更多“定向干细胞(committed stem cell)”相关问题
  • 第1题:

    提出造血干细胞(hematopoietic stem cell,HSC)概念的依据是

    A、造血干细胞是由胚胎干细胞发育而来

    B、维持体内恒定的血细胞数量

    C、1961年Till等在小鼠体内发现了造血干细胞

    D、1979年,体外培养人造血祖细胞成功

    E、采用天然的细胞标志纯化造血干细胞和发展体外造血干细胞培养技术


    参考答案:CD

  • 第2题:

    造血干细胞属于

    A、全能干细胞

    B、早期多能干细胞

    C、次级多能干细胞

    D、定向祖细胞

    E、胚胎干细胞


    参考答案:C

  • 第3题:

    共用题干
    Stem Cell Therapy May Help Repair the Heart
    According to scientists in the USA,stem cell therapy may one day be able to repair the
    hearts of people with heart failure.Researchers at Pittsburgh University School of Medicine
    examined 20 patients who had severe heart failure and were going to have surgery.
    They injected stem cells into the parts of their hearts that were damaged.They then
    compared their hearts with those of people who had undergone surgery without having the
    stem cells injected into them(they had also suffered from severe heart failure).The
    patients who had had the stem cells injected had hearts that were able to pump(用泵抽运)
    more blood than the others.
    According to Professor Robert Kormos,one of the researchers,these results could
    revolutionize heart treatment.Although previous studies had indicated that there might be a
    benefit,this is the first study that has actually proved that stem cell therapy can help the
    failing heart work better.
    All the patients in this study had hearts that could not pump blood properly.The
    scientists measured their ejection fraction(射血分数).This is a measure of heart
    performance;you measure how much blood is being pumped out by the left ventricle(心
    室).
    Healthy people's ejection fraction is about 55%.These patients had ejection fraction of
    under 35%. They all had by-pass surgery(搭桥手术)performed on them. Some of the
    patients had stem cells taken from their hip bones and injected into 25-30 sites in the
    damaged heart muscle.Six months later their ejection fraction rate was 46.1%while those
    who just had surgery but no stem cell injections averaged 37. 2%.
    No side effects were reported.
    Heart failure is a common problem all over the world.In the UK alone about 650, 000
    people suffer from heart failure every year. As the number of people suffering from heart
    failure increases in the world in general these findings are particularly significant.
    Current treatments relieve the symptoms.This new stem cell therapy actually repairs
    the damaged muscle in the heart and has the potential of curing the disease.

    The 20 patients had stem cell injections instead of surgery.
    A:Right
    B:Wrong
    C:Not mentioned

    答案:B
    解析:

  • 第4题:

    Stem cell in epidermis是()。

    • A、基底细胞
    • B、棘细胞
    • C、郎格汉斯细胞
    • D、梅克尔细胞

    正确答案:A

  • 第5题:

    简述多能造血干细胞和定向干细胞的分化。


    正确答案:多能造血干细胞最初分化为定向干细胞,包括淋巴样祖细胞(淋巴样干细胞)和髓样祖细胞(髓样干细胞)。淋巴样祖细胞继续分化为B细胞、T细胞和NK细胞,髓样祖细胞继续分化为具有产生红系、粒细胞系、巨核系和单核-巨噬细胞系潜能的集落形成单位CFU-GEMM,CFU-GEMM可分别分化为中性粒细胞、单核-巨噬细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞,以及红细胞与巨核细胞/血小板。

  • 第6题:

    红细胞起源于()、在()作用下,使来自骨髓造血干细胞的红系统定向干细胞分化为()。


    正确答案:骨髓造血干细皈;促红素;原红细胞

  • 第7题:

    名词解释题
    肿瘤干细胞(tumor stem cells,TSC)

    正确答案: 表现为一种特殊类型的干细胞,具备高度增殖能力与自我更新能力,也具备多向分化的潜能。TSC增殖过程中,通过不均一分裂,一个TSC分裂形成一个新的TSC和另一个可最终分化为包括肿瘤细胞在内的各种细胞的子细胞,其结果是维持TSC数目稳定并产生肿瘤。
    解析: 暂无解析

  • 第8题:

    单选题
    各种血细胞均起源于骨髓的()
    A

    髓系干细胞

    B

    淋巴系干细胞

    C

    基质细胞

    D

    定向祖细胞

    E

    多能造血干细胞


    正确答案: B
    解析: 暂无解析

  • 第9题:

    名词解释题
    stem cells, SC (干细胞)

    正确答案: 是一类具有自我复制能力(self-renewing)的多潜能细胞,在一定条件下,它可以分化成多种功能细胞。
    干细胞有两种分类方法,一是根据干细胞所处的发育阶段分为胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cell,ES细胞)和成体干细胞(somatic stem cell)。第二种分类方法是根据干细胞的发育潜能分为三类:全能干细胞(totipotentstemcell,TSC)、多能干细胞(pluripotent stem cell)和单能干细胞(unipotent stem cell)。胚胎干细胞的发育等级较高,是全能干细胞,而成体干细胞的发育等级较低,是多能或单能干细胞。
    解析: 暂无解析

  • 第10题:

    名词解释题
    骨髓间充质干细胞(marrow mesenchymal stem cell)

    正确答案: 骨髓间充质干细胞,从骨髓中分离出的最具有分化潜能的多能干细胞,可向中胚层和神经外胚层各种不同类型的组织细胞分化。
    解析: 暂无解析

  • 第11题:

    单选题
    同源重组(homologous recombination)与胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cell)结合起来,创造了基因打靶技术(gene targeting),并得到基因敲除模型,获得了()年的诺贝尔奖
    A

    2006

    B

    2007

    C

    2008

    D

    2009


    正确答案: A
    解析: 暂无解析

  • 第12题:

    名词解释题
    Embryonic stem cell

    正确答案: 为胚胎干细胞,是由胚泡的内细胞团中分离得到的一种全能性细胞。
    解析: 暂无解析

  • 第13题:

    定向干细胞(名词解释)


    参考答案:是多能造血干细胞最初分化形成的定向干细胞,包括淋巴样干细胞(或称淋巴样祖细胞)和髓样干细胞(或称髓样祖细胞)。前者在—定条件下可继续增殖分化,最终发育为成熟的子代细胞,即T、B淋巴细胞、NK细胞和部分树突状细胞;后者继续增殖分化,最终发育为成熟的子代细胞,即嗜中性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞、单核-巨噬细胞、红细胞、血小板和树突状细胞。

  • 第14题:

    共用题干
    Stem Cell Therapy May Help Repair the Heart
    According to scientists in the USA,stem cell therapy may one day be able to repair the
    hearts of people with heart failure.Researchers at Pittsburgh University School of Medicine
    examined 20 patients who had severe heart failure and were going to have surgery.
    They injected stem cells into the parts of their hearts that were damaged.They then
    compared their hearts with those of people who had undergone surgery without having the
    stem cells injected into them(they had also suffered from severe heart failure).The
    patients who had had the stem cells injected had hearts that were able to pump(用泵抽运)
    more blood than the others.
    According to Professor Robert Kormos,one of the researchers,these results could
    revolutionize heart treatment.Although previous studies had indicated that there might be a
    benefit,this is the first study that has actually proved that stem cell therapy can help the
    failing heart work better.
    All the patients in this study had hearts that could not pump blood properly.The
    scientists measured their ejection fraction(射血分数).This is a measure of heart
    performance;you measure how much blood is being pumped out by the left ventricle(心
    室).
    Healthy people's ejection fraction is about 55%.These patients had ejection fraction of
    under 35%. They all had by-pass surgery(搭桥手术)performed on them. Some of the
    patients had stem cells taken from their hip bones and injected into 25-30 sites in the
    damaged heart muscle.Six months later their ejection fraction rate was 46.1%while those
    who just had surgery but no stem cell injections averaged 37. 2%.
    No side effects were reported.
    Heart failure is a common problem all over the world.In the UK alone about 650, 000
    people suffer from heart failure every year. As the number of people suffering from heart
    failure increases in the world in general these findings are particularly significant.
    Current treatments relieve the symptoms.This new stem cell therapy actually repairs
    the damaged muscle in the heart and has the potential of curing the disease.

    Heart failure is more common in the UK than anywhere else in the world.
    A:Right
    B:Wrong
    C:Not mentioned

    答案:C
    解析:

  • 第15题:

    各种血细胞均起源于骨髓的

    A.髓系干细胞
    B.淋巴系干细胞
    C.基质细胞
    D.定向祖细胞
    E.多能造血干细胞

    答案:E
    解析:
    各种血细胞均起源于骨髓的多能造血干细胞。

  • 第16题:

    造血干细胞(hemopoietic stem cell)


    正确答案:是存在于造血组织中的一群原始造血细胞,具有自我增生和分化功能,是各种血细胞的共同祖先,可增生分化产生多种功能不同的血细胞。

  • 第17题:

    多种免疫细胞均来源于()。

    • A、淋巴样干细胞
    • B、髓样干细胞
    • C、定向干细胞
    • D、胸腺细胞
    • E、造血干细胞

    正确答案:E

  • 第18题:

    同源重组(homologous recombination)与胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cell)结合起来,创造了基因打靶技术(gene targeting),并得到基因敲除模型,获得了()年的诺贝尔奖

    • A、2006
    • B、2007
    • C、2008
    • D、2009

    正确答案:B

  • 第19题:

    名词解释题
    somatic stem cell (成体干细胞)

    正确答案: 是一类成熟较慢但能自我维持增殖的未分化的细胞,这种细胞存在于各种组织的特定位置上,一旦需要,这些细胞便可按发育途径,先进行细胞分裂,然后经过分化产生出另外一群具有有限分裂能力的细胞群。
    成体干细胞的发育等级较低,是多能或单能干细胞。造血干细胞(hematopoietic stem cell,HSC)和骨髓间质干细胞(mesenhymal stem cell)是熟知的成体干细胞。
    解析: 暂无解析

  • 第20题:

    名词解释题
    hematopoietic stem cell,HSC (造血干细胞)

    正确答案: 是骨髓中的多能干细胞,能够分裂形成两种类型的细胞:一种仍然作为干细胞,但另一种成为祖细胞(progenitor cell),即次一级的干细胞,又称为爆发集落形成单位(burst forming units,BFUs)和集落形成单位(colony-forming units,CFUs),因为它们可分裂形成多种类型的细胞群,包括:粒性白细胞、单核细胞、血小板、红细胞、T细胞与B细胞等。
    解析: 暂无解析

  • 第21题:

    名词解释题
    muscle stem cell (肌肉干细胞)

    正确答案: 可发育分化为成肌细胞(myoblasts),后者可互相融合成为多核的肌纤维,形成骨骼肌最基本的结构。
    解析: 暂无解析

  • 第22题:

    名词解释题
    干细胞(stem)

    正确答案: 干细胞是个体发育过程中产生的具有无限或较长时间自我更新和多向分化能力的一类细胞。根据来源和个体发育中出现的先后可分为胚胎干细胞和成体干细胞。
    解析: 暂无解析

  • 第23题:

    单选题
    Stem cell in epidermis是()。
    A

    基底细胞

    B

    棘细胞

    C

    郎格汉斯细胞

    D

    梅克尔细胞


    正确答案: A
    解析: 暂无解析