of the workbook goes well beyond this to establish a tree-structure of memoranda.The（ ）allows distribution lists to be maintained by subtree,if that is desirable.A.title
B.list
C.workbook
D.quality答案：C解析：项目工作手册不是单独的一篇文档,它是对项目必须产出的一系列文档进行组织的一种结果，项目的所有文档都必须是该结构的一部分。这包括目标,外部规范说明,接口规范,技术标准，内部规范和管理备忘录（备忘录）。技术说明几乎是必不可少的。如果某人就硬件和软件的某部分，去查看一系列相关的用户手册。他发现的不仅仅是思路而且还有能追溯到最早备忘录的许多文字和章节,这些备忘录对产品提出建议或者解释设计。对于技术作者而言，文章的剪裁粘贴与钢笔一样有用。基于上述理由，再加上“未来产品”的质量手册将诞生于“今天产品”的备忘录所以正确的文档结构非常重要。事先将项目工作手册设计好，能保证文档的结构本身是规范的，而不是杂乱无章的。另外，有了文档结构，后来书写的文字就可以放置在合适的章节中。使用项目手册的第一个原因是控制信息布。控制信息发布并不是为了限制信息而是确保信息能到达所有需要它的人的手中项目手册的第一步是对所有的备忘录编号,从而每个工作人员可以通过标题列表来检索是否有他所需要的信息。还有一种更好的组织方法就是使用树状的索引结构。而且如果需要的话可以使用树结构中的子树来维护发布列表。 -
第19题：
Extreme Programming（XP）is a discipline of software development with___1___of simplicity,communication,feedback and courage.Successful software development is a teameffort-not just the development team,but the larger team consisting of customer,management and developers.XP is a simple process that brings these people together andhelps them to succeed together.XP is aimed primarily at object-oriented projects using teamsof a dozen or fewer programmers in one location.The principles of XP apply to any__2____project that needs to deliver quality software rapidly and flexibly.An XP project needs a（an）___3__customer to provide guidance.Customers,programmers,managers,are all working___4__to build the system that'sneedeD．Customers-those who have software that needs to be developed-will learn simple,effective ways to___5___what they need,to be sure that they are getting what they need,and to steer the project to success.
1、____A.importance
B.keys
C.roles
D.values答案：D解析：题目中描述敏捷开发方法极限编程（XP）。XP强调简单、沟通、反馈和勇气4个核心价值（values），适合于需要快速和灵活交付的适当规模（moderately-sized）的任何项目。XP，强调客户全职（full-time）参与。客户和项目的其他成员工作在一起（together），以简单方式进行有效的沟通（communicate），以掌握项目按照需求向项目成功的方向进行。 -
第20题：
The _____ is a general description of the architecture of a workflow management system used by the WFMC，in which the main components and the associated interfaces are summarized.A.waterfall model
B.workflow reference model
C.evolutionary model
D.spiral model答案：B解析： -
第21题：
Extreme Programming (XP) is a discipline of sofiware development with (1) of simplicity,communication, feedback and cuurage. Successful software development is a team effort - not just the development team, but the larger team consisting of customer, management and developers. XP is a simple process that brings these people together and helps them to success together. XP is aimed primarily at object-oriented projects using teams of a dozen or fewer programmers in one location. The principles of XP apply to any (2) project that needs to deliver quality software rapidly and flexibly. An XP project needs a (3) customer to provide guidance. Customers, programmers, managers, are all working (4) to build the system that's needed, Customers - those who have software that needs to be developed - will learn simple, effective way to (5) what they need, to be sure that they are getting what they need, and to steer the project to success. 空白（5）处应选择（）
- A、tell
- B、know
- C、communicate
- D、feedback
正确答案:C -
第22题：
Ravi, like many project (1) , had studied the waterfall model of software development as the primary software life-cycle (2) . He has all set to use it for an upcoming project, his first assignment. However, Ravi found that the waterfall model could not be used because the customer wanted the software delivered in stages, something that implied that the system had to be delivered and built in (3) and not as (4) . The situation in many other projects is not very different. The real world rarely presents a problem in which a standard process, or the process used in a previous project, is the best choice. To be the most situation, an existing process must be (5) to the new problem. A development process, even after tailoring, generally cannot handle change requests. To accommodate change requests without losing control of the project, you must supplement the development process with a requirement change management process. 空白（2）处应选择（）
- A、activity
- B、procedure
- C、process
- D、progress
正确答案:C -
第23题：
单选题He had to _____ his stay in Shanghai for another week, because his project could not be completed.Aroutinize
Bsafeguard
Csacrifice
Dprolong
正确答案： A解析：
prolong拖延，延长。routinize使惯例化。safeguard保卫。sacrifice牺牲。