microtubule-associated proteins, MAPs (微管结合蛋白)
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microtubule-associated proteins, MAPs (微管结合蛋白)
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更多“microtubule-associated proteins,”相关问题
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第1题：
资料：What，if anything，do we gain by clinging to our antioxidant supplements？
Very little，according to an accumulating body of research. We don’t need massive doses of antioxidants，we need stress to compel our own bodies to create antioxidants.“Everybody thinks oxidation is bad，and that antioxidants are good，”says Dr.Jones，“That’s bogus. A little bit of poison is good.”
That poison can actually come from plants，especially those that have survived harsh conditions. Foods that have survived harsh conditions make us stronger by stressing our bodies，not because they’re rich in antioxidants.
As the science quarterly Nautilus explains，plants have developed an arsenal of chemicals to help them ward off insects and grazers. These“antifeedants，”when ingested by humans，trigger the body to release proteins and activate genes that “produce antioxidants，enzymes to metabolize toxins，proteins to flush out heavy metals，and factors that enhance tumor suppression.”
Plants prepare your body to handle toxins in the same way as exercise prepares you to race-by stressing your body. And supplements，says Dr.Hooper，interrupt this process.
“These antioxidant supplements are like a Trojan horse，”continues Dr.Hooper. They say，I’m a good guy. You guys go to sleep and while the defense is asleep the antioxidants get rid of any oxidation. It puts the defense-system’s army to sleep.
While Dr.Jones acknowledges the benefits of vitamin E for muscle cramps and macular degeneration，he doesn’t approve the idea that it improves one’s physical performance. He suggests that athletes in intense contact sports such as soccer and football benefit from trauma. “Players have to be hit with pads on Tuesdays and Thursdays in order to compete on Sundays-they need that actual trauma.”he says.
“Everything in our society is geared toward，How can we reduce stress？”adds Dr.Hooper. “When it should be just the opposite. We need stress. Stress is good.
What does the underlined word“bogus”mean？A.reasonable.
B.untrue.
C.terrible.
D.fair.答案：B解析：本题考查的是推理判断。
【关键词】bogus；mean
【主题句】第1自然段“Everybody thinks oxidation is bad，and that antioxidants are good，”says Dr.Jones，“That’s bogus. A little bit of poison is good.”“每个人都认为氧化是坏的，抗氧化剂是好的，”琼斯博士说，“这是假的。有一点点毒是好的。”
【解析】本题的问题是“划线词bogus意思是什么？”A选项“合理的”；B选项“不正确的”；C选项“可怕的”；D选项“合理的”。根据题意，琼斯博士否定了这种观点，因此B选项符合题意。 -
第2题：
共用题干
Unlocking the Human Genome（基因组）
1 A project to unlock secrets一what scientist could resist that challenge?This is what many
scientists are doing as they work on the Human Genome Project.The aim of the project is
to decode（破译）all of the some 100,000 genes in the human body. Scientists are using
DNA fingerprinting techniques to do the decoding.
2 DNA is the substance found in the chromosomes（染色体）of a cell. A chromosome is a
chain of genes.Each gene carries a piece of genetic information.At any one moment in a
cell, thousands of genes are turned on and off to produce proteins（蛋白质）.The challenge
for scientists is to find out what role each gene plays in protein production.At some point
this decoding will be complete.Then scientists will have a map of an ideal genome,or a
picture of the total genetic nature of a human being.The ideal genome is called a
consensus（交感）genome. Everything works well in a consensus genome.
3 But no one in the world has a consensus genome.Everyone's genome is different from
the ideal. These differences are referred to as genetic mutations（突变）.Genetic
mutations in a person's genome mean that the person has a greater than average chance of
suffering from health problems.Some problems are not life-threatening.These would
include things like colorblindness,or mild headaches.Other problems are serious,such as
heart disease,or cancer.
4 It will take years to identify the role of each of the 100,000 genes.The short-term goal of
the project is to find the physical and mental health problems a person is likely to encounter
during his or her lifetime.The long-term goal is to have each person live a longer,healthier
life.Genetic mutations in a person's genome may affect_________.
A:that person's health
B:a scientific answer
C:scientific researchers
D:the genes
E:the function
F:the size答案：A解析： -
第3题：
（膜）孔蛋白（pore proteins）
正确答案:其含义与通道蛋白类似，只是该术语常用于细菌。 -
第4题：
同源蛋白质（homologous proteins）
正确答案:来自不同种类生物、而序列和功能类似的蛋白质。例如血红蛋白。 -
第5题：
单选题Although it has not been confirmed such proteins in whole milk are inducing in children under 12 months milk allergies, most pediatricians advise waiting until the child is one year old before introducing whole milk into his or her diet.Asuch proteins in whole milk are inducing in children under 12 months milk allergies
Bthat under 12 months the proteins in whole milk can induce milk allergries in children
Cof proteins in whole milk inducing milk allergies in children under 12 months
Dthe proteins in whole milk can induce milk allergies in children under 12 months
Ethat the proteins in whole milk can induce milk allergies in children under 12 months
正确答案： E解析：
根据固定搭配“it has not been confirmed that…”可知A、C、D错误；B项中存在逻辑错误，故本题选E项。 -
第6题：
单选题Incomplete proteins ______.Ahave all the essential amino acids
Bare manufactured by the body
Ccan mix with other proteins to form complete proteins
Dcan be gained from meat, fish, eggs, and milk
正确答案： B解析：
第五段介绍了两种“to form complete proteins from incomplete proteins”的方法，都是通过“mix with other proteins”，与C项内容相符。 -
第7题：
名词解释题membrane-binding proteins (膜结合蛋白)正确答案： 是非肌细胞质膜下方产生收缩的机器。在剧烈活动时，由收缩蛋白作用于质膜产生的力引起质膜向内或向外移动（如吞噬作用和胞质分裂）。这种运动由肌动蛋白纤维直接或间接与质膜相结合后形成的。直接的方式有同膜整合蛋白的结合，间接的方式有同外周蛋白的结合。解析： 暂无解析 -
第8题：
名词解释题nonhistone proteins (非组蛋白)正确答案： 是指细胞核中组蛋白以外的酸性蛋白质。非组蛋白不仅包括以DNA作为底物的酶，也包括作用于组蛋白的一些酶，如组蛋白甲基化酶。此外还包括DNA结合蛋白、组蛋白结合蛋白和调节蛋白。由于非组蛋白常常与DNA或组蛋白结合，所以在染色质或染色体中也有非组蛋白的存在，如染色体骨架蛋白。解析： 暂无解析 -
第9题：
The research by Blackburn and Greider helps suggest the role ofA money in medical research.
B proteins in cancer treatment.
C hormones in the functioning of life.
D telomerase in the growth of cancer cells.答案：D解析： -
第10题：
球蛋白(globular proteins)
正确答案:一类蛋白质，许多都溶于水，球蛋白是紧凑的、近似球形的、含有折叠紧密的多肽链。典型的球蛋白含有能特异识别和结合其它化合物的凹陷或裂隙部位。 -
第11题：
外周膜蛋白（peripheral membrane proteins）
正确答案:通过与膜脂的极性头部或内在膜蛋白的离子相互作用和形成氢键与膜的内、外表面弱结合的膜蛋白。膜蛋白一旦从膜上释放出来，通常都是水溶性的。 -
第12题：
单选题Based on the information given in the passage, which of the following would be most effective in preventing a person infected with malaria from developing a hemorrhagic fever?ASurgical removal of the spleen
BA medicine that prevents changes to the surface proteins of red blood cells
CAn effective vaccine against malaria
DA potent pesticide that reliably kills the Anopheles mosquito without producing any negative consequences for the environment or for human health
EA small infusion of a weaker variant of the Plasmodium protozoan that will then compete with the existing parasitic infection
正确答案： B解析：
推断题。根据第四段最后一句“If the sticky surface proteins affect a particularly large number of cells, the malaria can transform into a hemorrhagic fever, the most deadly form of malaria.”可知，B项是正确的。 -
第13题：
名词解释题microtubule-associated proteins, MAPs (微管结合蛋白)正确答案： 与微管特异地结合在一起，对微管的功能起辅助作用的蛋白质称为微管结合蛋白，在微管结构中约占10～15%。
一类主要的MAPs家族叫作装配MAPs（assembly MAPs），作用是将微管在胞质溶胶中进行交联。这些MAPs的结构中具有两个结构域，一个是碱性的微管蛋白结合结构域，另一个是酸性的外伸的结构域。
MAPs具有多方面的功能∶①使微管相互交联形成束状结构，也可以使微管同其它细胞结构交联。②通过与微管成核点的作用促进微管的聚合。③在细胞内沿微管转运囊泡和颗粒，因为一些分子马达能够同微管结合转运细胞的物质。④提高微管的稳定性∶由于MAPs同微管壁的结合，自然就改变了微管组装和解聚的动力学。MAPs同微管的结合能够控制微管的长度防止微管的解聚。由此可见，微管结合蛋白扩展了微管蛋白的生化功能。解析： 暂无解析 -
第14题：
名词解释题iron-sulfur proteins, Fe/S protein (铁硫蛋白)正确答案： 铁硫蛋白是含铁的蛋白质，也是细胞色素类蛋白。在铁硫蛋白分子的中央结合的不是血红素而是铁和硫，称为铁-硫中心（iron-sulfurcenters）。最常见的是在蛋白质的中央含有四个原子，其中两个是铁，另两个是硫，称为[2Fe-2S]，或在蛋白质的中央含有八个原子，其中四个是铁，另四个是硫，称为[4Fe-4S]，并且通过硫与蛋白质的半胱氨酸残基相连。在铁硫蛋白中尽管有多个铁原子的存在，但整个复合物一次只能接受一个电子以及传递一个电子，并且也是靠Fe3+Fe2+状态的循环变化传递电子。解析： 暂无解析 -
第15题：
名词解释题球蛋白(globular proteins)正确答案： 一类蛋白质，许多都溶于水，球蛋白是紧凑的、近似球形的、含有折叠紧密的多肽链。典型的球蛋白含有能特异识别和结合其它化合物的凹陷或裂隙部位。解析： 暂无解析 -
第16题：
名词解释题外周膜蛋白（peripheral membrane proteins）正确答案： 通过与膜脂的极性头部或内在膜蛋白的离子相互作用和形成氢键与膜的内、外表面弱结合的膜蛋白。膜蛋白一旦从膜上释放出来，通常都是水溶性的。解析： 暂无解析